Next Article in Journal
Droplet Deposition and Transfer in Coffee Cultivation Under Different Spray Rates and Nozzle Types
Previous Article in Journal
Citrus Waste Valorisation Processes from an Environmental Sustainability Perspective: A Scoping Literature Review of Life Cycle Assessment Studies
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
AgriEngineering
Volume 7
Issue 10
10.3390/agriengineering7100336
agriengineering-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Dicamba Impacts on Aquatic Bioindicators and Non-Target Plants

by
Pâmela Castro Pereira
1,
Isabella Alves Brunetti
2,
Ana Beatriz da Silva
3,
Ana Carolina de Oliveira
4,
Claudinei da Cruz
3,
Stephen Oscar Duke
5 and
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho
1,*
1
School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane S/N, Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
2
Aquaculture Center of the University of the State of São Paulo (UNESP), Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane Castellane S/N, Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
3
University Center of the Educational Foundation of Barretos, Av. Prof Roberto Frade Monte, 389, Aeroporto, Barretos 14783-226, SP, Brazil
4
Faculty of Engineering, University of the State of São Paulo (UNESP), Av. Brasil Sul, 56, Centro, Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
5
National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38667, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
AgriEngineering 2025, 7(10), 336; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7100336
Submission received: 2 September 2025 / Revised: 22 September 2025 / Accepted: 2 October 2025 / Published: 8 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Bioresource and Bioprocess Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Use of dicamba, an auxin-mimic herbicide, has increased in recent years. Both the effects of dicamba on non-target plants and the determination of a biological model to determine the dicamba ecotoxicity dynamics are important to monitor the correct and safe use of this herbicide. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of low doses (simulating herbicide drift) and to determine the acute toxicity of dicamba to aquatic bioindicator species (Lemna minor, Pomacea canaliculate, Hyphessobrycon eques, and Danio rerio) and terrestrial non-target plants (Cucumis sativus, Solanum lycopersicum, and Lactuca sativa) in tropical conditions. Measurements of acute toxicity of dicamba at the concentrations that cause 50% of symptoms of injury (LC50) and other biometric variables were performed. Dicamba was virtually non-toxic to all aquatic bioindicator species (LC50 > 118.0 mg L−1), while it was highly toxic to all terrestrial non-target plants (LC50 < 0.5 mg L−1). Severe injury symptoms (70% to 100%) caused by application of low doses of dicamba were found for all non-target terrestrial plants. Severe injury symptoms (70% to 100%) caused by volatilization of dicamba were found only for S. lycopersicum. Since S. lycopersicum was found as the most sensitive non-target plant, showing high injury symptoms caused by dicamba and significant injury from volatilized dicamba, this species is suitable for environmental monitoring of dicamba applications.
Keywords: environmental dynamics; pesticides; non-target plants; auxin-mimic herbicides; toxicity environmental dynamics; pesticides; non-target plants; auxin-mimic herbicides; toxicity

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Pereira, P.C.; Brunetti, I.A.; Silva, A.B.d.; Oliveira, A.C.d.; Cruz, C.d.; Duke, S.O.; Carvalho, L.B.d. Dicamba Impacts on Aquatic Bioindicators and Non-Target Plants. AgriEngineering 2025, 7, 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7100336

AMA Style

Pereira PC, Brunetti IA, Silva ABd, Oliveira ACd, Cruz Cd, Duke SO, Carvalho LBd. Dicamba Impacts on Aquatic Bioindicators and Non-Target Plants. AgriEngineering. 2025; 7(10):336. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7100336

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pereira, Pâmela Castro, Isabella Alves Brunetti, Ana Beatriz da Silva, Ana Carolina de Oliveira, Claudinei da Cruz, Stephen Oscar Duke, and Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho. 2025. "Dicamba Impacts on Aquatic Bioindicators and Non-Target Plants" AgriEngineering 7, no. 10: 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7100336

APA Style

Pereira, P. C., Brunetti, I. A., Silva, A. B. d., Oliveira, A. C. d., Cruz, C. d., Duke, S. O., & Carvalho, L. B. d. (2025). Dicamba Impacts on Aquatic Bioindicators and Non-Target Plants. AgriEngineering, 7(10), 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering7100336

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop