Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Population and Migraine Features
2.2. Insomnia Symptoms and Correlation with Migraine Features
2.2.1. Analysis of Chronic vs. Episodic Migraineurs Subpopulations
2.2.2. Comparison of Migraine with or without Aura Subpopulations
2.2.3. Analysis of Patients Reporting vs. Non-Reporting History of Anxiety Subpopulations
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patients Collection and Migraine Features
4.2. Insomnia Study
4.3. Subjective Anxiety Assessment
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patients’ Characteristics | |
---|---|
Total, n (%) | 156 (100%) |
Age (±SD) | 43 ± 12 |
Sex, n (%) | Female 132 (84.6%) Male 24 (15.4%) |
Headache days/month (±SD) | 11.7 ± 8.3 |
Pain intensity (±SD) | 7.1 ± 1.7 |
Diagnosis, n (%) | CM 62 (39.7%) EM 94 (60.3%) |
MwA, n (%) | 45 (28.8%) |
History of anxiety, n (%) | Yes 75 (48.1%) No 81 (51.9%) |
ISI Item General Population | Score Mean ± SD | Spearman’s Correlation Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
Headache Days/Month r (p Value) | Pain Intensity r (p Value) | ||
1a | 1.2 ± 1.4 | 0.212 (0.008) ** | 0.079 (0.330) |
1b | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.215 (0.007) ** | 0.080 (0.321) |
1c | 0.7 ± 1.1 | 0.017 (0.830) | −0.007 (0.934) |
2 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 0.019 (0.811) | 0.145 (0.070) |
3 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.059 (0.461) | 0.037 (0.644) |
4 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.110 (0.170) | 0.040 (0.622) |
5 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.182 (0.023) * | 0.107 (0.186) |
Total score | 8.3 ± 6.8 | 0.165 (0.039) * | 0.109 (0.174) |
ISI Insomnia Category | Overall (156) | CM (62) | EM (94) |
---|---|---|---|
absence (0–7) | 77 (49.4%) | 23 (37.1%) | 54 (57.4%) |
subthreshold (8–14) | 44 (28.2%) | 23 (37.1%) | 21 (22.3%) |
moderate (15–21) | 29 (18.6%) | 14 (22.6%) | 15 (16%) |
severe (22–28) | 6 (3.8%) | 2 (3.2%) | 4 (4.3%) |
ISI Item | CM Mean ± SD | EM Mean ± SD | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
1a | 1.6 ± 1.5 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.011 * |
1b | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.9 ± 1.2 | 0.024 * |
1c | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.442 |
2 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 0.677 |
3 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 0.439 |
4 | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.253 |
5 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.095 |
Total score | 9.4 ± 6.8 | 7.5 ± 6.8 | 0.100 |
ISI Item CM | Score | Spearman’s Correlation Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
Headache Days/Month r (p Value) | Pain Intensity r (p Value) | ||
1a | 1.6 ± 1.5 | 0.021 (0.869) | 0.058 (0.655) |
1b | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.328 (0.009) ** | −0.066 (0.609) |
1c | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.310 (0.014) * | −0.054 (0.674) |
2 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 0.239 (0.061) | 0.082 (0.525) |
3 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 0.077 (0.551) | 0.021 (0.873) |
4 | 1.2 ± 1.3 | −0.014 (0.913) | −0.022 (0.866) |
5 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 0.094 (0.470) | 0.160 (0.215) |
Total score | 9.4 ± 6.8 | 0.187 (0.145) * | 0.034 (0.793) |
ISI Item EM | Score | Spearman’s Correlation Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
Headache Days/Month r (p Value) | Pain Intensity r (p Value) | ||
1a | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 0.089 (0.394) | 0.059 (0.571) |
1b | 0.9 ± 1.2 | 0.025 (0.810) | 0.121 (0.245) |
1c | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.065 (0.532) | 0.047 (0.656) |
2 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | −0.119 (0.255) | 0.167 (0.107) |
3 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | −0.020 (0.850) | 0.035 (0.737) |
4 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.096 (0.356) | 0.068 (0.513) |
5 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.148 (0.154) | 0.053 (0.614) |
Total score | 7.6 ± 6.8 | 0.034 (0.743) | 0.108 (0.302) |
ISI Item | MwA Mean ± SD | MwoA Mean ± SD | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
1a | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 1.2 ± 1.4 | 0.758 |
1b | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.173 |
1c | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.026 * |
2 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 0.491 |
3 | 1.5 ± 1.5 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 0.482 |
4 | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.335 |
5 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.096 |
Total score | 9.4 ± 7.4 | 7.8 ± 6.6 | 0.183 |
ISI Insomnia Category | Overall (156) | Anxious (75) | Non-Anxious (81) |
---|---|---|---|
absence (0–7) | 77 (49.4%) | 27 (30.0%) | 50 (61.7%) |
subthreshold (8–14) | 44 (28.2%) | 23 (30.7%) | 21 (25.9%) |
moderate (15–21) | 29 (18.6%) | 22 (29.3%) | 7 (8.6%) |
severe (22–28) | 6 (3.8%) | 3 (4.0%) | 3 (3.7%) |
ISI Item Anxious | Score | Spearman’s Correlation Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
Headache Days/Month r (p Value) | Pain Intensity r (p Value) | ||
1a | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.162 (0.165) | −0.040 (0.732) |
1b | 1.2 ± 1.4 | 0.077 (0.513) | 0.084 (0.472) |
1c | 0.8 ± 1.2 | −0.100 (0.393) | −0.021 (0.861) |
2 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 0.002 (0.988) | 0.182 (0.119) |
3 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | −0.036 (0.759) | 0.096 (0.412) |
4 | 1.5 ± 1.3 | 0.037 (0.751) | −0.020 (0.865) |
5 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.115 (0.327) | 0.018 (0.877) |
Total score | 10.4 ± 6.8 | 0.065 (0.580) | 0.066 (0.576) |
ISI Item Non-Anxious | Score | Spearman’s Correlation Analysis | |
---|---|---|---|
Headache Days/Month r (p Value) | Pain Intensity r (p Value) | ||
1a | 0.8 ± 1.2 | 0.241 (0.030) * | 0.075 (0.506) |
1b | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 0.320 (0.004) ** | 0.045 (0.690) |
1c | 0.7 ± 1.0 | 0.118 (0.295) | 0.003 (0.976) |
2 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | −0.035 (0.759) | 0.035 (0.759) |
3 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 0.081 (0.473) | −0.067 (0.555) |
4 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.101 (0.370) | −0.004 (0.972) |
5 | 0.7 ± 1.1 | 0.202 (0.071) | 0.116 (0.304) |
Total score | 6.4 ± 6.4 | 0.153 (0.172) | 0.049 (0.665) |
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Torrente, A.; Vassallo, L.; Alonge, P.; Pilati, L.; Gagliardo, A.; Ventimiglia, D.; Lupica, A.; Di Stefano, V.; Camarda, C.; Brighina, F. Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call? Clocks & Sleep 2024, 6, 72-84. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6010006
Torrente A, Vassallo L, Alonge P, Pilati L, Gagliardo A, Ventimiglia D, Lupica A, Di Stefano V, Camarda C, Brighina F. Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call? Clocks & Sleep. 2024; 6(1):72-84. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleTorrente, Angelo, Lavinia Vassallo, Paolo Alonge, Laura Pilati, Andrea Gagliardo, Davide Ventimiglia, Antonino Lupica, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Cecilia Camarda, and Filippo Brighina. 2024. "Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call?" Clocks & Sleep 6, no. 1: 72-84. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6010006
APA StyleTorrente, A., Vassallo, L., Alonge, P., Pilati, L., Gagliardo, A., Ventimiglia, D., Lupica, A., Di Stefano, V., Camarda, C., & Brighina, F. (2024). Insomnia and Migraine: A Missed Call? Clocks & Sleep, 6(1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6010006