Site Quality Models and Fuel Load Dynamic Equation Systems Disaggregated by Size Fractions and Vegetative States in Gorse and High Heath Shrublands in Galicia (NW Spain)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Area, Shrub Communities and Inventory Plots
2.2. Biomass Sampling
2.3. Laboratory Work
2.4. Development of Total Fuel Load Growth Curves
2.5. Compatible System for the Shrub Fuel Complex
2.6. Assessing the Effect of Topographic and Climatic Variables on Site Quality
3. Results
3.1. Development of Total Fuel Load Growth Curves
3.2. Effect of Topographic and Climatic Variables on Site Quality
3.3. Compatible System for the Shrub Fuel Complex
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of Topographic and Climatic Variables on Site Quality
4.2. Biomass Accumulation and Mean Annual Increment (MAI)
4.3. Fine Ratio
4.4. Dead Ratio
4.5. Implications for Fuel Hazard Management
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Statistic | Ue | Ea |
---|---|---|---|
n | 165 | 102 | |
Mean | 123.56 | 107.28 | |
(cm) | Std. dev. | 67.43 | 69.72 |
CovShr | Mean | 8589 | 89.75 |
(%) | Std. dev. | 22.53 | 17.49 |
t | Mean | 9.36 | 8.00 |
(years) | Std. dev. | 4.69 | 5.98 |
WShr | Mean | 3.49 | 2.40 |
(kg m−2) | Std. dev. | 1.46 | 1.68 |
WShr_G23 | Mean | 1.33 | 0.91 |
(kg m−2) | Std. dev. | 1.06 | 1.11 |
WShr_G1 | Mean | 2.16 | 1.49 |
(kg m−2) | Std. dev. | 0.71 | 0.74 |
WShr_G1_dead | Mean | 0.85 | 0.41 |
(kg m−2) | Std. dev. | 0.36 | 0.27 |
WShr_G1_live | Mean | 1.31 | 1.08 |
(kg m−2) | Std. dev. | 0.47 | 0.52 |
Species | Elevation | Slope | P | Ps | T | Twm | Tcm | P/T | Rd | Rds | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U. europaeus | 572a | 11a | 1560a | 137a | 11.8a | 18.3a | 6.5a | 132.5a | 2.5a | 10.7a | 4.8a |
n = 156 | (242) | (7) | (239) | (19) | (1.2) | (1.0) | (1.5) | (20.0) | (0.4) | (2.2) | (1.7) |
range | 30–1113 | 0–35 | 1036–1975 | 92–186 | 8.6–14.6 | 15.5–20.7 | 3–9.5 | 89.3–181.7 | 1.6–3.8 | 9.6–11.9 | 3.9–5.9 |
E. australis | 1005b | 18b | 1449b | 144b | 10.0b | 17.9b | 3.5b | 150.0b | 2.7b | 9.8b | 4.8a |
n = 102 | (281) | (9) | (277) | (28) | (1.3) | (1.3) | (1.4) | (43.9) | (0.7) | (2.1) | (1.7) |
range | 497–1710 | 2–43 | 873–2004 | 91–211 | 6.1–12.3 | 14.4–20.8 | −0.6–6.2 | 71.0–272.5 | 1.5–4.1 | 8.6–10.7 | 3.9–5.9 |
Gorse-Dominated Communities | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | a0 | a1 | a2 | ME | RMSE (kg m−2) |
Hossfeld | 1.3634 | 0.3704 | --- | 0.4792 | 1.0624 |
Korf | 3.0581 | −3.6646 | 0.3291 | 0.5083 | 1.0323 |
Bertalanffy–Richards | 8.1410 | 0.0522 | 0.8504 | 0.5073 | 1.0333 |
High Heath-Dominated Communities | |||||
Model | a0 | a1 | a2 | ME | RMSE (kg m−2) |
Hossfeld | 2.8215 | 0.2965 | --- | 0.7321 | 0.8801 |
Korf | 5.1644 | −6.5425 | 0.2070 | 0.7538 | 0.8436 |
Bertalanffy–Richards | 9.6599 | 0.0498 | 1.2765 | 0.7529 | 0.8453 |
Gorse-Dominated Communities | ||
---|---|---|
Model | ME | RMSE (kg m−2) |
0.6934 | 0.3949 | |
0.8630 | 0.3949 | |
0.5699 | 0.2382 | |
0.4803 | 0.3426 | |
High Heath-Dominated Communities | ||
Model | ME | RMSE (kg m−2) |
0.8590 | 0.2792 | |
0.9377 | 0.2792 | |
0.7291 | 0.1436 | |
0.7715 | 0.2505 |
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Vega, J.A.; Álvarez-González, J.G.; Arellano-Pérez, S.; Fernández, C.; Ruiz-González, A.D. Site Quality Models and Fuel Load Dynamic Equation Systems Disaggregated by Size Fractions and Vegetative States in Gorse and High Heath Shrublands in Galicia (NW Spain). Fire 2024, 7, 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7040126
Vega JA, Álvarez-González JG, Arellano-Pérez S, Fernández C, Ruiz-González AD. Site Quality Models and Fuel Load Dynamic Equation Systems Disaggregated by Size Fractions and Vegetative States in Gorse and High Heath Shrublands in Galicia (NW Spain). Fire. 2024; 7(4):126. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7040126
Chicago/Turabian StyleVega, José A., Juan Gabriel Álvarez-González, Stéfano Arellano-Pérez, Cristina Fernández, and Ana Daría Ruiz-González. 2024. "Site Quality Models and Fuel Load Dynamic Equation Systems Disaggregated by Size Fractions and Vegetative States in Gorse and High Heath Shrublands in Galicia (NW Spain)" Fire 7, no. 4: 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7040126