Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geochronology of the Spring Creek Drainage along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Research
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Stratigraphy
3.2. Radiocarbon Dating
3.2.1. Macy Locality 100 Profile B
3.2.2. Macy Locality 100 Profile C
3.2.3. Macy Locality 100 Profile A
3.2.4. Macy Locality 349 Profile A
3.2.5. Macy Locality 349 Profiles B and C
3.2.6. Macy Locality 10 Profiles A and C
3.2.7. Macy Locality 10 Profile B
3.2.8. Macy Locality 10 Core and Isolated Exposure Locations
3.2.9. Macy Locality 350
3.3. Spring Creek Geochronology
4. Discussion
4.1. The Spring Creek Sequence
4.2. Local Archaeological and Paleontological Implications
4.3. Comparison with the Southern High Plains Regional Record
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Radiocarbon Ages
Sample Number | Depth (cmbs) | Fraction Dated | Stratigraphic Unit | Radiocarbon Age 1 | δ13C | Calendar Years 2 | Lab Number 3 | Method 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Macy Locality 100 (Profile A) | ||||||||
* CPMACY100A-02 | 230–231 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,280 ± 140 | −23.2 | 12,464–11,817 | A15795 | C |
* CPMACY100A-02 | 230–231 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,630 ± 150/−145 | −22.2 | 12,758–12,201 | A15795.1 | C |
* CPMACY100A-03 | 265–275 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,630 ± 160/−155 | −17.6 | 12,761–12,196 | A15796 | C |
* CPMACY100A-03 | 265–275 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,300 ± 245/−240 | −18.1 | 12,603–11,654 | A15796.1 | C |
* CPMACY100A-04 | 295–300 | Residue | unit 3 | 9920 ± 155/−150 | −17.7 | 11,691–11,205 | A15797 | C |
* CPMACY100A-04 | 295–300 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,605 ± 570/−535 | −17.9 | 13,100–11,621 | A15797.1 | C |
* CPMACY100A-05 | 335–345 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,280 ± 175/−170 | −18.1 | 12,471–11,759 | A15798 | C |
* CPMACY100A-05 | 335–345 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,730 ± 260/−250 | −17.7 | 13,071–12,197 | A15798.1 | C |
Macy Locality 100 (Profile B) | ||||||||
CPMACY100B-1 | 290–300 | Residue | unit 2 | 3525 ± 170 | −18.6 | 4076–3574 | A15594 | C |
CPMACY100B-1 | 290–300 | Humates | unit 2 | 7560 ± 50 | −18.6 | 8412–8341 | A15594.1 | C |
CMACY100-05 | 324–334 | Residue | unit 1 | 11,010 ± 350/−335 | −17.6 | 13,318–12,623 | A15790 | C |
CMACY100-05 | 324–334 | Humates | unit 1 | 11,125 ± 60 | −18.3 | 13,105–12,934 | A15790.1 | C |
CMACY100-06 | 329–339 | Residue | unit 1 | 9970 ± 310/−295 | −17.8 | 12,418–10,883 | A15791 | C |
CMACY100-06 | 329–339 | Humates | unit 1 | 10,910 ± 55 | −17.9 | 12,881–12,757 | A15791.1 | C |
CMACY100-08 | 340–350 | Residue | unit 1 | 12,190 ± 610/−595 | −17.6 | 15,200–13,505 | A15793 | AMS |
CMACY100-08 | 340–350 | Humates | unit 1 | n/a | - | - | A15793.1 | AMS |
Macy Locality 100 (Profile C) | ||||||||
CPMACY100C-1 | 48–58 | Humates | unit 4 | n/a | - | - | AA109882 | C |
CPMACY100C-1 | 48–58 | Residue | unit 4 | 5915 ± 25 | −18.4 | 6781–6675 | AA109882 | C |
CPMACY100C-2 | 80–85 | Humates | unit 4 | 9390 ± 47 | −16.6 | 10,691–10,566 | AA109883 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-2 | 80–85 | Residue | unit 4 | 6426 ± 34 | −16.6 | 7421–7318 | AA109883 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-3 | 180–185 | Residue | unit 3 | 6756 ± 33 | −21.5 | 7658–7578 | AA109884 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-3 | 180–185 | Humates | unit 3 | 8495 ± 54 | −21.5 | 9535–9478 | AA109884 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-4 | 238–248 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,035 ± 34 | −17.1 | 11,688–11,402 | AA109885 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-4 | 238–248 | Residue | unit 3 | 9008 ± 31 | −17.1 | 10,226–10,186 | AA109885 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-5 | 315–325 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,934 ± 34 | −17.8 | 12,880–12,769 | AA109886 | AMS |
CPMACY100C-5 | 315–325 | Residue | unit 3 | 8402 ± 78 | −19.7 | 9526–9308 | AA109886 | AMS |
Macy Locality 100 (Profile D) | ||||||||
CPMACY100D-1 | 95–97 | Humates | unit 3 | n/a | - | - | AA110854 | AMS |
CPMACY100D-1 | 95–97 | Residue | unit 3 | 1486 ± 19 | −19.1 | 1382–1348 | AA110854 | AMS |
Macy Locality 100 (Isolated Exposure 1) | ||||||||
CMACY100-07 | 148 | Residue | unit 1 | 11,565 ± 60 | −20.2 | 13,485–13,390 | A15792 | AMS |
CMACY100-07 | 148 | Humates | unit 1 | 11,315 ± 295/−285 | −19.8 | 13,480–12,921 | A15792.1 | AMS |
CMACY100-01 | 303 | Residue | unit 1 | 10,280 ± 230/−275 | −20.1 | 12,581–11,652 | A15593 | C |
CMACY100-01 | 303 | Humates | unit 1 | 10,640 ± 285/−275 | −20.8 | 12,877–12,052 | A15593.1 | C |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile A) | ||||||||
CMACY100-09 | 80–90 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,095 ± 175/−170 | −22.4 | 11,941–11,316 | A16134.1 | C |
CMACY100-09 | 80–90 | Residue | unit 3 | 9885 ± 85 | −21.9 | 11,596–11,201 | A16134 | C |
CMACY100-10 | 90–100 | Humates | unit 3 | 9695 ± 45 | −21.3 | 11,201–10,898 | A16135.1 | AMS |
CMACY100-10 | 90–100 | Residue | unit 3 | 9230 ± 130/−125 | −21.3 | 10,560–10,247 | A16135 | AMS |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile B) | ||||||||
CPMACY349A-1 | 58–60 | Humates | unit 5 | 185 ± 25 | −17.3 | 285–148 | AA110855 | AMS |
CPMACY349A-1 | 58–60 | Residue | unit 5 | 3129 ± 20 | −12.5 | 3380–3275 | AA110855 | AMS |
CPMACY349A-2 | 175–185 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | - | AA110856 | AMS |
CPMACY349A-2 | 175–185 | Residue | unit 2 | 13,525 ± 43 | −11.3 | 16,385–16,231 | AA110856 | AMS |
CPMACY349A-3 | 195–205 | Humates | unit 2 | 9008 ± 31 | −22.5 | 10,226–10,186 | AA110857 | AMS |
CPMACY349A-3 | 195–205 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,632 ± 34 | −19.2 | 13,575–13,460 | AA110857 | AMS |
CP5051N5174E-1 | 60–62 | Residue | unit 2 | 10,874 ± 49 | −12.9 | 12,825–12,753 | AA110852 | AMS |
CP5051N5174E-1 | 60–62 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | - | AA110852 | AMS |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile C) | ||||||||
CP5051N5171E-1 | 50–55 | Humates | unit 5 | 435 ± 19 | −15.8 | 510–493 | AA110851 | AMS |
CP5051N5171E-1 | 50–55 | Residue | unit 5 | 1434 ± 46 | −16.5 | 1353–1299 | AA110851 | AMS |
Macy Locality 10 (Core) | ||||||||
CMACY10CORE1-01 | 90–100 | Humates | unit 6 | 1290 ± 85/−80 | −17.1 | 1296–1124 | A15973.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-01 | 90–100 | Residue | unit 6 | 1370 ± 50 | −17.3 | 1344–1180 | A15973 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-02 | 100–110 | Humates | unit 6 | 1720 ± 85 | 1720 | 1711–1531 | A15974.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-02 | 100–110 | Residue | unit 6 | 1235 ± 80 | −17.6 | 1270–1068 | A15974 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-03 | 120–130 | Humates | unit 6 | 1705 ± 85 | 1705 | 1709–1521 | A15975.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-03 | 120–130 | Residue | unit 6 | 1395 ± 55 | −17.1 | 1352–1279 | A15975 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-04 | 130–140 | Humates | unit 6 | 1775 ± 90 | −16.8 | 1747–1543 | A15976.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-04 | 130–140 | Residue | unit 6 | 1475 ± 60 | −17.1 | 1396–1305 | A15976 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-05 | 140–150 | Humates | unit 6 | 2460 ± 115 | −16.8 | 2705–2368 | A15977.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-05 | 140–150 | Residue | unit 6 | 2155 ± 45 | −16.5 | 2300–2053 | A15977 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-06 | 180–190 | Humates | unit 6 | 1980 ± 105/-100 | −16.8 | 2043–1747 | A15978.1 | C |
CMACY10CORE1-06 | 180–190 | Residue | unit 6 | 1930 ± 60 | −16.7 | 1925–1748 | A15978 | C |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile D) | ||||||||
CMacy10D-01 | 140–150 | Humates | unit 6 | 1920 ± 43 | −13.5 | 1887–1747 | AA112505 | AMS |
CMacy10D-01 | 140–150 | Residue | unit 6 | 1797 ± 27 | −16.6 | 1721–1627 | AA112505 | AMS |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile A) | ||||||||
CPMACY10A1-1 | 100–110 | Residue | unit 3 | 9390 ± 115 | −19.6 | 11,057–10,417 | A15634 | C |
CPMACY10A1-1 | 100–110 | Humates | unit 3 | 8190 ± 50 | −20.9 | 9261–9026 | A15634.1 | C |
CPMACY10A1-2 | 120–130 | Residue | unit 3 | 9585 ± 160/−155 | −18.2 | 11,170–10,729 | A15635 | C |
CPMACY10A1-2 | 120–130 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,140 ± 60 | −18.2 | 11,930–11,625 | A15635.1 | C |
CPMACY10A1-3 | 110–120 | Residue | unit 3 | 9180 ± 170/−165 | −17.7 | 10,646–10,185 | A15636 | C |
CPMACY10A1-3 | 110–120 | Humates | unit 3 | 9555 ± 55 | −17.4 | 11,072–10,749 | A15636.1 | C |
CPMACY10A-5 | 162–172 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,690 ± 80 | −22.4 | 12,743–12,623 | ISGS7090 | PC |
CPMACY10A-5 | 162–172 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9220 ± 220 | −20.4 | 10,760–10,160 | ISGS7091 | PC |
CPMACY10A-6 | 200–210 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,830 ± 80 | −23.2 | 12,830–12,728 | ISGS7092 | PC |
CPMACY10A-6 | 200–210 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,140 ± 150 | −21.9 | 11,998–11,356 | ISGS7093 | PC |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile B) | ||||||||
† CPMACY10B-01 | 193–203 | Residue | unit 4 | 6025 ± 95/−90 | −17.3 | 6988–6744 | A16081 | C |
† CPMACY10B-01 | 193–203 | Humates | unit 4 | 5280 ± 175 | −16.5 | 6279–5905 | A16081.1 | C |
CPMACY10B-02 | 218–228 | Residue | unit 4 | 5870 ± 100 | −17.7 | 6830–6554 | A16082 | C |
CPMACY10B-02 | 218–228 | Humates | unit 4 | 5990 ± 45 | −16.6 | 6888–6749 | A16082.1 | C |
CPMACY10B-03 | 280–290 | Residue | unit 4 | 5705 ± 165/−160 | −17.2 | 6666–6312 | A16083 | C |
CPMACY10B-03 | 280–290 | Humates | unit 4 | 5420 ± 145 | −17 | A16083.1 | C | |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile C) | ||||||||
CPMACY10C-1 | 12–22 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 8100 ± 90 | −17 | 9261–8780 | ISGS7059 | PC |
CPMACY10C-1 | 12–22 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9170 ± 70 | −16.8 | 10,407–10,243 | ISGS7060 | PC |
CPMACY10C-2 | 40–50 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9950 ± 70 | −17.9 | 11,604–11,251 | ISGS7061 | PC |
CPMACY10C-2 | 40–50 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,380 ± 80 | −17 | 12,470–12,059 | ISGS7062 | PC |
CPMACY10C-3 | 100–110 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,260 ± 80 | −21.1 | 12,430–11,818 | ISGS7063 | PC |
CPMACY10C-3 | 100–110 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,720 ± 70 | −19.3 | 12,750–12,679 | ISGS7064 | PC |
CPMACY10C-5 | 118–128 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9510 ± 70 | −22.2 | 11,070–10,663 | ISGS7067 | PC |
CPMACY10C-5 | 118–128 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,150 ± 70 | −21.5 | 11,936–11,625 | ISGS7068 | PC |
CPMACY10C-4 | 183–193 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9570 ± 80 | −22.8 | 11,085–10,754 | ISGS7065 | PC |
CPMACY10C-4 | 183–193 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,480 ± 70 | −22 | 12,622–12,192 | ISGS7066 | PC |
CPMACY10C-6 | 215–225 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,160 ± 70 | −20.5 | 11,940–11,669 | ISGS7069 | PC |
CPMACY10C-6 | 215–225 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,100 ± 80 | −21.3 | 11,825–11,404 | ISGS7070 | PC |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 1) | ||||||||
CMACY10A2-1 | 60–65 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 8550 ± 70 | −18.1 | 9588–9468 | ISGS7094 | PC |
CMACY10A2-1 | 60–65 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9270 ± 70 | −17.5 | 10,565–10,302 | ISGS7095 | PC |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 2) | ||||||||
CMACY10A3-2 | 50–55 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9970 ± 70 | −17.9 | 11,606–11,268 | ISGS7096 | PC |
CMACY10A3-2 | 50–55 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9350 ± 110 | −16.8 | 10,717–10,382 | ISGS7097 | PC |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 3) | ||||||||
CMACY10A4-3 | 80–85 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9250 ± 70 | −15.8 | 10,508–10,294 | ISGS7098 | PC |
CMACY10A4-3 | 80–85 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9530 ± 70 | −14.5 | 11,071–10,700 | ISGS7099 | PC |
CMACY10A4-4 | 97–102 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9410 ± 70 | −15 | 10,732–10,515 | ISGS7100 | PC |
CMACY10A4-4 | 97–102 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9790 ± 150 | −14.5 | 11,595–10,798 | ISGS7101 | PC |
Macy Locality 350 | ||||||||
CPMACY350A-24 | 40–50 | Humates | unit 3 | n/a | - | n/a | AA112506 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-24 | 40–50 | Residue | unit 3 | 7703 ± 33 | −18.1 | 8520–8427 | AA112506 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-01 | 146–150 | Humates | unit 3 | 9746 ± 29 | −20.2 | 11,218–11,176 | AA110858 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-01 | 146–150 | Residue | unit 3 | 8835 ± 26 | −25 | 10,116–9778 | AA110858 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-2 | 208–209 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,070 ± 34 | −16.9 | 11,746–11,406 | AA109887 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-2 | 208–209 | Residue | unit 3 | 9959 ± 41 | −18.5 | 11,600–11,266 | AA109887 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-3 | 242–244 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,116 ± 30 | −19.3 | 11,815–11,649 | AA110859 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-3 | 242–244 | Residue | unit 3 | 7852 ± 31 | −23.8 | 8694–8590 | AA110859 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-4 | 260–262 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,244 ± 31 | −16.8 | 11971–11,835 | AA110860 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-4 | 260–262 | Residue | unit 3 | 9324 ± 27 | −18.3 | 10,574–10,502 | AA110860 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-5 | 267–268 | Humates | unit 3 | n/a | - | - | AA110861 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-5 | 267–268 | Residue | unit 3 | 8915 ± 28 | −20.6 | 10,176–9925 | AA110861 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-6 | 274–275 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,818 ± 31 | −19.5 | 12,760–12,736 | AA110862 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-6 | 274–275 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,728 ± 33 | −21.6 | 12,740–12,710 | AA110862 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-7 | 295–300 | Humates | unit 2 | 10,920 ± 31 | −22.1 | 12,795–12,734 | AA110863 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-7 | 295–300 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,092 ± 32 | −23.3 | 13,092–12,990 | AA110863 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-8 | 315–320 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,038 ± 32 | −22.1 | 13,059–12,909 | AA110864 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-8 | 315–320 | Residue | unit 2 | 10,883 ± 34 | −23.5 | 12,823–12,758 | AA110864 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-9 | 336–341 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,122 ± 32 | −20.9 | 13,102–12,999 | AA110865 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-9 | 336–341 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,025 ± 32 | −22.5 | 13,057–12,896 | AA110865 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-10 | 350–356 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,019 ± 32 | −20.9 | 13,053–12,847 | AA110866 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-10 | 350–356 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,179 ± 35 | −22.5 | 13,156–13,088 | AA110866 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-11 | 390–400 | Humates | unit 2 | 10,778 ± 35 | −21.8 | 12,750–12,729 | AA109888 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-11 | 390–400 | Residue | unit 2 | 10,957 ± 55 | −23.5 | 12,911–12,766 | AA109888 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-12 | 70–075 | Humates | unit 3 | n/a | − | - | AA110867 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-12 | 70–075 | Residue | unit 3 | 9297 ± 29 | −18.3 | 10,565–10,434 | AA110867 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-13 | 85–090 | Humates | unit 3 | 9197 ± 28 | −19.2 | 10,398–10,260 | AA110868 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-13 | 85–090 | Residue | unit 3 | 9322 ± 31 | −20.6 | 10,575–10,499 | AA110868 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-14 | 290–290 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,350 ± 37 | −24.1 | 12,446–12,043 | AA110869 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-14 | 290–290 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,447 ± 31 | −27.7 | 12,591–12,198 | AA110869 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-15 | 336–341 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,156 ± 51 | −21.9 | 13,161–13,005 | AA110870 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-15 | 336–341 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,067 ± 32 | −22.2 | 13,075–12,932 | AA110870 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-16 | 350–351 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,528 ± 37 | −24.1 | 13,446–13,351 | AA110871 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-16 | 350–351 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,073 ± 33 | −24.4 | 13,080–12,934 | AA110871 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-17 | 355–356 | Humates | unit 2 | 11,154 ± 32 | −22.6 | 13,116–13,073 | AA110872 | AMS |
CPMACY350A-17 | 355–356 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,184 ± 35 | −23.4 | 13,157–13,090 | AA110872 | AMS |
Macy Locality 370 | ||||||||
CPMACY370A-1 | 330–340 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | - | AA110873 | AMS |
CPMACY370A-1 | 330–340 | Residue | unit 2 | 4103 ± 54 | −22.5 | 4805–4524 | AA110873 | AMS |
CPMACY370A-2 | 375–385 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | - | AA110874 | AMS |
CPMACY370A-2 | 375–385 | Residue | unit 2 | 10,960 ± 220 | −21 | 13,090–12,743 | AA110874 | AMS |
CPMACY370A-3 | 415–425 | Humates | unit 1 | n/a | − | - | AA110875 | AMS |
CPMACY370A-3 | 415–425 | Residue | unit 1 | 10,699 ± 44 | −21 | 12,734–12,632 | AA110875 | AMS |
Macy Locality 373 | ||||||||
CPMACY373A-1 | 327–338 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | n/a | AA112507 | AMS |
CPMACY373A-1 | 327–338 | Residue | unit 2 | 10,256 ± 51 | −21.2 | 12,045–11,826 | AA112507 | AMS |
CPMACY373A-2 | 376–390 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | n/a | AA112508 | AMS |
CPMACY373A-2 | 376–390 | Residue | unit 2 | 9295 ± 41 | −20.9 | 10,571–10,420 | AA112508 | AMS |
CPMACY373A-3 | 417–426 | Humates | unit 2 | n/a | - | n/a | AA12509 | AMS |
CPMACY373A-3 | 417–426 | Residue | unit 2 | 8875 ± 43 | −19.9 | 10,147–9904 | AA12509 | AMS |
Sample Number | Depth (cmbs) | Stratigraphic Unit | Radiocarbon Age 1 | δ13C | Calendar Years 2 | Lab Number 3 | Method 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Macy Locality 100 (Profile B) | |||||||
CMACY100-02 | 287.5 | unit 2 | 11,305 ± 65 | −24.9 | 13,291–13,119 | A15934 | AMS |
CMACY100-26 | 235.5 | unit 2 | 11,212 ± 48 | −25.1 | 13,161–13,125 | AA109875 | AMS |
CMACY100-03 | 234.5 | unit 2 | 11,290 ± 65 | −25.8 | 13,237–13,115 | A15935 | AMS |
CMACY100-23 | 227 | unit 2 | 11,490 ± 36 | −24 | 13,410–13,317 | AA109874 | AMS |
CMACY100-28 | 222.5 | unit 2 | 11,519 ± 36 | −23.7 | 13,436–13,344 | AA109877 | AMS |
CMACY100-43 | 212 | unit 2 | 11,476 ± 39 | −24 | 13,409–13,309 | AA109878 | AMS |
CMACY100-27 | 195 | unit 2 | 11,469 ± 35 | −25.7 | 13,408–13,305 | AA109876 | AMS |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile A) | |||||||
CMACY349-2 | 80 | unit 3 | 9664 ± 43 | −24.7 | 11,184–10,879 | AA109880 | AMS |
CMACY349-4 | 80 | unit 3 | 8997 ± 31 | −24.2 | 10,225–10,179 | AA109881 | AMS |
Sample Number | Depth (cmbs) | Stratigraphic Unit | Radiocarbon Age 1 | δ13C | Calendar Years 2 | Lab Number 3 | C:N | Method 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Macy Locality 100 (Profile B) | ||||||||
TTU-A1-167582 | 157 | unit 2 | 11,572 ± 65 | −10 | 13,491–13,355 | AA109889 | 3.3 | MW |
TTU-A1-174242 | 307 | unit 1 | 11,556 ± 45 | −10.4 | 13,469–13,390 | NZA34103 | —/ 5 | MW |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile A) | ||||||||
TTU-A1-260510 | 20 | unit 3 | 10,390 ± 57 | −10 | 12,470–12,102 | AA109332 | 3.4 | U |
TTU-A1-260511 | 45 | unit 3 | 10,468 ± 58 | −10.2 | 12,616–12,193 | AA109333 | 3.5 | U |
Appendix B. Field Descriptions
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–3 | unit 5 | A | modern soil. |
3–145 | C | sand and silt sandy loam (10YR7/1); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | |
145–155 | unit 2 | clay mud and gravel (Gley 1 8/2d); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | |
155–245 | silty loam mud (10YR5/1); redox along rootlets; gradual and smooth lower boundary. | ||
245–279 | light gray mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
279–281 | sand and gravel. | ||
281–299 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
299–302 | sand and gravel. | ||
302–311 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
311–316 | sand and gravel. | ||
316–336 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
336–339 | sand and gravel. | ||
339–350 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
350–386 | unit 1 | gravel (10YR5/1 m; 7/1d) poorly sorted Triassic bedrock and Ogallala Formation gravels. | |
386–396 | silty loam dark gray mud (10YR5/2); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
396–416 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2 m) with redox along rootlets, abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
416–448 | silty loam mud (10YR6/2) with redox along rootlets; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
448 | Triassic bedrock. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–48 | unit 5 | sandy loam (7.5YR5/2 m, 6/2 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; common clasts (~1 cm size), common calcium carbonate nodules; abrupt and wavy lower boundary. |
48–95 | silty loam (10YR7/1 m, 8/2 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; common clasts (~1 cm size), common medium roots, common calcium carbonate nodules, abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | |
95–149 | stratified gravel lenses (1–3 cm thick) of Triassic and Ogallala Formation gravels (10YR8/2 m, 8/2 d). | |
149–260 | unit 3 | silty clay loam (10YR8/2 m, 8/2 d) mud with a strong angular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary. |
260–262 | sandy gravel lens consisting of Triassic redbed sandstone clasts (~2 cm size). | |
262–308 | silty clay loam (10YR8/2 m, 8/2 d) mud with a strong angular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary. | |
308–327 | silty clay (Gley 1 5/nm, 6/10 d) mud with a strong subangular blocky structure, gradual and smooth lower boundary. | |
327–430 | unit 2 | silty clay loam (Gley 1 4/nm, 5/nd) mud with a strong subangular blocky structure, abrupt and wavy lower boundary. |
430–590 | unit 1 | gravel (10YR5/1 m; 7/1 d) poorly sorted Triassic bedrock and Ogallala Formation gravels. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–90 | unit 5 | mostly muddy sand; massive in places; finely bedded in others; common fine chunks of carbonate (Spring Creek beds); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. |
90–150 | unit 3 | bedded muds sandy mud (10YR 5/2 d); locally visible discontinuous lenses of medium to coarse sand in lower 20 cm. Massive (maybe some weak bedding); abrupt and lower boundary. |
150–285 | unit 2 | laminated fine sands, gravel, and mud; many redox rootlet features lower mud (10YR 5/2 sm) with a few lenses of medium sand; scattered fine gravel, especially in lower half. |
285–375 | unit 1 | fines with a few concentrated gravel zones: Basal gravel ~30 cm thick; reworked and poorly sorted Ogallala and Triassic clasts; interbeds of sand and fine gravel, gray muds (10YR5/2 d), and then another but more discontinuous gravel up to 30 cm thick. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–40 | unit 6 | sandy loam (7.5YR4/2 m), with a moderate subangular blocky structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; roots common |
34–40 | gravel lens; well-grounded clasts (1–2 mm) | |
40–140 | silty loam (10YR5/1 m), with a moderate subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; few roots | |
140–180 | silty clay (Gley 1 5/nm), with a moderate subangular blocky structure |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–23 | unit 5 | A | loam soil (10YR5/3d, 6/3 m) with a medium prismatic structure; abrupt wavy erosional lower boundary; many fine and medium roots. |
23–48 | Bk | silty clay loam soil (10YR6/2 d, 8/2 m) with a medium prismatic structure; abrupt and wavy lower boundary; many fine and medium roots and few fine carbonates on ped faces. | |
48–85 | unit 4 | Ab1 | silty clay (10YR3/1 m, 5/1 d) soil with medium prismatic structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; a few faint carbonates as soft masses. |
85–100 | Bkb1 | silty clay (10YR5/1 d, 4/1 m) soil with medium prismatic structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; few faint carbonates on ped faces. | |
100–128 | Cb1 | silty loam mud (10YR8/1 d, 6/1 m) with a massive structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; many fine carbonate and silicate gravel. | |
128–180 | silty loam mud (10YR8/1 d, 6/1 m) with medium subangular blocky structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary; common silicate gravel and fine carbonate gravel. | ||
180–238 | unit 3 | sandy clay loam bedded muds (10YR7/1 d; 6/1 m light layers), (10YR6/1d, 5/1 m dark layers) with a massive structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
238–255 | clay loam mud (10YR4/1 d, 3/1 m) with a medium subangular blocky structure, gradual and smooth lower boundary; many carbonates on ped faces. | ||
255–325 | silty clay loam mud (10YR5/1 d, 4/1 m; 1 msbk); many soft mass carbonates and coarse nodules, few fine silicate gravels. | ||
325–400 | unit 2 | loamy sand (10YR8/1 d, 7/1 m) with a massive structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary; common fine and medium gravels. | |
400–435 | unit 1 | gravel; Ogallala and Triassic red bed clasts up to 10 cm; poorly sorted. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–5 | unit 5 | A | silty clay loam soil (10YR6/2 m) with a very fine granular structure; clear and smooth lower boundary. |
5–20 | Bk | silty clay loam (10YR8/2 m) with a coarse subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary. | |
20–108 | C | clay loam (10YR8/2 m); with a medium subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary. | |
108–110 | unit 3 | clay loam dark mud (10YR2/1 m;); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
110–143 | clay loam laminated sands and silts (10YR8/2 m); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
143–148 | clay loam dark mud (10YR2/1 m;); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
148–162 | clay loam laminated sands and silts (10YR8/2 m); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
162–166 | clay loam dark mud (10YR2/1 m;); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
166–230 | clay loam laminated sands and silts (10YR8/2 m); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
230–231 | clay loam dark mud (10YR2/1 m;); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
231–256 | clay loam laminated sands and silts (10YR8/2 m); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
256–265 | clay loam laminated dark muds (2.5Y3/1–4/1 m); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
265–305 | clay loam mud (10YR5/1 m) with medium prismatic structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
305–345 | clay loam mud (2.5Y3/1–4/1 m); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | ||
345–400 | sandy clay loam laminated very fine, fine, and medium sand; coarse (2.5Y8/2 and 2.5Y7/3) and (2.5Y6/8) redoximorphic staining in root channels; few fine-medium roots. | ||
400 | Triassic bedrock. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–100 | cut and fill channel fill sandy loam (10YR7/2 d); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | |
0–80 | unit 5 | laminated very fine sands (10YR7/2 d); abrupt and wavy lower boundary. |
80–220 | unit 3 | bedded fluvio-lacustrine silty clay muds, light gray (10YR8/1 d) and dark gray (Gley 1 2.5n); layers of carbonized plant remains, krotovina present. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–60 | unit 5 | sandy loam colluvium (7.5 yr6/4 m; 7/4 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; bedded gravels (clasts ~1 cm) and sand; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. |
60–120 | unit 3 | alternating layers of light gray silty clay (Gley 1 7/10 ym, 7/nd) 10–15 cm thick and dark gray (Gley 1 5/nm, 6/nd) muds 1–3 cm thick with moderate subangular structure; abrupt and smooth boundaries. |
120–230 | unit 2 | silty clay loam (Gley 1 8/10 ym; 8/nd) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; two dark gray mud layers (Gley 1 2.5/nm, 3/nd); abrupt and smooth boundaries; redox along roots; common gastropods. |
230–250 | unit 1 | gravel (10YR5/1 m; 7/1 d) poorly sorted Triassic bedrock and Ogallala Formation gravels. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–80 | unit 5 | sandy loam colluvium (7.5 yr6/4 m; 7/4 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; bedded gravels (clasts ~1 cm) and sand, abrupt and smooth lower boundary |
80–170 | unit 3 | silty clay loam (Gley 1 8/10 ym; 8/nd) with a moderate subangular blocky structure |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–80 | unit 3 | A1b1 | mud (2.5Y 3.5/2 sm) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; common 7–10 cm Fe oxide coats and bodies (7.5YR 4/3 sm); few carbonized plant remains; upper boundary abrupt and wavy due to erosion, locally marked by stone line; gradual and smooth lower boundary. |
80–162 | A2b1 | mud (2.5Y 5/1 sm) very common 7–10 cm Fe oxide coats and bodies (7.5YR 4/6sm); few carbonized plant remains; common fine silica bodies; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
162–172 | bedded muds light gray (2.5Y 5/2 m) dark gray (2.5Y/3.5/1 m); common fine silica bodies; common carbonized plant remains; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
172–230+ | Ab2 | mud (2.5Y 3.5/2 sm); very common 7–10 cm Fe oxide coats and bodies (7.5YR 4/6 sm); strong subangular blocky structure. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|
0–12 | unit 5 | red sandy gravel (5YR6/6); abrupt and wavy lower boundary erosional disconformity. |
12–50 | unit 3 | silty clay loam mud (Gley 1 4/nm, 2.5/nd) with a strong angular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; many snails; common rootlets; upper boundary wavy due to erosion. |
50–100 | silty clay loam diatomaceous gray mud (Gley 1 6/nm, 4/n) with a moderate angular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; snails common; banding (light and dark layers <2 cm). | |
100–128 | silty clay diatomaceous dark gray mud (Gley 1 3/nm, 4/nd); with a moderate angular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; snails common; discontinuous banding (light and dark gray layers). | |
128–183 | silty clay loam diatomaceous gray mud (Gley 1 4/nm, 7/nd); with a moderate subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; snails common; banding (light and dark gray layers). | |
183–230 | sandy clay loam (Gley 1 4/nm, 5/nd) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; abrupt and wavy lower boundary; caliche clasts common (2 cm). | |
230–245 | unit 1 | sandy clay loam (5YR7/2 m, 5YR7/2 d); with a massive structure; clasts common (5 cm). |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–14 | unit 6 | A | loam soil (10YR4/3 m, 5/3 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; many fine and medium roots. |
14–53 | Bk1 | loam soil (10YR4/4 m, 5/4 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; many fine and medium roots. | |
53–78 | Bk2 | loam soil (10YR4/4 m, 5/4 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; common fine roots; few fine carbonate gravels. | |
78–111 | Bk3 | fine sandy loam soil (10YR4/4 m; 5/4 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; common fine roots; few fine carbonate gravels. | |
111–171 | mix unit 4/unit 2 | BCk1 | very fine sandy loam (10YR5/4 m; 6/4 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; common fine roots; discontinuous laminae with alternating light to dark organic bands. |
171–193 | BCk2 | loam (10YR4/3 m, 5/3 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; common fine roots; discontinuous laminae with alternating light to dark organic bands. | |
193–218 | unit 4 | 2Bkb | sandy clay (10YR3/1 m, 5/2 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; gradual and smooth lower boundary; common distinct calcium carbonate on ped faces. |
218–280 | 2Btk1b | sandy clay loam (10YR4/2 m, 4/2 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; clear and smooth lower boundary; many prominent calcium carbonates on ped faces, common snail shells. | |
280–345+ | 2Btk2b | clay loam (10YR4/2 m, 4/2 d) with a moderate subangular blocky structure; common and discontinuous clay films; few snail shells. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz. | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–5 | unit 6 | loose brown surface sand. | |
5–10 | A | sandy mud (10YR 5/3 d); with a weak subangular blocky structure; clear lower boundary. | |
10–65 | Bw | sandy mud (10YR 5/2 d) with a moderate prismatic structure; common fine carbonates; clear lower boundary. | |
65–80 | A1b1 | mud (10YR 4/2 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. | |
80–120 | loose sand; filled rodent burrow? | ||
120–180 | A2b1 | mud (10YR 4/2 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. | |
180–228 | A3b1 | mud (10YR 5/1 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. | |
228–258 | A4b1 | mud (2.5Y 5/1 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. | |
258–285 | Cb1 | sandy mud (10YR 7/1 d) with a strong subangular blocky structure; clear lower boundary. | |
285–400 | unit 4 | Ab2 | mud (2.5Y 5/1 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. |
400–440 | Cb1 | sandy mud (10YR 7/1 d) with a strong subangular blocky structure; clear lower boundary. | |
440–480 | sandy mud (10YR 6/2 d) w/lenses of silt (10YR7/1 d); clear lower boundary. | ||
480–610 | unit 3 | mud (10YR 5/2 d) with a prismatic structure; clear lower boundary. | |
610–660 | sandy mud (2.5Y 6/2 d) with a massive structure; calcareous; clear lower boundary. | ||
660–695 | mud (10YR 5/3 d) with a strong subangular blocky structure; clear lower boundary. | ||
695–765 | sandy mud (2.5Y 7/2 d) with a massive structure; calcareous; clear lower boundary. | ||
765–800 | loamy fine sand (2.5Y 6/2 sm) with a massive structure; clear lower boundary. | ||
800–840 | fine sandy mud (10YR 6/3 sm) w/fragments of Triassic mud; massive structure. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
0–10 | unit 6 | A | silty loam (10YR5/2 d) loose, abrupt, and smooth lower boundary. |
10–40 | unit 5 | C | silty clay loam (2.5Y 4/2 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. |
40–62 | unit 4 | Ab1 | silty mud (2.5Y 4.5/1 d) with a strong angular blocky structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. |
62–70 | Cb1 | silty clay (2.5Y 4/2 d) with a weak subangular blocky structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
70–80 | Ab2 | mud (10YR 3/1 sm, some pockets of tan SiC) with a strong angular blocky structure; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
80–85 | Cb2 | silty loam (10YR 5/2 sm) with a massive structure, irregular pockets mixed with muds above and below; abrupt, irregular lower boundary. | |
85–90 | Ab3 | mud (10YR 3/2 sm) with a strong subangular blocky structure; abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | |
90–108 | ACb4 | silty loam (mixed 10YR 5/2 and 3/2 sm) massive structure; common fine krotovinas; clear and smooth lower boundary. | |
108–150 | unit 2 | sandy mud (10YR5/3 sm) with a massive structure; 146–150 cm weakly bedded; common medium krototovinas; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | |
150–182 | sandy mud (weakly bedded light gray-brown 10YR 5/3 sm and 2.5Y 7/3 sm) with a massive structure; common medium krotovinas; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
182–188 | sandy mud (weakly bedded med gray 2.5Y 5/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
188–209 | silty clay (bedded tan 2.5Y 7/3 sm, 1–2 mm disc black lens 197 cm; 2–3 mm disc wavy black lens 207 cm); few faint krotovinas; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
209–210 | mud lens, black; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
210–213 | mud lens (med gray 2.5Y 5/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
213–215 | silty clay (tan 2.5Y 7/3 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
215–218 | silty clay (med gray 2.5Y 5/2 sm; w 1–2 mm disc wavy black lens); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
218–218.5 | black mud lens. | ||
218.5–221 | silty clay (gray 2.5Y 5/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
221–222 | silty clay (tan 2.5Y 7/3 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
222–223.5 | silty clay (2.5Y 5/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
223.5–224 | silty clay, dk gray 2.5Y 4/2 sm; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
224–227 | silty clay (2.5Y 6/2 sm) clear and smooth lower boundary. | ||
227–230 | silty clay (2.5Y 7/3s m) clear and smooth lower boundary. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
230–234 | silty clay (2.5Y 5/2 sm) clear and smooth lower boundary. | ||
234–236 | silty clay (2.5Y 7/3 sm;) nearly continuous 1 mm black lens; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
236–240 | silty clay (2.5Y 5/2 sm); clear and smooth lower boundary. | ||
240–241 | silty clay (2.5Y 7/3 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
241–244 | bedded dark gray mud (2.5Y 4/2 sm); abrupt and irregular lower boundary. | ||
244–249 | silty clay (2.5Y 7/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
249–252 | bedded silty clay loam (2.5Y 7/1 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
252–255 | bedded silty clay (2.5Y 5/2 sm) and black; abrupt and irregular lower boundary. | ||
255–261 | bedded silty clay (2.5Y 7/3 sm and tan 2.5Y 7/2 sm; 260–261 cm bedded tan and dk gray 2.5Y 4/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
261–263 | bedded mud (black and dk tan/gray 2.5Y 6/2 and 4/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
263–268 | silty clay (tan/gray 2.5Y 6/2 sm; 1 mm disc black lens 267 cm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
268–269 | black lens <1 cm thick. | ||
269–270 | silty clay (off-white 2.5Y 8/3 sm); with a weak structure; few carbonate fragments; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
270–273 | silty clay (2.5Y 7/3 sm) abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
273–274 | silty clay (2.5Y 5/1 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
274–275 | dark gray lens (2.5Y 3/1 sm) <1 cm thick; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
275–276 | silty clay (off-white 2.5Y 7/2 sm); few carbonate fragments; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
276–281 | bedded (tan 2.5Y 7/3 sm and med gray 2.5Y 6/1 sm) each ~1 cm thick; abrupt and smooth lower boundaries. | ||
281–288 | silty clay (tan 2.5Y 7/3 sm, 286–288 faintly bedded tan and light gray); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
288–289 | mud lens (dk gray 2.5Y 5.5/1 sm) abrupt and smooth lower lens. | ||
289–290 | silty clay (tan 2.5Y 7/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
290–297 | mud (dark gray 2.5Y 5.5/1 sm); few thin silicate carbonate lenses; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
297–330 | massive mud (2.5Y 4/1sm) with a strong subangular blocky structure; few faint tan silty clay lenses 321–324 cm; zone likely mixed; lower boundary abrupt and irregular due to mixing. |
Depth, cm | Stratigraphy | Soil Horiz | Description (m = Moist, d = Dry) |
---|---|---|---|
330–336 | sandy mud (2.5Y 4/2) common fine carbonates or silica bodies; mud from above likely mixed in with silty clay; abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
336–338 | mud (2.5Y 3/1); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
338–340 | mud gray (2.5Y 4/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
340–342 | mud (2.5Y 3/1); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
342–347 | mud (2.5Y 4/2 sm); abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
347–348 | mud (2.5Y 3/1) abrupt and smooth lower boundary. | ||
348–357 | bedded 1-2 cm lenses med gray and gray tan mud. | ||
357–360 | silty clay (2.5Y 6.5/1 m) with a few 1 mm dark gray lenses. | ||
360–362 | mud dark gray. | ||
362–375 | silty clay (2.5Y 5.5/2 sm) gradual and smooth lower boundary. | ||
375–390 | mud (2.5Y 4.5/2 m) lower 5 cm mixed with dark gray from below; abrupt and irregular lower boundary. | ||
390–400 | mud (2.5Y 3.5/1 m) with a massive structure; few fine silica bodies; abrupt and wavy lower boundary. | ||
400–420+ | unit 1 | gravel with some mud. |
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Sample Number | Depth (cmbs) | Fraction Dated | Stratigraphic Unit | Radiocarbon Age 1 | δ13C | Calendar Years 2 | Lab Number 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Accepted Radiocarbon Dates—Organic Sediments | |||||||
Macy Locality 100 (Profile A) | |||||||
* CPMACY100A-02 | 230–231 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,630 ± 150/−145 | −22.2 | 12,758–12,201 | A15795.1 |
* CPMACY100A-03 | 265–275 | Residue | unit 3 | 10,630 ± 160/−155 | −17.6 | 12,761–12,196 | A15796 |
* CPMACY100A-05 | 335–345 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,730 ± 260/−250 | −17.7 | 13,071–12,197 | A15798.1 |
Macy Locality 100 (Profile C) | |||||||
CPMACY100C-3 | 180–185 | Humates | unit 3 | 8495 ± 54 | −21.5 | 9535–9478 | AA109884 |
CPMACY100C-4 | 238–248 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,035 ± 34 | −17.1 | 11,688–11,402 | AA109885 |
CPMACY100C-5 | 315–325 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,934 ± 34 | −17.8 | 12,880–12,769 | AA109886 |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile B) | |||||||
CPMACY349A-1 | 45–55 | Residue | unit 5 | 3129 ± 20 | −12.5 | 3380–3275 | AA110855 |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile C) | |||||||
CP5051N5171E-1 | 99325+ | Residue | unit 5 | 1434 ± 46 | −16.5 | 1353–1299 | AA110851 |
Macy Locality 10 (Core) | |||||||
CMACY10CORE1-01 | 90–100 | Residue | unit 6 | 1370 ± 50 | −17.3 | 1344–1180 | A15973 |
CMACY10CORE1-02 | 100–110 | Humates | unit 6 | 1720 ± 85 | −17.2 | 1711–1531 | A15974.1 |
CMACY10CORE1-03 | 120–130 | Humates | unit 6 | 1705 ± 85 | −17.5 | 1709–1521 | A15975.1 |
CMACY10CORE1-06 | 180–190 | Humates | unit 6 | 1980 ± 105/−100 | −16.8 | 2043–1747 | A15978.1 |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile A) | |||||||
CPMACY10A-1 | 100–110 | Residue | unit 3 | 9390 ± 115 | −19.6 | 11,057–10,417 | A15634 |
CPMACY10A-2 | 120–130 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,140 ± 60 | −18.2 | 11,930–11,625 | A15635.1 |
CPMACY10A-3 | 110–120 | Humates | unit 3 | 9555 ± 55 | −17.4 | 11,072–10,749 | A15636.1 |
CPMACY10A-5 | 170–180 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,690 ± 80 | −22.4 | 12,743–12,623 | ISGS7090 |
CPMACY10A-6 | 200–210 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 10,830 ± 80 | −23.2 | 12,830–12,728 | ISGS7092 |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile B) | |||||||
† CPMACY10B-01 | 193–203 | Residue | unit 4 | 6025 ± 95/−90 | −17.3 | 6988–6744 | A16081 |
Macy Locality 10 (Profile C) | |||||||
CPMACY10C-1 | 12–22 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9170 ± 70 | −16.8 | 10,407–10,243 | ISGS7060 |
CPMACY10C-2 | 40–50 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,380 ± 80 | −17 | 12,470–12,059 | ISGS7062 |
CPMACY10C-4 | 183–193 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 10,480 ± 70 | −22 | 12,622–12,192 | ISGS7066 |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 1) | |||||||
CMACY10-1 | 60–65 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9270 ± 70 | 17.5 | 10,565–10,302 | ISGS7095 |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 2) | |||||||
CMACY10−2 | 50–55 | Pyrolysis Volatile | unit 3 | 9970 ± 70 | −17.9 | 11,606–11,268 | ISGS7096 |
Macy Locality 10 (Isolated Exposure 3) | |||||||
CMACY10-3 | 80–85 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9530 ± 70 | −14.5 | 11,071–10,700 | ISGS7099 |
CMACY10-4 | 97–102 | Prolysis Residue | unit 3 | 9790 ± 150 | −14.5 | 11,595–10,798 | ISGS7101 |
Macy Locality 350 (Profile A) | |||||||
CPMACY350A-13 | 085–090 | Residue | unit 3 | 9322 ± 31 | −20.6 | 10,575–10,499 | AA110868 |
CPMACY350A-3 | 242–244 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,116 ± 30 | −19.3 | 11,815–11,649 | AA110859 |
CPMACY350A-4 | 260–262 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,244 ± 31 | −16.8 | 11,971–11,835 | AA110860 |
CPMACY350A-6 | 260–262 | Humates | unit 3 | 10,818 ± 31 | −19.5 | 12,760–12,736 | AA110862 |
CPMACY350A-7 | 295–300 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,092 ± 32 | −23.3 | 13,092–12,990 | AA110863 |
CPMACY350A-10 | 350–356 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,179 ± 35 | −22.5 | 13,156–13,088 | AA110866 |
CPMACY350A-17 | 355–356 | Residue | unit 2 | 11,184 ± 35 | −23.4 | 13,157–13,090 | AA110872 |
Accepted Radiocarbon Dates—Charcoal | |||||||
Macy Locality 100 (Profile B) | |||||||
CMACY100-02 | 275–285 | - | unit 2 | 11,305 ± 65 | −24.9 | 13,291–13,119 | A15934 |
CMACY100-03 | 210–220 | - | unit 2 | 11,290 ± 65 | −25.8 | 13,237–13,115 | A15935 |
CMACY100-26 | 220–230 | - | unit 2 | 11,212 ± 48 | −25.1 | 13,161–13,125 | AA109875 |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile A) | |||||||
CMACY349-2 | 80 | - | unit 3 | 9664 ± 43 | −24.7 | 11,184–10,879 | AA109880 |
CMACY349-4 | 80 | - | unit 3 | 8997 ± 31 | −24.2 | 10,225–10,179 | AA109881 |
Accepted Radiocarbon Dates—Bone | |||||||
Macy Locality 100 (Profile B) | |||||||
TTU-A1-174242 | 365 | - | unit 1 | 11,556 ± 45 | −10.4 | 13,469–13,390 | NZA34103 |
Macy Locality 349 (Profile A) | |||||||
TTU-A1-260510 | 20 | - | unit 3 | 10,390 ± 57 | −10 | 12,470–12,102 | AA109332 |
TTU-A1-260511 | 45 | - | unit 3 | 10,468 ± 58 | −10.2 | 12,616–12,193 | AA109333 |
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Johnson, E.; Hurst, S.; Moretti, J.A. Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geochronology of the Spring Creek Drainage along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas. Quaternary 2021, 4, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat4030019
Johnson E, Hurst S, Moretti JA. Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geochronology of the Spring Creek Drainage along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas. Quaternary. 2021; 4(3):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat4030019
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohnson, Eileen, Stance Hurst, and John A. Moretti. 2021. "Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geochronology of the Spring Creek Drainage along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas" Quaternary 4, no. 3: 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat4030019
APA StyleJohnson, E., Hurst, S., & Moretti, J. A. (2021). Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Geochronology of the Spring Creek Drainage along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment, Northwest Texas. Quaternary, 4(3), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat4030019