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Abstract

Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Chitosan-Based Materials for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters †

by
Andreea Miron
1,2,*,
Iulia Neblea
1,
Marinela-Victoria Dumitru
1,
Ana-Lorena Neagu
1,
Artur J. M. Valente
3,
Anamaria Zaharia
1,
Ana-Mihaela Gavrila
1,
Tanta-Verona Iordache
1 and
Anita-Laura Chiriac
1,*
1
INCDCP-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
2
Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
3
Department of Chemistry CQC, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 19th International Symposium “Priorities of Chemistry for a Sustainable Development”, Bucharest, Romania, 11–13 October 2023.
Proceedings 2023, 90(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090027
Published: 11 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of 19th International Symposium “Priorities of Chemistry for a Sustainable Development”)
Versions Notes

1. Introduction

Heavy metals are considered toxic pollutants as they are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms, causing various adverse effects such as cancer, neurological disorders, and damage to the kidneys, liver, and other organs. Additionally, heavy metals can also alter the physical and chemical properties of water, making it unsuitable for consumption or agricultural use. The negative impact of heavy metals on water has led to the development of various technologies for their removal and remediation from contaminated water sources [1,2]. Chitin, a naturally occurring polymer found in the shells of crustaceans like shrimp and crabs, is the source of the biopolymer chitosan. Due to its ability to adsorb heavy metals, dyes, and organic molecules from contaminated water, it has generated interest for wastewater treatment. Various wastewater treatment processes, including coagulation–flocculation, membrane filtration, and adsorption, can use chitosan-based materials as adsorbents, flocculants, and membranes. Chitosan is an promising material for efficient and long-lasting wastewater treatment because of its characteristics, including its high cationic charge density and biodegradability [3,4]. The main objective of the present research is to develop novel polymeric materials utilizing chitosan as a base for the purpose of adsorbing heavy metals from wastewaters.

2. Materials and Method

Chitosan was synthesized through the chemical deacetylation of chitin, which is a cost-effective process that does not involve the extensive use of reagents.

3. Results

Novel chitosan-based adsorbents were obtained, and innovative methods were used to evaluate the adsorption capacities of the materials. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the physical, morphological, and textural characteristics were determined. Adsorption capacity over time was observed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). For insight into how synthesis parameters affected the final material properties, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used.

4. Conclusions

The results demonstrate that the obtained innovative materials possess an exceptional adsorption performance.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, A.-L.N. and T.-V.I.; methodology, A.M. and A.-L.N.; validation, A.J.M.V., A.-L.C. and T.-V.I.; formal analysis, I.N., A.-M.G., A.Z., M.-V.D. and A.-L.N.; investigation, A.M. and A.-L.N.; writing—original draft preparation, A.M.; writing—review and editing, T.-V.I.; supervision, A.-L.C.; project administration, T.-V.I. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization through the development system Subprogram 1.2-Institutional performance-Projects to finance excellence in RDI, contract no. 15PFE/2021 and project. no. 2N/03.01.2023 (PN 23.06.01.01. AQUAMAT).

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this abstract.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Qasem, N.A.A.; Mohammed, R.H.; Lawal, D.U. Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater: A comprehensive and critical review. NPJ Clean Water 2021, 4, 36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  2. Mitra, S.; Chakraborty, A.J.; Tareq, A.M.; Emran, T.B.; Nainu, F.; Khusro, A.; Idris, A.M.; Khandaker, M.U.; Osman, H.; Alhumaydhi, F.A.; et al. Impact of heavy metals on the environment and human health: Novel therapeutic insights to counter the toxicity. J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 2022, 34, 101865. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  3. Kumirska, J.; Czerwicka, M.; Kaczynski, Z.; Bychowska, A.; Brzozowski, K.; Thoming, J.; Stepnowski, P. Application of Spectroscopic Methods for Structural Analysis of Chitin and Chitosan. Mar. Drugs 2010, 8, 1567–1636. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  4. Kou, S.; Peters, L.; Mucalo, M. Chitosan: A review of molecular structure, bioactivities and interactions with the human body and micro-organisms. Carbohydr. Polym. 2022, 282, 1191132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Miron, A.; Neblea, I.; Dumitru, M.-V.; Neagu, A.-L.; Valente, A.J.M.; Zaharia, A.; Gavrila, A.-M.; Iordache, T.-V.; Chiriac, A.-L. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Chitosan-Based Materials for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters. Proceedings 2023, 90, 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090027

AMA Style

Miron A, Neblea I, Dumitru M-V, Neagu A-L, Valente AJM, Zaharia A, Gavrila A-M, Iordache T-V, Chiriac A-L. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Chitosan-Based Materials for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters. Proceedings. 2023; 90(1):27. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090027

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miron, Andreea, Iulia Neblea, Marinela-Victoria Dumitru, Ana-Lorena Neagu, Artur J. M. Valente, Anamaria Zaharia, Ana-Mihaela Gavrila, Tanta-Verona Iordache, and Anita-Laura Chiriac. 2023. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Chitosan-Based Materials for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters" Proceedings 90, no. 1: 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090027

APA Style

Miron, A., Neblea, I., Dumitru, M. -V., Neagu, A. -L., Valente, A. J. M., Zaharia, A., Gavrila, A. -M., Iordache, T. -V., & Chiriac, A. -L. (2023). Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Chitosan-Based Materials for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters. Proceedings, 90(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090027

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