Analysis and Energy Certification of an Andalusian Public Health Center. Comparative between the General Option and Simplified Procedures †
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Object of Study
2.2. Case Study
2.2.1. Building Description
2.2.2. Description of the Building’s Air Conditioning and Sanitary Hot Water (SHW) Systems
- On the one hand there is a centralized production through two air-water chillers that supply a series of air handling units with ducts.
- On the other hand, to acclimatize the rooms in the Emergency Zone, which have a totally different use schedule than the rest of the Center, there are a series of autonomous teams divided into several models and powers that supply these premises. This equipment also has a heat pump system.
2.2.3. Building Definition for Energy Simulation
2.2.4. Considerations for Introducing the Geometry of the Building for Energy Simulation
2.2.5. Proposals to Improve the Energy Efficiency of the Building
- (1)
- Energy Demand Improvements: increased insulation of exterior enclosures, replacement of glazing with low emissives and decrease of infiltrations.
- (2)
- Improvements in Equipment and Systems: replacement of heating and DHW fuel, improvement of thermal/mechanical performance of primary equipment, increase in the performance of air conditioners, increase in the efficiency of luminaires and integration of renewable energies in the building.
- M1: Increase the quality of holes in the envelope. Replacement of double glazed windows with low emissivity, thermal bridge breakage and increased quality of carpentry against infiltration.
- M2: Increased insulation of the building’s thermal envelope. Insulation placement in the enclosures and exterior floors, and on the roof of the building, until adapting the building enclosures to the limit values required by the DB-HE of the CTE, in climate zone C4 for new buildings.
- M3: Replacement of heating fuel (diesel with natural gas).
- M4: Replacement of conventional diesel boiler with one of biomass of similar power.
- M5: Replacement of conventional diesel boiler with one of natural gas condensation of similar power.
- M6: Replacement of chillers with others of high efficiency of similar power.
- M7: This improvement alternative encompasses improvements M1, M5 and M6.
- M8: improvement of the energy efficiency of the building lighting installation (installation of LED type luminaires), together with the previous M7 alternative.
3. Results
3.1. Result Obtained in the Energy Rating of the Building with the General Option HULC
3.2. Result Obtained with the Improvement Proposals on the Initial Energy Rating of the Building with the General HULC Option
3.3. Comparison of the Result Obtained between the Initial Energy Rating and the M8 Improvement Proposal with the General HULC Option
3.4. Results Obtained in the Energy Rating of the Building with the Simplified Procedures CE3 and CE3X
- (1)
- Result of the energy rating of the building with the CE3 program: It has not been possible to obtain a result of the building studied with the proposed geometry, given that the program gives a calculation error, but does not indicate where the fault occurs. It has been tried to introduce the geometry from the file made in HULC (option supported by the program) and directly with the help of the building plans in dxf, and in both cases it is the same, so everything indicates that the CE3 program It collapses with the extensive zoning required for this building, especially when compared to the examples of buildings of Grand Tertiary that the program brings that are much simpler.
- (2)
3.5. Comparison of the Result between the Initial Energy Rating Obtained with HULC and CE3X
3.6. Comparación del Resultado Entre la Calificación Energética de la Propuesta de Mejora M8 Obtenida con HULC y CE3X
3.7. Result of the Economic Analysis of the Proposed Improvements on the Initial Energy Rating of the building with the General HULC Option
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Proposed Improvements | Energy Rating Obtained | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Consumption EPNR (KWh/m2·año) | Upgrade Scale a | Emissions CO2 (kg CO2/m2·año) | Upgrade Scale a | |
M1 | 136.0 C | 3 letters | 24.5 B | 2 letters |
M2 | 136.2 F | 0 letters | 24.5 C | 1 letter |
M3 | 141.3 F | 0 letters | 24.8 C | 1 letter |
M4 | 121.2 E | 1 letter | 20.8 C | 1 letter |
M5 | 120.5 E | 1 letter | 20.4 C | 1 letter |
M6 | 138.1 F | 0 letters | 25.3 D | 0 letters |
M7 | 130.0 C | 3 letters | 22.5 B | 2 letters |
M8 | 109.1 C | 3 letters | 19.1 B | 2 letters |
Concept | Initial and Improved Energy Rating M8 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Initial Qualification | Proposed Rating M8 | Total Saving | % Saving | |
Final Energy (kWh/year) | 333,716.4 | 256,456.1 | 77,260.3 | 23% |
Final Energy (kWh/(m²·year)) | 79.2 | 60.9 | 18.3 | 23% |
Energy. Non-renewable primary (kWh/year) | 594,541.8 | 459,555.8 | 134,986 | 23% |
Energy. Non-renewable primary (kWh/(m²·year)) | 141.1 | 109.1 | 32 | 23% |
Emisions (kg CO2/year) | 108,975.3 | 80,589.5 | 28,385.8 | 26% |
Emisions (kg CO2/(m²·year)) | 25.9 | 19.1 | 6.8 | 26% |
Qualification. CO2 Emissions | D | B | ||
Qualification Energy Primary not Renewable | F | C |
Proposed Improvements | Energy Rating Obtained | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Consumption EPNR (KWh/m2·año) | Upgrade Scale b | Emisions CO2 (kg CO2/m2·año) | Upgrade Scale b | |
M1 | 248.8 C | 1 letter | 48.2 D | 1 letter |
M5 | 276.4 E | 1 letter | 50.3 D | 1 letter |
M6 | 276.7 E | 0 letters | 55.2 E | 0 letters |
M8 | 205.5 D | 1 letter | 37.9 C | 2 letters |
Concept | Initial Energy Rating Comparison between HULC and CE3X | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
HULC | CEX | Difference Levels c | % Deviation | |
Heating Demand | D | E | 1↓ | |
Heating Demand (kWh/m² year) | 30.9 | 62.8 | 103% | |
Refrigeration Demand | C | C | 0 | |
Refrigeration Demand (kWh/m² year) | 11.4 | 34.8 | 205% | |
Energy. Non-Renewable Primary | F | E | 1↑ | |
Energy. Non-Renewable Primary (kWh/m² year) | 141.1 | 283.5 | 101% | |
Emisions CO2 | D | E | 1↓ | |
Emisione (kg CO2/m² year) | 25.9 | 56.4 | 118% |
Concept | Comparison of the Proposed Energy Rating of M8 Improvement between HULC and CE3X | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
HULC | CEX | Difference Levels d | % Deviation | |
Heating Demand | D | E | 1↓ | |
Heating Demand (kWh/m² year) | 22.2 | 51.3 | 131% | |
Refrigeration Demand | C | C | 0 | |
Refrigeration Demand (kWh/m² year) | 12.33 | 30.5 | 147% | |
Energy. Non-Renewable Primary | C | D | 1↓ | |
Energy. Non-Renewable Primary (kWh/m² year) | 109.1 | 206.5 | 89% | |
Emisions CO2 | B | C | 1↓ | |
Emisione (kg CO2/m² year) | 19.13 | 37.9 | 98% |
Proposed Improvements | Economic Analysis of Improvement Proposals | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Saving Simulation (%) e | Investment (€) | Final Energy Saved On billing f (kWh/year) | Payback g (years) | |
M1 | 5.43 | 79,042 | 15,656.27 | 50 |
M5 | 22.06 | 14,728 | 63,605.42 | 6.5 |
M6 | 1.94 | 64,421 | 5593.59 | 72 |
M8h | 15.08 | 30,330 | 43,480.04 | 4.5 |
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Javier, M.-S.F.; Jesús, H.-O.M.; Julio, T.-C.; Paulo, B. Analysis and Energy Certification of an Andalusian Public Health Center. Comparative between the General Option and Simplified Procedures. Proceedings 2019, 38, 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019038003
Javier M-SF, Jesús H-OM, Julio T-C, Paulo B. Analysis and Energy Certification of an Andalusian Public Health Center. Comparative between the General Option and Simplified Procedures. Proceedings. 2019; 38(1):3. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019038003
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier, Montiel-Santiago Francisco, Hermoso-Orzáez Manuel Jesús, Terrados-Cepeda Julio, and Brito Paulo. 2019. "Analysis and Energy Certification of an Andalusian Public Health Center. Comparative between the General Option and Simplified Procedures" Proceedings 38, no. 1: 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019038003
APA StyleJavier, M.-S. F., Jesús, H.-O. M., Julio, T.-C., & Paulo, B. (2019). Analysis and Energy Certification of an Andalusian Public Health Center. Comparative between the General Option and Simplified Procedures. Proceedings, 38(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019038003