Assessment of Local Rice Processing, Packaging and Storage Among Rice Processors in Southwestern Nigeria, West Africa †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Statement of the Research Problem
3. Research Objectives
- Describe the socio-economic characteristics of local rice processors in the study area.
- Assess the processing, packaging, and storage methods adopted by rice processors in the study area.
- Identify the constraints faced by rice processors during rice processing, packaging, and storage in the study area.
4. Methodology
4.1. Study Area
4.2. Data Collection Method
4.3. Sampling Procedure and Data Analysis Method
5. Results
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Frequency | Percentage | Mean | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||
<30 | 221 | 18.4 | 30 | 10 |
31–40 | 343 | 28.6 | ||
41–50 | 480 | 40.0 | ||
51–60 | 156 | 13.0 | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 781 | 65.1 | ||
Female | 419 | 34.9 | ||
Marital status | ||||
Single | 110 | 9.2 | ||
Married | 1043 | 86.9 | ||
Divorced | 30 | 2.5 | ||
Widowed | 17 | 1.4 | ||
Education (years) | ||||
No Formal Education | 44 | 3.7 | 7 | 3 |
1–6 | 900 | 75.0 | ||
7–12 | 216 | 18.0 | ||
>13 | 40 | 3.3 | ||
Household size (persons) | ||||
0–4 | 58 | 4. 8 | 13 | 5 |
5–9 | 192 | 16.0 | ||
>10 | 950 | 79.2 | ||
Processing experience (years) | ||||
1–5 yrs | 48 | 4.0 | 14 | 10 |
6–10 yrs | 200 | 16.7 | ||
>10 yrs | 952 | 79.3 | ||
Areas of Specialization | ||||
Rice Processing Only | 320 | 26.7 | ||
Rice Packaging and Storage | 300 | 25.0 | ||
Rice Storage Only | 305 | 25.4 | ||
All of the above | 275 | 22.9 | ||
Processed Rice Output (kg) | 5001 | 2000 | ||
<3000 | 228 | 19.0 | ||
3001–6000 | 672 | 56.0 | ||
6001–9000 | 180 | 15.0 | ||
>9001 | 120 | 10.0 | ||
Monthly Income (NGN) | 55,000 | 20,000 | ||
<20,000 | 50 | 4.2 | ||
20,000–40,000 | 60 | 5.0 | ||
40,001–60,000 | 460 | 38.3 | ||
60,001–80,000 | 360 | 30.0 | ||
>80,001 | 270 | 22.5 | ||
Member of a Cooperative | ||||
Yes | 965 | 80.4 | ||
No | 235 | 19.6 |
Processing Methods | Manual (%) | Mechanical (%) |
---|---|---|
Threshing | 82.5 | 17.5 |
Parboiling | 83.3 | 16.7 |
Milling | 83.3 | 16.7 |
Drying | 83.3 | 16.7 |
Packaging | 70.8 | 29.2 |
Storage | 83.3 | 16.7 |
Spoilage | 13.6 | 3.0 |
Wastage | 20.4 | 3.5 |
Losses | 13.0 | 3.0 |
Income reduction | 30.5 | 3.5 |
Profit | 22.5 | 87.0 |
Items | Mean | Rank |
---|---|---|
Lack of modern equipment | 1.901 | 1st |
High cost of labor | 1.860 | 2nd |
High cost of inputs | 1.800 | 3rd |
Inadequate harvesting equipment | 1.750 | 4th |
Poor processing equipment | 1.745 | 5th |
Poor packaging equipment | 1.741 | 6th |
Poor storage equipment | 1.735 | 7th |
Poor marketing system | 1.715 | 8th |
Government policy | 1.700 | 9th |
Limited farmland | 1.659 | 10th |
Poor quality of extension services | 1.640 | 11th |
Late disbursement of loans | 1.605 | 12th |
Underfunding | 1.600 | 13th |
Lack of improved seeds | 1.590 | 14th |
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Banjo, S.; Olawumi, T.; Abiala, A.; Jolayemi, J.; Ogunyanwo, O.; Asamu, Y. Assessment of Local Rice Processing, Packaging and Storage Among Rice Processors in Southwestern Nigeria, West Africa. Proceedings 2025, 118, 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025118015
Banjo S, Olawumi T, Abiala A, Jolayemi J, Ogunyanwo O, Asamu Y. Assessment of Local Rice Processing, Packaging and Storage Among Rice Processors in Southwestern Nigeria, West Africa. Proceedings. 2025; 118(1):15. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025118015
Chicago/Turabian StyleBanjo, Sikiru, Timothy Olawumi, Abiala Abiala, John Jolayemi, Oye Ogunyanwo, and Yemisi Asamu. 2025. "Assessment of Local Rice Processing, Packaging and Storage Among Rice Processors in Southwestern Nigeria, West Africa" Proceedings 118, no. 1: 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025118015
APA StyleBanjo, S., Olawumi, T., Abiala, A., Jolayemi, J., Ogunyanwo, O., & Asamu, Y. (2025). Assessment of Local Rice Processing, Packaging and Storage Among Rice Processors in Southwestern Nigeria, West Africa. Proceedings, 118(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025118015