Creative Approach to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Theoretical Framework
3.1. Creative-Based Learning (CBL)
3.2. Enhancing Learning Skills
3.3. Buddhist and Philosophy Based Learning Skills
Hypotheses
4. Methodology
4.1. Step 1: Variables Check
4.2. Step 2 Data Collection
4.3. Step 3 Instrument
4.4. Step 4 Analyzing
4.5. Step 5: The Development of CLS–BP Involved a Multi-Step Data Analysis
4.6. Step 6: Report Findings
5. Results
5.1. Analysis Results for Hypothesis 1 (The Components of Enhancing of Buddhism and Philosophy Have a Correlation with Learning Skills)
5.2. Hypothesis 2: There Is a Structural Relationship Between Various Factors in the Creative Approaches for Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy
5.3. Hypothesis 3: Creative Approaches for Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy Are Appropriate and Feasible
6. Discussion
6.1. Discussion of Survey Data Analysis Results Evaluating Components of Promoting Buddhist Principles and Philosophy Affecting Learning Skills
6.2. Discussion of the Analysis of Creative Approaches to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy
6.3. Discussion of the Appropriateness and Feasibility of Creative Approaches to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy
7. Conclusions
7.1. Recommendations
Recommendations for Future Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Data | Data | Frequency | Percentage (%) | Mean | S.D. | t-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 162 | 56.00 | 1.45 | ±0.5 | 49.426 |
Female | 128 | 44.00 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 | ||||
Age (Years) | 17–19 | 62 | 20.80 | 2.44 | ±0.96 | 43.645 |
20–22 | 86 | 30.04 | ||||
23–25 | 94 | 32.66 | ||||
26 and above | 48 | 16.50 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 | ||||
Affiliation | Faculty of Religion and Philosophy | 74 | 25.80 | 2.37 | ±1.16 | 34.583 |
Faculty of Humanities | 42 | 14.03 | ||||
Faculty of Social Sciences | 81 | 28.57 | ||||
Faculty of Education | 93 | 31.60 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 | ||||
Year of Study | 1st Year | 90 | 31.03 | 1.13 | ±0.34 | 56.530 |
2nd Year | 80 | 27.59 | ||||
3rd Year | 70 | 24.14 | ||||
4th Year | 50 | 17.24 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 | ||||
Religion | Buddhism | 250 | 86.21 | 1.13 | ±0.34 | 56.530 |
Other religions | 40 | 13.79 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 | ||||
Frequency of Religious Activities (times/month) | Never | 50 | 17.24 | 2.91 | ±1.09 | 45.425 |
Less than 5 times/month | 46 | 15.86 | ||||
Regularly 6–10 times/month | 94 | 32.41 | ||||
More than 11 times/month | 100 | 34.48 | ||||
Total | 290 | 100 |
Code | Variable | Mean | S.D. | Interpretation |
---|---|---|---|---|
LBP1 | Environment | 4.72 | 0.413 | Strongly agree |
LBP2 | Lifelong Learning | 4.61 | 0.115 | Strongly agree |
LBP3 | Proper Learning with Learners’ Individual Learning | 4.70 | 0.399 | Strongly agree |
LBP4 | Proper Technology with Learning | 4.70 | 0.446 | Strongly agree |
LBP5 | Improved Engagement | 4.84 | 0.801 | Strongly agree |
LBP6 | Enhanced Critical Thinking | 4.73 | 0.365 | Strongly agree |
LBP7 | Increased Collaboration | 4.78 | 0.357 | Strongly agree |
LBP8 | Building Confidence | 4.76 | 0.375 | Strongly agree |
LBP9 | Encouraging Exploration | 4.77 | 0.418 | Strongly agree |
LBP10 | Integrating Different Subjects | 4.77 | 0.434 | Strongly agree |
LBP11 | Using Project-Based Learning | 4.78 | 0.427 | Strongly agree |
LBP12 | Promoting Student-Led Learning | 4.76 | 0.428 | Strongly agree |
LBP13 | Right View | 4.73 | 0.443 | Strongly agree |
LBP14 | Right Thought | 4.69 | 0.454 | Strongly agree |
LBP15 | Right Speech | 4.76 | 0.425 | Strongly agree |
LBP16 | Right Action | 4.77 | 0.421 | Strongly agree |
LBP17 | Right Livelihood | 4.77 | 0.424 | Strongly agree |
LBP18 | Right Effort | 4.84 | 0.325 | Strongly agree |
LBP19 | Right Mindfulness | 4.69 | 0.432 | Strongly agree |
LBP20 | Right Concentration | 4.75 | 0.375 | Strongly agree |
LBP21 | Epistemology | 4.78 | 0.337 | Strongly agree |
LBP22 | Ethics | 4.76 | 0.353 | Strongly agree |
LBP23 | Aesthetics | 4.64 | 0.426 | Strongly agree |
LBP24 | Metaphysics | 4.61 | 0.435 | Strongly agree |
LBP 1 | LBP 2 | LBP 3 | LBP 4 | LBP 5 | LBP 6 | LBP 7 | LBP 8 | LBP 9 | LBP 10 | LBP 11 | LBP 12 | LBP 13 | LBP 14 | LBP 15 | LBP 16 | LBP 17 | LBP 18 | LBP 19 | LBP 20 | LBP 21 | LBP 22 | LBP 23 | LBP 24 | LBP 25 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LBP1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
LBP2 | 0.090 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
LBP3 | 0.527 | 0.018 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
LBP4 | 0.152 | 0.051 | 0.075 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
LBP5 | 0.139 | −0.031 | 0.193 | −0.129 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
LBP6 | 0.395 | 0.109 | 0.471 | 0.224 | 0.179 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
LBP7 | 0.302 | 0.103 | 0.494 | −0.100 | 0.166 | 0.358 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
LBP8 | 0.236 | −0.142 | 0.388 | 0.030 | 0.034 | 0.247 | 0.257 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
LBP9 | 0.457 | −0.011 | 0.677 | 0.016 | 0.242 | 0.538 | 0.565 | 0.443 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
LBP10 | 0.459 | −0.011 | 0.667 | 0.015 | 0.235 | 0.496 | 0.545 | 0.472 | 0.853 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
LBP11 | 0.453 | −0.018 | 0.689 | 0.028 | 0.246 | 0.536 | 0.561 | 0.482 | 0.879 | 0.864 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
LBP12 | 0.452 | −0.062 | 0.686 | 0.017 | 0.242 | 0.491 | 0.545 | 0.479 | 0.846 | 0.834 | 0.890 | 1 | |||||||||||||
LBP13 | 0.384 | −0.080 | 0.617 | 0.007 | 0.258 | 0.417 | 0.485 | 0.479 | 0.782 | 0.767 | 0.809 | 0.884 | 1 | ||||||||||||
LBP14 | 0.331 | −0.133 | 0.553 | −0.036 | 0.252 | 0.391 | 0.450 | 0.414 | 0.727 | 0.731 | 0.743 | 0.831 | 0.845 | 1 | |||||||||||
LBP15 | 0.411 | −0.091 | 0.666 | −0.040 | 0.232 | 0.453 | 0.560 | 0.462 | 0.839 | 0.806 | 0.844 | 0.854 | 0.813 | 0.817 | 1 | ||||||||||
LBP16 | 0.438 | −0.064 | 0.655 | −0.045 | 0.254 | 0.445 | 0.532 | 0.452 | 0.835 | 0.804 | 0.831 | 0.805 | 0.787 | 0.785 | 0.908 | 1 | |||||||||
LBP17 | 0.424 | −0.063 | 0.643 | −0.046 | 0.207 | 0.431 | 0.536 | 0.445 | 0.825 | 0.787 | 0.835 | 0.817 | 0.767 | 0.788 | 0.892 | 0.898 | 1 | ||||||||
LBP18 | 0.069 | −0.149 | 0.151 | −0.100 | 0.155 | 0.074 | 0.077 | 0.172 | 0.209 | 0.221 | 0.253 | 0.242 | 0.218 | 0.217 | 0.261 | 0.229 | 0.231 | 1 | |||||||
LBP19 | 0.142 | −0.023 | 0.228 | 0.038 | 0.125 | 0.139 | 0.110 | 0.115 | 0.297 | 0.291 | 0.307 | 0.238 | 0.222 | 0.267 | 0.320 | 0.318 | 0.281 | 0.250 | 1 | ||||||
LBP20 | 0.239 | −0.155 | 0.220 | 0.100 | 0.187 | 0.195 | 0.059 | 0.342 | 0.276 | 0.272 | 0.287 | 0.295 | 0.277 | 0.248 | 0.302 | 0.269 | 0.272 | 0.486 | 0.314 | 1 | |||||
LBP21 | 0.240 | 0.080 | 0.235 | 0.108 | 0.114 | 0.247 | 0.111 | 0.204 | 0.330 | 0.288 | 0.311 | 0.300 | 0.272 | 0.227 | 0.309 | 0.314 | 0.263 | 0.315 | 0.415 | 0.398 | 1 | ||||
LBP22 | 0.061 | 0.104 | 0.124 | −0.038 | 0.108 | 0.088 | 0.189 | 0.153 | 0.276 | 0.230 | 0.264 | 0.247 | 0.262 | 0.254 | 0.296 | 0.276 | 0.273 | 0.353 | 0.254 | 0.245 | 0.324 | 1 | |||
LBP23 | −0.114 | −0.224 | −0.128 | 0.035 | −0.071 | −0.136 | −0.066 | 0.016 | −0.107 | −0.068 | −0.074 | −0.005 | 0.006 | 0.047 | −0.009 | −0.039 | 0.014 | 0.043 | −0.046 | 0.052 | 0.029 | −0.015 | 1 | ||
LBP24 | 0.114 | −0.023 | 0.080 | 0.040 | 0.081 | 0.206 | 0.052 | 0.080 | 0.167 | 0.170 | 0.151 | 0.170 | 0.143 | 0.155 | 0.157 | 0.158 | 0.150 | 0.271 | 0.128 | 0.305 | 0.383 | 0.325 | 0.093 | 1 | |
LBP25 | 0.094 | 0.012 | 0.121 | 0.254 | −0.126 | 0.234 | 0.027 | 0.148 | 0.151 | 0.123 | 0.173 | 0.176 | 0.129 | 0.109 | 0.159 | 0.152 | 0.171 | 0.139 | 0.114 | 0.209 | 0.276 | 0.051 | 0.186 | 0.236 | 1 |
KMO and Bartlett’s Test | ||
---|---|---|
Kaiser Meyer Olkin and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity | 0.938 | |
Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity | Approx. Chi-Square | 5098.168 |
Df | 300 | |
p-Value (Sig.) * | <0.001 |
Total Variance Explained | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Component | Initial Eigenvalues | Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings | Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings | ||||
Total | % of Variance | Cumulative % | Total | % of Variance | Cumulative % | Total | |
1 | 10.016 | 40.066 | 40.066 | 10.016 | 40.066 | 40.066 | 9.775 |
2 | 2.199 | 8.797 | 48.862 | 2.199 | 8.797 | 48.862 | 3.880 |
3 | 1.609 | 6.435 | 55.297 | 1.609 | 6.435 | 55.297 | 1.928 |
4 | 1.448 | 5.791 | 61.088 | 1.448 | 5.791 | 61.088 | 1.647 |
5 | 1.077 | 4.308 | 65.396 | 1.077 | 4.308 | 65.396 | 1.441 |
Component Matrix a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Component (Factor Loadings) | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
LPB1 | 0.527 | −0.066 | 0.379 | 0.073 | −0.294 |
LPB2 | −0.046 | −0.123 | 0.510 | 0.524 | 0.378 |
LPB3 | 0.755 | −0.174 | 0.178 | 0.021 | −0.151 |
LPB4 | 0.025 | 0.169 | 0.651 | −0.320 | −0.185 |
LPB5 | 0.293 | 0.002 | −0.249 | 0.374 | −0.377 |
LPB6 | 0.571 | −0.029 | 0.463 | 0.033 | −0.106 |
LPB7 | 0.605 | −0.285 | 0.013 | 0.152 | 0.231 |
LPB8 | 0.540 | 0.059 | −0.063 | −0.269 | −0.141 |
LPB9 | 0.913 | −0.113 | 0.037 | 0.034 | 0.029 |
LPB10 | 0.894 | −0.122 | 0.012 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
LPB11 | 0.927 | −0.104 | 0.020 | −0.009 | 0.015 |
LPB12 | 0.925 | −0.108 | −0.037 | −0.091 | 0.036 |
LPB13 | 0.876 | −0.109 | −0.111 | −0.098 | 0.041 |
LPB14 | 0.841 | −0.100 | −0.194 | −0.117 | 0.071 |
LPB15 | 0.925 | −0.082 | −0.113 | −0.050 | 0.072 |
LPB16 | 0.910 | −0.100 | −0.086 | −0.017 | 0.059 |
LPB17 | 0.899 | −0.110 | −0.096 | −0.072 | 0.103 |
LPB18 | 0.320 | 0.575 | −0.317 | 0.136 | −0.114 |
LPB19 | 0.367 | 0.385 | −0.016 | 0.230 | −0.120 |
LPB20 | 0.396 | 0.608 | −0.063 | −0.022 | −0.389 |
LPB21 | 0.409 | 0.592 | 0.197 | 0.174 | 0.047 |
LPB22 | 0.340 | 0.421 | −0.150 | 0.371 | 0.399 |
LPB23 | −0.045 | 0.243 | −0.238 | −0.605 | 0.297 |
LPB24 | 0.243 | 0.579 | 0.077 | 0.080 | 0.235 |
LPB25 | 0.211 | 0.404 | 0.397 | −0.419 | 0.228 |
Component Correlation Matrix | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Component | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 1.000 | 0.326 | 0.152 | 0.166 | −0.038 |
2 | 0.326 | 1.000 | 0.091 | 0.007 | −0.071 |
3 | 0.152 | 0.091 | 1.000 | −0.013 | 0.031 |
4 | 0.166 | 0.007 | −0.013 | 1.000 | 0.032 |
5 | −0.038 | −0.071 | 0.031 | 0.032 | 1.000 |
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Suebkrapan, P.C.C.; Thepa, P.C.A.; Sapanthong, P.S.P.; Sutthirat, N. Creative Approach to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy. Philosophies 2025, 10, 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10050104
Suebkrapan PCC, Thepa PCA, Sapanthong PSP, Sutthirat N. Creative Approach to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy. Philosophies. 2025; 10(5):104. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10050104
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuebkrapan, Phrarajsuddhivajiramedhi Chaiyan Chattalayo, Phrakhrupalad Charkrapol Acharashubho Thepa, Phrakhrusangkharak Suriya Pabhassaro Sapanthong, and Netnapa Sutthirat. 2025. "Creative Approach to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy" Philosophies 10, no. 5: 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10050104
APA StyleSuebkrapan, P. C. C., Thepa, P. C. A., Sapanthong, P. S. P., & Sutthirat, N. (2025). Creative Approach to Enhancing Learning Skills Based on Buddhism and Philosophy. Philosophies, 10(5), 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10050104