3D-Printed Tumor-on-a-Chip Model for Investigating the Effect of Matrix Stiffness on Glioblastoma Tumor Invasion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. DLP Stereolithography Apparatus
2.3. 3D Printing PEGDA Hydrogel
2.4. Optimization of PEGDA Photoink
2.5. Glioblastoma Cell Culture and Tumoroid Preparation
2.6. 3D Tumoroids Culture On-a-Chip
2.7. Enzyme Treatment and Cell Invasion Analysis
2.8. Mechanical Properties of the Collagen Hydrogel
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. PEGDA Bioprinting Parameters Optimization
3.2. Tumor-on-a-Chip Platform
3.3. Mathematical Modeling
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Definition | Value | Ref. | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
Di | Cell diffusivity | 1 × 10−8 cm2·s−1 | [47] | |
Dn | Nutrient diffusivity | 4.2 × 10−6 cm2·s−1 | [48] | |
DM | Collagenase diffusivity | 1 × 10−9 cm2·s−1 | [49] | |
C0 | Initial concentration of cells | 1 × 104 mg·mL−1 | [50] | |
n0 | Nutrient supply concentration | 4.5 mg·mL−1 | Gibco DMEM | Glucose is taken as the main component of nutrients |
f0 | Initial concentration of matrix fibers | 1 × 10−9 M | [49] | |
χhap | Hapto-taxis coefficients | 2.6 × 103 cm2·s−1·M−1 | [51] | |
Pcr | Critical stress | 1 kPa | [52] | Maximum allowable stress is 5 kPa |
Rate of cell proliferation | Function is taken form ref. | [39] | ||
Rate of nutrient consumption | Function is taken form ref. | [39] | ||
Rate of collagenase binding | 1 × 10−6 s−1·M−1 | N/A | Value is proposed | |
δ | Rate of collagen degradation | 1 × 10−2 s−1·M−1 | N/A | Value is proposed |
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Amereh, M.; Seyfoori, A.; Dallinger, B.; Azimzadeh, M.; Stefanek, E.; Akbari, M. 3D-Printed Tumor-on-a-Chip Model for Investigating the Effect of Matrix Stiffness on Glioblastoma Tumor Invasion. Biomimetics 2023, 8, 421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8050421
Amereh M, Seyfoori A, Dallinger B, Azimzadeh M, Stefanek E, Akbari M. 3D-Printed Tumor-on-a-Chip Model for Investigating the Effect of Matrix Stiffness on Glioblastoma Tumor Invasion. Biomimetics. 2023; 8(5):421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8050421
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmereh, Meitham, Amir Seyfoori, Briana Dallinger, Mostafa Azimzadeh, Evan Stefanek, and Mohsen Akbari. 2023. "3D-Printed Tumor-on-a-Chip Model for Investigating the Effect of Matrix Stiffness on Glioblastoma Tumor Invasion" Biomimetics 8, no. 5: 421. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8050421