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Volume 12
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10.3390/horticulturae12010088
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Allelopathic Potential and Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Effects of Tecoma stans Flowers (Bignoniaceae)

by
Thaís Paula Rodrigues Gonçalves
1,
Lucas Santos Azevedo
1,
Mariana Guerra de Aguilar
2,
Lúcia Pinheiro Santos Pimenta
2,
Ana Hortência Fonsêca Castro
1,* and
Luciana Alves Rodrigues dos Santos Lima
1,*
1
Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil
2
Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2026, 12(1), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12010088
Submission received: 27 November 2025 / Revised: 8 January 2026 / Accepted: 9 January 2026 / Published: 13 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals as Eco-Friendly Compounds for Weed Control and Obtaining Safer Horticultural Products)
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Abstract

Weed control is mainly carried out using synthetic herbicides, which represent 62.6% of the total pesticides sold. However, some plants produce allelochemicals that inhibit the growth of other plants, and these substances can be isolated and used as natural herbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antigenotoxic potential of the ethanol extract (EE), hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA) and hydroethanol (HE) fractions obtained from Tecoma stans flowers. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to characterize the compounds present in the samples. The allelopathic activity was tested using Allium cepa and Lactuca sativa seeds, and the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity were evaluated using A. cepa seeds. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids ω-3 and ω-6, terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids with coumaroyl or glycosyl derivatives were characterized in the samples. The HEX and DCM fractions significantly inhibited germination and root growth, effects associated with fatty acids and phenolic compounds. The EA fraction exhibits genotoxic potential at higher concentrations tested. The extract and fractions reduced the genotoxicity induced by glyphosate and atrazine, reversing chromosomal abnormalities. These results demonstrate the possible use of the extract and fractions as natural sources of allelochemicals, but safe dosage validation is required.
Keywords: phytotoxicity; eco-friendly compounds; allelochemicals; medicinal plant; natural compounds phytotoxicity; eco-friendly compounds; allelochemicals; medicinal plant; natural compounds
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MDPI and ACS Style

Gonçalves, T.P.R.; Azevedo, L.S.; Aguilar, M.G.d.; Pimenta, L.P.S.; Castro, A.H.F.; Lima, L.A.R.d.S. Allelopathic Potential and Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Effects of Tecoma stans Flowers (Bignoniaceae). Horticulturae 2026, 12, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12010088

AMA Style

Gonçalves TPR, Azevedo LS, Aguilar MGd, Pimenta LPS, Castro AHF, Lima LARdS. Allelopathic Potential and Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Effects of Tecoma stans Flowers (Bignoniaceae). Horticulturae. 2026; 12(1):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12010088

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gonçalves, Thaís Paula Rodrigues, Lucas Santos Azevedo, Mariana Guerra de Aguilar, Lúcia Pinheiro Santos Pimenta, Ana Hortência Fonsêca Castro, and Luciana Alves Rodrigues dos Santos Lima. 2026. "Allelopathic Potential and Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Effects of Tecoma stans Flowers (Bignoniaceae)" Horticulturae 12, no. 1: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12010088

APA Style

Gonçalves, T. P. R., Azevedo, L. S., Aguilar, M. G. d., Pimenta, L. P. S., Castro, A. H. F., & Lima, L. A. R. d. S. (2026). Allelopathic Potential and Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Effects of Tecoma stans Flowers (Bignoniaceae). Horticulturae, 12(1), 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12010088

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