Hydroxypropyl Cellulose/Pluronic-Based Composite Hydrogels as Biodegradable Mucoadhesive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. FT-IR Analysis
2.2. 1H NMR Analysis
2.3. SEM Analysis
2.4. Dynamic Vapor Sorption Analysis
2.5. Mechanical Tests
2.6. DSC Analysis
2.7. Thermogravimetric Analysis
2.8. Cell Toxicity
2.9. Hydrolytic Stability
2.10. Bioadhesion and Mucoadhesion Tests
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Preparation of the Blended Aqueous Solutions
4.3. Methods
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | ν H-bonded–OH, cm−1 | EH (kJ) | R (Å) | TCI (A1374/A2920) | LOI (A1416/A843) | HBI (A3350/A1337) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HPC/Pl 100/0 | 3263 | 27.832 | 2.753 | 0.91 | 6.36 | 2.16 |
HPC/Pl 90/10 | 3266 | 27.616 | 2.752 | 1.01 | 3.25 | 3.65 |
HPC/Pl 75/25 | 3320 | 23.732 | 2.765 | 1.44 | 6.75 | 1.94 |
HPC/Pl 60/40 | 3364 | 20.568 | 2.775 | 2.63 | 0.52 | 0.02 |
HPC/Pl 45/55 | 3384 | 19.130 | 2.779 | 1.08 | 0.48 | 0.3 |
HPC/Pl 30/70 | 3390 | 18.698 | 2.781 | 0.88 | 1.5 | 0.42 |
HPC/Pl 15/85 | 3400 | 17.979 | 2.783 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.17 |
HPC/Pl 0/100 | 3344 | 22.009 | 2.771 | 2.02 | 0.1 | 0.05 |
Sample | K1 *, Mt/M∞ < 0.5 | K2 *, Mt/M∞ > 0.5 | l (cm) | D1 = K1πl2/16 (cm2/s) | D2 = −K2l2/π2 (cm2/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HPC/Pl 0/100 | 9.51 × 10−5 | −0.00044776 | 0.1 | 1.87 × 10−7 | 4.54 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 15/85 | 8.76 × 10−5 | −0.00034771 | 0.1 | 1.72 × 10−7 | 3.52 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 30/70 | 7.64 × 10−5 | −0.00047547 | 0.1 | 1.50 × 10−7 | 4.82 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 45/55 | 6.37 × 10−5 | −0.00022294 | 0.1 | 1.25 × 10−7 | 2.26 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 60/40 | 3.66 × 10−5 | −0.00025346 | 0.1 | 7.19 × 10−8 | 2.57 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 75/25 | 4.92 × 10−5 | −0.0002214 | 0.1 | 9.66 × 10−8 | 2.24 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 90/10 | 4.43 × 10−5 | −0.0002308 | 0.1 | 8.70 × 10−8 | 2.34 × 10−7 |
HPC/Pl 100/0 | 4.33 × 10−5 | −0.00026628 | 0.1 | 8.51 × 10−8 | 2.70 × 10−7 |
Sample | BET | GAB | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
A (m2/g) | MI (g/g) | A (m2/g) | MI (g/g) | |
HPC/Pl 0/100 | 37.5 | 0.0106 | 18 | 0.0051 |
HPC/Pl 15/85 | 81.5 | 0.0232 | 28.4 | 0.0081 |
HPC/Pl 30/70 | 198 | 0.0566 | 62 | 0.0176 |
HPC/Pl 45/55 | 141 | 0.0403 | 83 | 0.0237 |
HPC/Pl 60/40 | 831 | 0.2368 | 145 | 0.0414 |
HPC/Pl 75/25 | 361 | 0.103 | 166 | 0.0474 |
HPC/Pl 90/10 | 251 | 0.0715 | 179 | 0.0509 |
HPC/Pl 100/0 | 528 | 0.1504 | 149 | 0.0423 |
Sample | Tg1 (°C) | Δcp1 (J/gK) | Tg2 (°C) | Δcp2 (J/gK) | Tm1 (°C) | ΔHm1 (J/g) | ΔHm1n (J/g) | Tm2 (°C) | ΔHm2 (J/g) | ΔHm2n (J/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pluronic F68 powder | −60.4 | 0.091 | - | - | 57.7 | 119.7 | - | - | - | - |
HPC/Pl 0/100 | −61.7 | 0.138 | - | - | 55.5 | 101.3 | 101.3 | - | - | - |
HPC/Pl 15/85 | −60.4 | 0.077 | 22.4 | 0.119 | 54.0 | 96.23 | 113.2 | - | - | - |
HPC/Pl 30/70 | −59.5 | 0.057 | 17.2 | 0.031 | 55.1 | 69.04 | 98.6 | 197.9 | 1.346 | 4.48 |
HPC/Pl 45/55 | −59.5 | 0.052 | 21 | 0.030 | 56.1 | 62.31 | 113.3 | 199.2 | 1.44 | 3.2 |
HPC/Pl 60/40 | −59.1 | 0.031 | −22.6 | 0.01 | 54.0 | 35.07 | 87.7 | 198.0 | 1.824 | 3.04 |
HPC/Pl 75/25 | −55.5 | 0.02 | −22.2 | 0.015 | 57.0 | 28.81 | 115.2 | 198.1 | 2.397 | 3.2 |
HPC/Pl 90/10 | −58.5 | 0.01 | 25.2 | 0.030 | 53.7 | 11.35 | 113.5 | 197.2 | 2.484 | 2.8 |
HPC/Pl 100/0 | - | - | 4.2 | 0.077 | - | - | - | 197.7 | 2.444 | 2.4 |
HPC powder | - | - | 21 | 0.065 | - | - | - | 195.8 | 2.479 | - |
Sample | Stages (°C) | Tmax a (°C) | Δw b (%) | ECR (kJ/mol) | n |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pluronic F68 powder | I 364.4–427.7 | 402.1 | 97.27 | 311.03 | 1.2 |
HPC/Pl 0/100 | I 358.8–425 | 399.8 | 96.26 | 318.14 | 1.2 |
HPC/Pl 15/85 | I 361.6–428.1 | 405.1 | 95.63 | 245.98 | 1.0 |
HPC/Pl 30/70 | I 349.3–428.3 | 397.0 | 91.84 | 179.52 | 0.9 |
HPC/Pl 45/55 | I 342.0–427.4 | 407.1 | 90.58 | 148.09 | 0.7 |
HPC/Pl 60/40 | I 340.4–389.4 II 389.4–424.8 | 380.4 407 | 56.17 30.87 | 143.07 | 0.9 |
HPC/Pl 75/25 | I 333.5–390.3 II 390.3–424 | 379.4 408 | 57.0 24.3 | 128.05 | 0.8 |
HPC/Pl 90/10 | I 322.5–411.3 | 375.8 | 86.81 | 108.65 | 0.4 |
HPC/Pl 100/0 | I 294.4–347.4 II 347.4–396.1 | 313 374.9 | 12.13 73.78 | 77.79 | 0.0 |
HPC powder | I 317.8–404.2 | 374.5 | 86.36 | 93.10 | 0.0 |
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Filip, D.; Macocinschi, D.; Zaltariov, M.-F.; Ciubotaru, B.-I.; Bargan, A.; Varganici, C.-D.; Vasiliu, A.-L.; Peptanariu, D.; Balan-Porcarasu, M.; Timofte-Zorila, M.-M. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose/Pluronic-Based Composite Hydrogels as Biodegradable Mucoadhesive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Gels 2022, 8, 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8080519
Filip D, Macocinschi D, Zaltariov M-F, Ciubotaru B-I, Bargan A, Varganici C-D, Vasiliu A-L, Peptanariu D, Balan-Porcarasu M, Timofte-Zorila M-M. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose/Pluronic-Based Composite Hydrogels as Biodegradable Mucoadhesive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Gels. 2022; 8(8):519. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8080519
Chicago/Turabian StyleFilip, Daniela, Doina Macocinschi, Mirela-Fernanda Zaltariov, Bianca-Iulia Ciubotaru, Alexandra Bargan, Cristian-Dragos Varganici, Ana-Lavinia Vasiliu, Dragos Peptanariu, Mihaela Balan-Porcarasu, and Mihaela-Madalina Timofte-Zorila. 2022. "Hydroxypropyl Cellulose/Pluronic-Based Composite Hydrogels as Biodegradable Mucoadhesive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering" Gels 8, no. 8: 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8080519