In Situ Hydrogel Formulation for Advanced Wound Dressing: Influence of Co-Solvents and Functional Excipient on Tailored Alginate–Pectin–Chitosan Blend Gelation Kinetics, Adhesiveness, and Performance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Powder Production
4.1.1. Alginate, Pectin, and Chitosan Aqueous Feed
- Chitosan was dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution (1% w/w CH3COOH), at room temperature, under a gentle stirrer overnight.
- Pectin was dispersed in an aqueous solution where it was solubilized using alginate, at room temperature, under a stirrer producing the alginate-pectin (AP) solution.
4.1.2. Alginate, Pectin, and Chitosan with Co-Solvent Feed
4.1.3. Alginate, Pectin, and Chitosan with Functional Excipients
4.1.4. Microencapsulation Process
4.2. Morphology and Particle Size Distribution
4.3. Fluid Uptake Ability
4.4. Rheological Studies
4.5. Adhesion Strength Measurement
4.6. Water Vapor Transmission Rate and Rate of Water Evaporation from the Hydrogels Formed In Situ
4.7. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
4.8. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | H2O—Co-Solvent Ratio | Salt Concentration (w/w) | Process Yield (%) | Mean Diameter (µm) ± SD |
---|---|---|---|---|
APC 117 | 100:00 | - | 61.5 | 3.65 ± 0.01 |
APC 117-5Et | 95:5 Ethanol | - | 55.8 | 5.05 ± 0.06 |
APC 117-10Et | 90:10 Ethanol | - | 55.8 | 4.09 ± 0.02 |
APC 117-20Et | 80:20 Ethanol | - | 45.7 | 4.80 ± 0.19 |
APC 117-20EtA | 80:10:10 Ethanol/Acetone | - | 55.6 | 2.91 ± 0.01 |
APC 117-5Iso | 95:5 Isopropanol | - | 50.3 | 3.27 ± 0.05 |
APC 117-10Bic | 100:00 | 10% Sodium Bicarbonate | 64.1 | 2.89 ± 0.11 |
APC 117-10Car | 100:00 | 10% Ammonium Carbonate | 59.3 | 2.11 ± 0.09 |
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Amante, C.; Falcone, G.; Aquino, R.P.; Russo, P.; Nicolais, L.; Del Gaudio, P. In Situ Hydrogel Formulation for Advanced Wound Dressing: Influence of Co-Solvents and Functional Excipient on Tailored Alginate–Pectin–Chitosan Blend Gelation Kinetics, Adhesiveness, and Performance. Gels 2024, 10, 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010003
Amante C, Falcone G, Aquino RP, Russo P, Nicolais L, Del Gaudio P. In Situ Hydrogel Formulation for Advanced Wound Dressing: Influence of Co-Solvents and Functional Excipient on Tailored Alginate–Pectin–Chitosan Blend Gelation Kinetics, Adhesiveness, and Performance. Gels. 2024; 10(1):3. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010003
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmante, Chiara, Giovanni Falcone, Rita P. Aquino, Paola Russo, Luigi Nicolais, and Pasquale Del Gaudio. 2024. "In Situ Hydrogel Formulation for Advanced Wound Dressing: Influence of Co-Solvents and Functional Excipient on Tailored Alginate–Pectin–Chitosan Blend Gelation Kinetics, Adhesiveness, and Performance" Gels 10, no. 1: 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010003
APA StyleAmante, C., Falcone, G., Aquino, R. P., Russo, P., Nicolais, L., & Del Gaudio, P. (2024). In Situ Hydrogel Formulation for Advanced Wound Dressing: Influence of Co-Solvents and Functional Excipient on Tailored Alginate–Pectin–Chitosan Blend Gelation Kinetics, Adhesiveness, and Performance. Gels, 10(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010003