A New Species of Neoscytalidium hylocereum sp. nov. Causing Canker on Red-Fleshed Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Southern Thailand
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection and Fungal Isolation
2.2. Pathogenicity Test
2.3. Morphological Observation
2.4. Molecular Identification
3. Results
3.1. Disease Observation and Symptom Recognition
3.2. Pathogenicity Test
3.3. Morphological Study
Species | Colony | Arthroconidia | Pycnidia | Pycnidial Conidia | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum | White or hyaline colony, turned dark gray to black after 12 days on PDA | Cylindrical to round, hyaline to brown, singly or in arthric chains, 9.4 ± 1.2 × 5.1 ± 0.8 μm (length/width ratio = 1.85) | Produced after 3–4 weeks, black, irregularly shaped to ovoid, singly or in aggregates | Hyaline, ellipsoidal to ovoid, 11.1 ± 0.7 × 5.5 ± 0.5 μm (length/width ratio = 2.03) | [32] |
N. novaehollandiae | – | Cylindrical, oblong to obtuse to doliiform, 0- to 1-septate, thick-walled, 5.2–11.2 × 2.9–4.9 μm, in arthric chains | Pycnidia (produced on pine needles on 1.5% water agar) semi-immersed or superficial with a mean diameter of 310 μm | Hyaline, ellipsoidal, becoming sepia, 0- to 1-septate, 3.1–4.1 × 12.2–13.8 μm | [33] |
N. hyalinum | White with dense and hairy aerial mycelium and gradually turned gray to olive green | Truncated-cylindrical, oblong–obtuse to doliiform, hyaline to dark brown, 0- to 2-septate, in arthric chains, 4.57–9.85 × 3.125–27 μm | – | – | [34] |
N. orchidacearum | Cream or white from above and reverse, with filamentous form or margin, flat | – | Stromatic, immersed, eventually erumpent, unilocular to multilocular (2~4-loculate), glabrous, brown to black, globose to subglobose, papillate, 200~500 μm diameter | Ellipsoidal to ovoid, hyaline, smooth, guttulate, aseptate becoming 2~3-septate, (10~) 12~13 (~15) × 3~5 (~6) μm (n = 50) | [31] |
TSU-HP01 | White, moderate growth of 3 cm/day, olive green to gray color and turned dark gray to black after 12 days | Ellipsoid to ovoid, globose, oblong–cylindrical, singly or in arthric chains, 0- to 2-septate, 3.70–9.65 (6.24 ± 1.77) × 2.46–6.15 (3.73 ± 1.04) μm, length/width ratio = 1.67 | Rarely produced on PDA after 4 weeks of incubation, brown to dark brown, singly or in aggregates | Ellipsoid, oblong or cylindrical, 9.81–13.52 (11.48 ± 0.93) × 3.73–5.04 (4.27 ± 0.36) μm, length/width ratio = 2.68 | This study |
3.4. Phylogenetic Tree Analysis
3.5. Taxonomy of a New Species
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Voucher/Culture | Location | Host | GenBank Accession Number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | tef1-α | tub | ||||
Botryosphaeria agaves | MFLUCC 11-0125 T | Thailand | Agaves sp. | JX646791 | JX646856 | JX646841 |
B. fusispora | MFLUCC 10-0098 T | Thailand | Caryota sp. | JX646789 | JX646854 | JX646839 |
B. dothidea | CMW8000 | Switzerland | Prunus sp. | AY236949 | AY236898 | AY236927 |
Cophinforma eucalypti | MFLUCC 11-0425 | Thailand | Eucalyptus sp. | JX646800 | JX646865 | JX646848 |
C. mamane | CBS 117444 | Venezuela | Eucalyptus sp. | KF531822 | KF531801 | KF531802 |
Guignardia bidwellii | CBS 111645 | USA: Missouri | Parthenocissus quinquefolia | FJ824766 | FJ824772 | FJ824777 |
G. citricarpa | CBS 102374 T | Brazil | Citrus aurantium | FJ824767 | FJ538371 | FJ824778 |
G. philoprina | CBS 447.68 | USA | Taxus baccata | FJ824768 | FJ824773 | FJ824779 |
Neofusicoccum mangiferae | CBS 118532 | Australia | M. indica | AY615186 | DQ093220 | AY615173 |
N. mediterraneum | CBS 121718 T | Greece | Eucalyptus sp. | GU251176 | GU251308 | GU251836 |
N. parvum | CBS 110301 | Portugal | Vitis vinifera | AY259098 | AY573221 | EU673095 |
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum | 10-B05 | USA: Kern | P. dulcis | MG021589 | MG021541 | MG021486 |
KARE1790 | USA: Madera | P. dulcis | MG021578 | MG021567 | MF991145 | |
KARE1791 | USA: Madera | P. dulcis | MG021579 | MG021531 | MG021476 | |
KARE1792 | USA: Madera | P. dulcis | MG021580 | MG021532 | MG021477 | |
KARE1794 | USA: Madera | P. dulcis | MG021582 | MG021534 | MG021479 | |
2-D53 | USA: Madera | Ficus carica | MG021568 | MG021521 | MG021511 | |
2-D56 | USA: Fresno | F. carica | MG021570 | MG021523 | MG021513 | |
CBS 145.78 I,* | United Kingdom | Homo sapiens | KF531816 | KF531795 | KF531796 | |
CBS 499.66 * | Mali | Mangifera indica | KF531820 | KF531798 | KF531800 | |
CBS 251.49 * | USA | Juglans regia | KF531819 | KF531797 | KF531799 | |
N. novaehollandiae | CBS122071 T | Australia | Crotalaria medcaginea | EF585540 | EF585580 | MT592760 |
CBS122070 | Australia | Grevillea agrifolia | EF585539 | EF585579 | MT592759 | |
CBS122072 | Australia | Adansonia gibbosa | EF585535 | EF585581 | MT592761 | |
N. orchidacearum | CMU287 T | Thailand | Cattleya sp. | KY933091 | N/A | N/A |
Neoscytalidium sp. | PSU-HP01 | Thailand | Hylocereus polyrhizus | LC590859 | LC590862 | LC647832 |
Neoscytalidium sp. | TSU-HP01 | Thailand | H. polyrhizus | LC590860 | LC590863 | LC647833 |
Neoscytalidium sp. | TSU-HP02 | Thailand | H. polyrhizus | LC590861 | LC590864 | LC647834 |
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Wonglom, P.; Pornsuriya, C.; Sunpapao, A. A New Species of Neoscytalidium hylocereum sp. nov. Causing Canker on Red-Fleshed Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Southern Thailand. J. Fungi 2023, 9, 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020197
Wonglom P, Pornsuriya C, Sunpapao A. A New Species of Neoscytalidium hylocereum sp. nov. Causing Canker on Red-Fleshed Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Southern Thailand. Journal of Fungi. 2023; 9(2):197. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020197
Chicago/Turabian StyleWonglom, Prisana, Chaninun Pornsuriya, and Anurag Sunpapao. 2023. "A New Species of Neoscytalidium hylocereum sp. nov. Causing Canker on Red-Fleshed Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Southern Thailand" Journal of Fungi 9, no. 2: 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020197