Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Variables
2.2.1. Dependent Variable
2.2.2. Independent variables
2.3. Statistical Analyses
2.4. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Total (n = 376) |
---|---|
Female sex, n (%) | 204 (54.3) |
Age (years), median (IQR) | 74 (67–82) |
Age group (years), n (%) | |
60–69 | 131 (34.8) |
70–79 | 119 (31.7) |
≥80 | 126 (33.5) |
Fracture previous, n (%) | 60 (16.1) |
Trauma mechanism, n (%) | |
Low energy | 247 (66.2) |
High energy | 126 (33.8) |
Fractured(s) bone(s), n (%) | |
Femur | 200 (55.2) |
Pelvis | 10 (2.7) |
Fibula | 11 (2.9) |
Tibia | 42 (11.2) |
Humerus | 25 (6.7) |
Radio | 27 (7.2) |
Ulna | 12 (3.2) |
Face bones | 13 (3.5) |
Vertebras | 30 (8.0) |
Skull | 11 (2.9) |
Type of fracture, n (%) | |
Open | 48 (12.8) |
Closed | 328 (87.3) |
Polypharmacy, n (%) | 74 (21.3) |
Admission in ICU, n (%) | 68 (18.1) |
Number of comorbidities, n (%) | |
0 | 86 (22.9%) |
1–2 | 130 (34.6%) |
≥3 | 160 (42.6%) |
Type of comorbidities, n (%) | |
Dementia | 39 (11.5) |
Diabetes Mellitus | 81 (24.0) |
Hypertension | 216 (64.1) |
Types of complications, n (%) | |
Pneumonia | 60 (16.0) |
Renal failure * | 28 (7.5) |
Pulmonary thromboembolism | 19 (5.1) |
Delirium | 53 (14.1) |
Sepsis | 31 (8.2) |
Pressure injury | 21 (5.6) |
Acute kidney insufficiency | 32 (8.5) |
Surgical site infection | 8 (2.1) |
Causes of Death | Total (%) | 60–69 Years | 70–79 Years | ≥80 Years | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
Basic Causes | |||||
Ground level fall | 44 (51.2) | 2 (4.5) | 11 (25.0) | 31 (70.5) | <0.001 |
Road Traffic injuries * | 15 (17.4) | 8 (53.3) | 5 (33.3) | 2 (13.3) | 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 5 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.003 |
Others ** | 22 (25.6) | 7 (31.8) | 6 (27.3) | 9 (40.9) | 0.271 |
End causes | |||||
Acute kidney insufficiency | 12 (13.9) | 2 (16.7) | 3 (25.0) | 7 (58.3) | 0.776 |
Shocks | 32 (37.2) | 6 (18.8) | 8 (25.0) | 18 (56.3) | 0.532 |
Pulmonary thromboembolism | 4 (4.7) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (50.0) | 0.953 |
Traumatic Brain Injury | 4 (4.7) | 2 (50.0) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (25.0) | 0.296 |
Other early complications of trauma | 9 (10.5) | 4 (44.4) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (22.2) | 0.103 |
Others *** | 25 (29.1) | 2 (8.0) | 11 (44.0) | 12 (48.0) | 0.119 |
Variables | N | Survival 1-Year (%) | HR (95%CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Female | 204 | 160 (78.4) | 1.00 | |
Male | 172 | 130 (75.6) | 1.16 (0.77–1.74) | 0.484 |
Age Group (years) | ||||
60–69 | 131 | 114 (87.0) | 1.00 | |
70–79 | 119 | 92 (77.3) | 1.82 (1.00–3.27) | 0.047 |
≥80 | 126 | 84 (66.7) | 2.85 (1.65–4.91) | <0.001 |
Fracture previous | ||||
No | 313 | 238 (76.0) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 60 | 49 (81.7) | 0.75 (0.40–1.40) | 0.372 |
Trauma Mechanism | ||||
High Energy | 126 | 104 (82.5) | 1.00 | |
Low Energy | 247 | 183 (74.1) | 1.51 (0.94–2.43) | 0.087 |
TBI | ||||
No | 330 | 262 (79.4) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 46 | 28 (60.9) | 2.14 (1.30–3.51) | 0.003 |
Femur Fracture | ||||
No | 176 | 144 (81.8) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 200 | 146 (73.0) | 1.54 (1.00–2.35) | 0.045 |
Type of Fracture | ||||
Open | 48 | 45 (93.7) | 1.00 | |
Closed | 328 | 245 (74.7) | 4.36 (1.39–13.70) | 0.012 |
Polypharmacy | ||||
No | 302 | 237 (78.5) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 74 | 73 (71.6) | 1.35 (0.84–2.15) | 0.213 |
ICU | ||||
No | 308 | 265 (86.0) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 68 | 25 (36.8) | 6.35 (4.27–9.44) | <0.001 |
Number of Comorbidities | ||||
0 | 86 | 73 (84.9) | 1.00 | |
1–2 | 130 | 104 (80.0) | 1.33 (0.69–1.56) | 0.397 |
≥ 3 | 160 | 113 (70.6) | 2.02 (1.10–3.70) | 0.023 |
Dementia | ||||
No | 299 | 242 (80.9) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 39 | 21 (53.8) | 2.90 (1.75–4.81) | <0.001 |
DM | ||||
No | 257 | 210 (81.7) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 81 | 53 (65.4) | 2.00 (1.27–3.10) | 0.003 |
SAH | ||||
No | 121 | 101 (83.5) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 216 | 161 (74.5) | 1.60 (0.96–2.62) | 0.069 |
Delirium | ||||
No | 323 | 261 (80.8) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 53 | 29 (54.7) | 2.66 (1.72–4.12) | <0.001 |
Variables | Adjusted HR (95%CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Sex Male | 1.50 (0.89–2.51) | 0.126 |
Age Group (years) | ||
70–79 Years | 1.91 (0.78–4.68) | 0.154 |
≥80 Years | 2.64 (1.09–6.39) | 0.031 |
Mechanism of Low Energy Trauma | 1.10 (0.52–2.30) | 0.818 |
Femur Fracture | 1.08 (0.61–1.90) | 0.796 |
Closed Fracture | 2.53 (0.64–10.11) | 0.187 |
Admission in ICU | 4.56 (2.86–7.28) | <0.001 |
TBI | 0.93 (0.42–2.05) | 0.858 |
Number of Comorbidities | ||
1–2 | 2.47 (0.58–10.54) | 0.222 |
≥3 | 2.44 (0.51–11.54) | 0.261 |
Dementia | 1.95 (1.15–3.31) | 0.013 |
DM | 1.90 (1.18–3.07) | 0.008 |
SAH | 0.97 (0.52–1.84) | 0.948 |
Delirium | 1.45 (0.86–2.47) | 0.159 |
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Nunes, B.K.G.; Lima, B.R.d.; Guimarães, L.C.d.C.; Guimarães, R.A.; Rosso, C.F.W.; Felipe, L.d.A.; Pagotto, V. Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year. Geriatrics 2020, 5, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5010010
Nunes BKG, Lima BRd, Guimarães LCdC, Guimarães RA, Rosso CFW, Felipe LdA, Pagotto V. Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year. Geriatrics. 2020; 5(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5010010
Chicago/Turabian StyleNunes, Brenda Kelly Gonçalves, Brunna Rodrigues de Lima, Lara Cristina da Cunha Guimarães, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Claci Fátima Weirich Rosso, Lucenda de Almeida Felipe, and Valéria Pagotto. 2020. "Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year" Geriatrics 5, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5010010
APA StyleNunes, B. K. G., Lima, B. R. d., Guimarães, L. C. d. C., Guimarães, R. A., Rosso, C. F. W., Felipe, L. d. A., & Pagotto, V. (2020). Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year. Geriatrics, 5(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5010010