The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Conceptual Definition
2.1.1. Chronic Pain
2.1.2. Pain Perception
2.1.3. Older Adults’ Pain Self-Management
2.2. Participants and Recruiting Procedure
2.3. Data Collection
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Defining the Challenge of Self-Management
3.1.1. Natural Aging
3.1.2. Health Warning
3.2. Connecting Previous Caretaking Experiences
3.2.1. Other Experiences of Pain Management
3.2.2. Self-Experience of Pain Management
3.3. Adjusting the Identity of Self-Management
3.3.1. Objects of Pain Management
3.3.2. Subjects of Pain Management
3.4. Acquiring Support from Important others
3.4.1. High-Frequency and Low-Association Support
3.4.2. Low-Frequency and High-Association Support
3.5. Re-Planning Self-Management Arrangements
3.5.1. Vicious Circle
3.5.2. Benign Change
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Participant Pseudonym | Sex | Age (Years) | Illness Condition | Important Others | Living Situation | Social Worker | Nurse | Report | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alzheimer’s (Yes/No) | Chronic Pain | ||||||||
Wu | Female | 93 | Yes | Femur fracture, bedsores | Son | Family life | Ting | Lin | Proxy report by son |
Xie | Male | 81 | Yes | Low back pain, bedsores | Wife | Family life | Ting | Lin | Proxy report by wife |
Zeng | Female | 88 | Yes | Shoulder periarthritis, arthritis | Daughter, nanny | Family life | Ting | Lin | Proxy report by daughter |
Chen | Male | 71 | Yes | Tibia fracture, back pain | Wife, nanny | Family life | Ting | Zhuang | Proxy report by wife |
Zhou | Female | 79 | Yes | Rheumatoid arthritis | Husband, nanny | Family life | Ting | Zhuang | Proxy report by husband |
Huang | Female | 93 | No | Right leg fracture, rheumatoid arthritis | Nanny | Non-family care life | Ting | Lin | Self-report |
Shu | Female | 74 | No | Shoulder periarthritis | Husband | Family life | Ting | Lin | Self-report |
Yang | Female | 95 | No | Rheumatoid arthritis | Daughter | Living alone | Ting | Lin | Self-report |
Luo | Female | 83 | No | Low back pain | Living alone | Ting | Lin | Self-report | |
Yu | Male | 83 | No | Arthritis | Living alone | Ting | Zhuang | Self-report |
Subthemes | Final Nodes | Initial Nodes |
---|---|---|
High-frequency and low-association support | High-frequency support | Seniors live under 24-h monitoring by caregivers |
Visits from other important family members once or twice a week | ||
Live and eat together every day | ||
Low-association support | Needs of older adults are misrepresented | |
Older adults are considered mentally abnormal | ||
Older adults are seen as a burden | ||
Caregivers arrange their lives according to their preferences | ||
Low-frequency and high-association support | Low-frequency support | Older adults live alone |
Older adults travel alone | ||
Visits from family members during holidays | ||
High-association support | Older adults put forward their own needs | |
Older adults reject help they do not need | ||
Important others provide assistance according to the needs of older adults | ||
Older adults provide feedback to important others on their effectiveness |
Themes | Subthemes |
---|---|
Defining the challenge of self-management | Natural aging |
Health warning | |
Connecting previous caretaking experiences | Other experiences of pain management |
Self-experience of pain management | |
Adjusting the identity of self-management | Object of pain management |
Subject of pain management | |
Acquiring support from important others | High-frequency and low-association support |
Low-frequency and high-association support | |
Re-planning self-management arrangements | Vicious circle |
Benign change |
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Liu, F.; Tong, M. The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care. Geriatrics 2018, 3, 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040064
Liu F, Tong M. The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care. Geriatrics. 2018; 3(4):64. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040064
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Fang, and Min Tong. 2018. "The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care" Geriatrics 3, no. 4: 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040064
APA StyleLiu, F., & Tong, M. (2018). The Situated Influence of Chronic Pain Perception on Chinese Older Adults’ Self-Management in Home Care. Geriatrics, 3(4), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics3040064