Memory and Learning Complaints in Relation to Depression among Elderly People with Multimorbidity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Variables
- Difficulty experienced last 30 days, concentrating/remembering things
- Difficulty experienced last 30 days, learning a new task
- Ever diagnosed with depression
- Felt sad, empty, or depressed last 12 months
2.3. Analytical Procedure
2.4. Ethics Statement
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence Rates
3.2. Participant Characteristics
3.3. Association between Mulmorbidity with Cognitive Problem and Depression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | N (%) | Female (74.9%) | Male (25.1%) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (62.27 ± 10.09) | (62.44 ± 10.23) | (61.79 ± 9.70) | 0.935 | |
50–59 | 193 (45.7) | 44.9 | 48.1 | |
60–69 | 129 (30.6) | 30.7 | 30.2 | |
70–79 | 70 (16.6) | 17.1 | 15.1 | |
79+ | 30 (7.1) | 7.3 | 6.6 | |
Marital status | 0.18 | |||
Married | 116 (27.5) | 28.2 | 25.5 | |
Divorced/widowed | 210 (49.8) | 46.2 | 60.4 | |
Never married | 96 (22.7) | 25.6 | 14.2 | |
Educational attainment | 0.018 | |||
Nil | 174 (41.2) | 44.6 | 31.1 | |
Adult education only | 27 (6.4) | 5.1 | 10.4 | |
Up to grade 12 | 221 (52.4) | 50.3 | 58.5 | |
Financial situation compared to 3 Years ago | 0.89 | |||
Better | 67 (15.9) | 15.8 | 16.0 | |
About the same | 136 (32.2) | 31.6 | 34.0 | |
Much worse | 219 (51.9) | 52.5 | 50.0 | |
Current tobacco use | <0.0001 | |||
Daily | 33 (7.8) | 6.0 | 13.2 | |
Not daily | 15 (3.6) | 1.9 | 8.5 | |
No | 374(88.6) | 92.1 | 78.3 | |
Average times had alcoholic drink last 12 months * | <0.0001 | |||
<1 a month | 23 (5.5) | 2.5 | 14.2 | |
1– 7 days/month | 21 (5.0) | 3.5 | 9.4 | |
1–4 days/week | 13 (3.1) | 1.9 | 6.6 | |
None | 365 (86.5) | 92.1 | 69.8 | |
BMI | <0.0001 | |||
Normal weight | 43 (10.2) | 8.9 | 14.2 | |
Overweight | 109 (25.8) | 21.2 | 39.6 | |
Obese | 270 (64.0) | 69.9 | 46.2 | |
SRH | <0.0001 | |||
Very good | 6 (1.4) | 0 | 5.7 | |
Good | 90 (21.3) | 18.4 | 30.2 | |
Moderate | 232 (55.0) | 56.3 | 50.9 | |
Bad | 88 (20.9) | 23.4 | 13.2 | |
Very bad | 5 (1.2) | 1.6 | 0 | |
Frequency of NCDs | <0.0001 | |||
0 | 121 (28.7) | 25.0 | 39.6 | |
1 | 171 (40.5) | 39.2 | 44.3 | |
>1 | 130 (30.8) | 35.8 | 16.0 |
No. of morbidities | Memory complaints | Learning complaints | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Women (OR, 95%CI) | Men (OR, 95%CI) | Women (OR, 95%CI) | Men (OR, 95%CI) | |
None | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
One | 9.37 (0.423–14.428) | 2.667 * (1.392–4.021) | 2.667 (0.337–21.116) | 3.136 * (1.003–9.807) |
Multiple | 4.33 * (2.96–14.633) | 1.131 (0.324–3.952) | 1.683 (0.683–6.683) | 1.752 (0.773–3.970) |
No. of morbidities | Depression diagnosis | Perceived depression | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Women (OR, 95%CI) | Men (OR, 95%CI) | Women (OR, 95%CI) | Men (OR, 95%CI) | |
None | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
One | 0.967 (0.532–1.756) | 1.849 * (1.515–3.40) | 0.867 (0.470–1.602) | 1.332 (0.148–2.971) |
Multiple | 1.400 * (1.045–5.676) | 1.032 (0.307–3.470) | 1.700 * (1.41–2.192) | 0.906 (0.146–3.612) |
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Ghose, B.; Abdoul Razak, M.Y. Memory and Learning Complaints in Relation to Depression among Elderly People with Multimorbidity. Geriatrics 2017, 2, 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2020015
Ghose B, Abdoul Razak MY. Memory and Learning Complaints in Relation to Depression among Elderly People with Multimorbidity. Geriatrics. 2017; 2(2):15. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2020015
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhose, Bishwajit, and Mahaman Yacoubou Abdoul Razak. 2017. "Memory and Learning Complaints in Relation to Depression among Elderly People with Multimorbidity" Geriatrics 2, no. 2: 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2020015