Food Front-of-Pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-Wide Cross-Sectional Expert Opinion Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Sample and Setting
2.3. Instrument
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Ethical Considerations
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample Characteristics
3.2. Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labelling Systems Knowledge and Suggestions for Improvement
3.3. Features and Functions of Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labelling System vs. Nutri-Score Labelling System
3.4. Implementation of the Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labelling System
4. Discussion
4.1. Current Food Labelling and Prospects for Development
4.2. Key Features of FOPL vs. Nutri-Score System
4.3. Positive Features of the Nutri-Score System in Light of the Desirable Characteristics of FOPL
4.4. Features of an Ideal FOPL That the Nutri-Score Does Not Meet
4.5. Implementation of the Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labelling System
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | |
---|---|---|
Workplace | ||
Medical university | 27 | 36 |
Agricultural university | 26 | 35 |
Other university | 9 | 12 |
Scientific research institute | 9 | 12 |
Hospital/clinic/surgery | 12 | 16 |
Nature of the work | ||
Conducting research on nutritional labelling of products | 11 | 15 |
Conducting classes with students (lectures, seminars, exercises) on nutritional labelling of products | 41 | 55 |
Conducting workshops/training sessions on nutrition labelling issues | 18 | 24 |
Providing dietary counselling | 26 | 35 |
Newly Designed FOPL | Nutri-Score System | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feature/Function * | M ± SD (95%C.I.) | Mdn | Meets (%) (95%C.I.) | Does Not Meet (%) (95%C.I.) | No Opinion (%) (95%C.I.) |
Clear, understandable, simple | 4.92 ± 0.27 (4.86; 4.98) | 5 | 48.0 (37.3; 58.7) | 25.3 (16.0; 36.0) | 26.7 (17.3; 36.0) |
Compliant with healthy eating recommendations | 4.91 ± 0.29 (4.84; 4.97) | 5 | 36.0 (25.3; 46.7) | 34.7 (25.3; 46.7) | 29.3 (20.0; 40.0) |
Allows an objective comparison between products from the same product group (e.g., cereals) offered by different manufacturers | 4.59 ± 0.50 (4.47; 4.70) | 5 | 46.7 (34.7; 57.3) | 28.0 (18.7; 38.7) | 25.3 (14.7; 36.0) |
Helpful for nutrition education | 4.57 ± 0.57 (4.44; 4.71) | 5 | 34.7 (24.0; 45.3) | 28.0 (18.7; 38.7) | 37.3 (26.7; 49.3) |
Facilitates the composition of a balanced diet | 4.53 ± 0.55 (4.41; 4.66) | 5 | 5.3 (1.3; 10.7) | 80.0 (70.7; 89.3) | 14.7 (6.7; 22.7) |
Gives an overall assessment of the nutritional value | 4.33 ± 0.70 (4.17; 4.50) | 4 | 65.3 (54.7; 76.0) | 8.0 (2.7; 13.3) | 26.7 (17.3; 37.3) |
Applicable to all product groups | 4.32 ± 0.70 (4.16; 4.48) | 4 | 2.7 (0.0; 6.7) | 57.3 (46.7; 68.0) | 40.0 (29.3; 52.0) |
Takes into account the degree of processing of the product | 4.23 ± 0.86 (4.03; 4.43) | 4 | 1.3 (0.0; 4.0) | 76.0 (66.7; 85.3) | 22.7 (13.3; 32.0) |
Encourages a thorough understanding of the composition and nutritional value of the product | 4.20 ± 0.70 (4.04; 4.36) | 4 | 29.3 (18.7; 40.0) | 38.7 (26.7; 50.7) | 32.0 (20.0; 42.7) |
Pushes companies to improve their recipes from a nutritional perspective without having the main objective of obtaining a more favourable rating under the labelling scheme | 4.19 ± 0.82 (4.00; 4.37) | 4 | 46.7 (36.0; 58.7) | 24.0 (14.7; 33.3) | 29.3 (18.7; 40.0) |
Allows the customer to make a quick purchasing decision | 4.17 ± 0.79 (3.99; 4.36) | 4 | 81.3 (72.0; 90.7) | 6.7 (1.3; 13.3) | 12.0 (5.3; 20.0) |
Takes into account the full nutritional value of the products (macronutrients, minerals, vitamins, bioactive compounds, etc.) | 4.08 ± 0.94 (3.86; 4.30) | 4 | 2.7 (0.0; 6.7) | 74.7 (64.0; 84.0) | 22.7 (13.3; 32.0) |
Universal for all EU countries | 4.07 ± 0.86 (3.87; 4.26) | 4 | 32.0 (22.7; 44.0) | 33.3 (22.7; 44.0) | 34.7 (22.7; 45.3) |
Does not depreciate regional, traditional and organic products | 4.07 ± 0.78 (3.89; 4.25) | 4 | 21.3 (12.0; 32.0) | 30.7 (20.0; 41.3) | 48.0 (36.0; 60.0) |
Allows objective comparisons between different product groups (e.g., a group of sweets to a group of cheeses) | 3.76 ± 1.18 (3.49; 4.03) | 4 | 16.0 (8.0; 25.3) | 46.7 (36.0; 58.7) | 37.3 (26.7; 48.0) |
Does not depreciate any product group | 3.57 ± 1.07 (3.33; 3.82) | 4 | 4.0 (0.0; 9.3) | 64.0 (52.0; 74.7) | 32.0 (21.3; 44.0) |
Includes the carbon footprint | 3.20 ± 0.97 (2.98; 3.42) | 3 | 5.3 (1.3; 10.7) | 54.7 (42.7; 66.6) | 40.0 (29.3; 52.0) |
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Panczyk, M.; Dobrowolski, H.; Sińska, B.I.; Kucharska, A.; Jaworski, M.; Traczyk, I. Food Front-of-Pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-Wide Cross-Sectional Expert Opinion Study. Foods 2023, 12, 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122346
Panczyk M, Dobrowolski H, Sińska BI, Kucharska A, Jaworski M, Traczyk I. Food Front-of-Pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-Wide Cross-Sectional Expert Opinion Study. Foods. 2023; 12(12):2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122346
Chicago/Turabian StylePanczyk, Mariusz, Hubert Dobrowolski, Beata I. Sińska, Alicja Kucharska, Mariusz Jaworski, and Iwona Traczyk. 2023. "Food Front-of-Pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-Wide Cross-Sectional Expert Opinion Study" Foods 12, no. 12: 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122346
APA StylePanczyk, M., Dobrowolski, H., Sińska, B. I., Kucharska, A., Jaworski, M., & Traczyk, I. (2023). Food Front-of-Pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-Wide Cross-Sectional Expert Opinion Study. Foods, 12(12), 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122346