Next Article in Journal
Vitamin D in Peri-Implant and Periodontal Tissue
Previous Article in Journal
Fluoride Levels in Austrian Drinking Water Are Insufficient for Effective Caries Prevention
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Dentistry Journal
Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/dj13100447
dentistry-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Chitosan-Coated Elastomeric Orthodontic Modules

by
Lucía Gabriela Beltrán-Novelo
1,
Fernando Javier Aguilar-Pérez
1,*,
Myriam Angélica De La Garza-Ramos
2,*,
Arturo Abraham Cienfuegos-Sarmiento
3,
José Rubén Herrera-Atoche
1,
Martha Gabriela Chuc-Gamboa
1,
Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez
4 and
Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez
5
1
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatan, Mérida 97000, Mexico
2
Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
3
Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Electríca, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
4
Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
5
Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97205, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Dent. J. 2025, 13(10), 447; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13100447
Submission received: 14 June 2025 / Revised: 6 August 2025 / Accepted: 8 September 2025 / Published: 29 September 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Orthodontic appliances disrupt oral biofilm homeostasis, leading to an increase in plaque and disease risk. Elastomeric modules (EMs) promote bacterial growth due to their material composition. Surface coatings have been developed to reduce bacterial colonization. We evaluated the mechanical, antimicrobial, and cell viability properties of a chitosan coating for EMs. Methods: EMs were coated with chitosan (CS) and chitosan-glutaraldehyde (CS-GTA) to assess antimicrobial and cell viability. Uncoated EMs were used as a control. These surface-coated modules were characterized and analyzed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, and tensile testing. Antibacterial activity was assessed by colony-forming units (CFU) counts after incubation. Cell viability was tested with gingival fibroblasts using the MTT assay. ANOVA, Tukey, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Raman spectra of the chitosan coatings showed characteristic molecular vibration bands. ANOVA revealed a significant difference in mechanical properties between the materials and between the control and the CS-GTA groups, confirmed by the Tukey post hoc test. No significant difference was observed between the groups in the Yield Stress test. All the coated groups showed reduced CFU counts in the antibacterial assay. The average cell viability of the coated groups was 85% and 89%. Conclusions: We synthesized CS and GTA-cross-linked chitosan coatings. The coatings did not affect the mechanical properties of the elastomeric modules. The chitosan and glutaraldehyde-cross-linked CS coatings inhibited bacterial growth. No significant differences were observed in antibacterial activity between the CS and the GTA-crosslinked chitosan coatings.
Keywords: chitosan; glutaraldehyde; elastomeric modules; orthodontics; oral biofilm chitosan; glutaraldehyde; elastomeric modules; orthodontics; oral biofilm

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Beltrán-Novelo, L.G.; Aguilar-Pérez, F.J.; De La Garza-Ramos, M.A.; Cienfuegos-Sarmiento, A.A.; Herrera-Atoche, J.R.; Chuc-Gamboa, M.G.; Rodríguez-Chávez, J.A.; Cauich-Rodríguez, J.V. Mechanical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Chitosan-Coated Elastomeric Orthodontic Modules. Dent. J. 2025, 13, 447. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13100447

AMA Style

Beltrán-Novelo LG, Aguilar-Pérez FJ, De La Garza-Ramos MA, Cienfuegos-Sarmiento AA, Herrera-Atoche JR, Chuc-Gamboa MG, Rodríguez-Chávez JA, Cauich-Rodríguez JV. Mechanical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Chitosan-Coated Elastomeric Orthodontic Modules. Dentistry Journal. 2025; 13(10):447. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13100447

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beltrán-Novelo, Lucía Gabriela, Fernando Javier Aguilar-Pérez, Myriam Angélica De La Garza-Ramos, Arturo Abraham Cienfuegos-Sarmiento, José Rubén Herrera-Atoche, Martha Gabriela Chuc-Gamboa, Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez, and Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez. 2025. "Mechanical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Chitosan-Coated Elastomeric Orthodontic Modules" Dentistry Journal 13, no. 10: 447. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13100447

APA Style

Beltrán-Novelo, L. G., Aguilar-Pérez, F. J., De La Garza-Ramos, M. A., Cienfuegos-Sarmiento, A. A., Herrera-Atoche, J. R., Chuc-Gamboa, M. G., Rodríguez-Chávez, J. A., & Cauich-Rodríguez, J. V. (2025). Mechanical and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Chitosan-Coated Elastomeric Orthodontic Modules. Dentistry Journal, 13(10), 447. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13100447

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop