Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations: Techniques Review and Proposal for Improvement
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Aim and Rationale
3. Treatment Concepts
3.1. The Fixed Denture
3.2. The Ohio State University Method
3.3. Brånemark Novum Protocol
3.4. Trefoil System
3.5. Stumpel Modular Substructure
3.6. The Malo/Toronto Bridges
3.7. The Bar with Sectioned Restorations
3.8. Complete Arch Zirconia Screwed to a Metal Bar
3.9. Full-Arch Zirconia
4. Proposal for Improvement
4.1. The Choice
4.2. The Proposed Novel Technique
4.2.1. Data Acquisition
- Assessment of implant positioning
- Optical registration with an intraoral scanner (IOS) or with a photogrammetry device must be carried out; photogrammetry has been shown to have better accuracy when superimposing implant positions for all-on-X-type restorations [51].
- Conventional pick-up impression with splinted impression copings, followed by model casting with implant analogs and model scanning must be carried out directly in the dental office, or the technician can provide a jig to be splinted intraorally.
- A mixed protocol may allow the use of an intraoral scan for gingiva and implant positioning, followed by a bonded jig for precision assessment, model casting and scanning and finally overlapping the first and second scans.
- Registration of gingiva can be carried out at the same time as the implant positioning assessment or it can be scanned/impression-model-scanned and digitally overlapped.
- Vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) can be assessed using photography, facial scanning, radiographs or occlusal rims.
- Intermaxillary occlusal relations may be assessed through either static or dynamic occlusal registration.
- Static occlusion registration—through the use of occlusal rims.
- Dynamic occlusion registration—through the use of devices that capture and record real jaw motion.
4.2.2. Restoration Design and Validation
4.2.3. Manufacturing and Delivery
4.2.4. Follow-Up
5. Discussion
5.1. Passivity and Accuracy
5.2. Strength and Flexibility
5.3. Weight
5.4. Biological Aspects and Interfaces
5.5. Maintenance
5.6. Options
6. Conclusions
- Material and technology advancements:
- ○
- Modern digital workflows offer clinicians a wide range of materials and techniques that encompass both analog and digital approaches for fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), each with specific strengths and limitations.
- Proposed technique combines:
- ○
- Passivity, strength, and weight reduction via a titanium framework.
- ○
- Aesthetic benefits and durability through a zirconia superstructure.
- Reverse engineering process:
- ○
- Utilizes advanced software with a dual software approach to reverse engineer the titanium bar based on the desired restoration.
- ○
- Enhances the esthetic outcome by optimizing the design for predictability, volume, and weight reduction.
- Potential limitations:
- ○
- The presence of an additional interface could present long-term challenges.
- ○
- Evidence supporting the long-term biological and mechanical performance of hybrid restorations, such as those combining titanium and zirconia, is currently limited.
- Future directions:
- ○
- Further research is needed, including clinical follow-up and comparative studies to assess the outcomes and long-term performance of various FDP restoration options.
- ○
- Comparative research should focus on evaluating analog and digital workflows to identify best practices for specific clinical scenarios.
- ○
- Continued advancements in cost-effective, user-friendly digital solutions can help bridge gaps in accessibility and adoption, while maintaining a biologically driven treatment approach.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Froimovici, F.-O.; Butnărașu, C.C.; Montanari, M.; Săndulescu, M. Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations: Techniques Review and Proposal for Improvement. Dent. J. 2024, 12, 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12120408
Froimovici F-O, Butnărașu CC, Montanari M, Săndulescu M. Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations: Techniques Review and Proposal for Improvement. Dentistry Journal. 2024; 12(12):408. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12120408
Chicago/Turabian StyleFroimovici, Florin-Octavian, Cristian Corneliu Butnărașu, Marco Montanari, and Mihai Săndulescu. 2024. "Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations: Techniques Review and Proposal for Improvement" Dentistry Journal 12, no. 12: 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12120408
APA StyleFroimovici, F.-O., Butnărașu, C. C., Montanari, M., & Săndulescu, M. (2024). Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations: Techniques Review and Proposal for Improvement. Dentistry Journal, 12(12), 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12120408