Evolving Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Neurologically Stable Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case | Gender | Age at Onset | Age at Diagnosis | Clinical Features at Presentation | OMS Score at Diagnosis | Presence of Neuroblastoma | Treatment | Response | Age at Last Follow-Up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Male | 23 months | 25 months | Unsteady gait, abnormal eye movements, opsoclonus, titubation, intention tremor and ataxia | 8/15 | No | Prednisolone IVIG | Good | 13 years |
2 | Female | 30 months | 34 months | Unsteady gait, vomiting, opsoclonus and regression in language | 12/15 | No | Dexamethasone | Good | 7 years 6 months |
3 | Female | 17 months | 17 months | Limb tremors, ataxia, loss of lower limb and truncal control and loss of speech | 11/15 | Yes | Surgical resection of neuroblastoma Dexamethasone Cyclophosphamide | Good | 7 years 8 months |
Case | Age | Intellectual Functioning | Other Domains Tested |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 4 years 11 months | FSIQ: 99 VIQ: 98 PIQ: 101 | Attention (selective): – Visuospatial skills: ++ Language (receptive): – Language (expressive): – |
6 years 7 months | FSIQ: 66 VIQ: 78 PIQ: 67 | Processing speed: ++ Language (receptive): – Language (expressive): – | |
8 years 4 months | FSIQ: 5 VIQ: 53 PIQ: 71 | Attention (working memory): ++ Processing speed: ++ Visuospatial skills: ++ Language (receptive): ++ Language (expressive): ++ Academic (reading): ++ Academic (spelling): ++ | |
2 | 5 years 6 months | FSIQ: 100 VIQ: 108 PIQ: 104 | Attention (sustained): – Attention (working memory): – Processing speed: – Visuospatial skills: + Memory (new learning): – Memory (delayed recall): – |
7 years 6 months | FSIQ: 81 VIQ: 81 PIQ: 82 | Attention (sustained): ++ Attention (working memory): – Processing speed: – Visuospatial skills: + Language (receptive): – Memory (new learning): – Memory (delayed recall): – Academic (reading): – Academic (spelling): – | |
3 | 5 years 3 months | FSIQ: 81 VIQ: 95 | Not tested |
7 years 8 months | FSIQ: 68 VIQ: 70 PIQ: 69 | Attention (sustained): ++ Processing speed: ++ Language (receptive): ++ Language (expressive): – Memory (new learning): – Memory (delayed recall): – Academic (reading): – Academic (spelling): – |
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Goh, E.L.; Scarff, K.; Satariano, S.; Lim, M.; Anand, G. Evolving Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Neurologically Stable Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome. Children 2020, 7, 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090103
Goh EL, Scarff K, Satariano S, Lim M, Anand G. Evolving Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Neurologically Stable Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome. Children. 2020; 7(9):103. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090103
Chicago/Turabian StyleGoh, En Lin, Kate Scarff, Stephanie Satariano, Ming Lim, and Geetha Anand. 2020. "Evolving Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Neurologically Stable Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome" Children 7, no. 9: 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090103
APA StyleGoh, E. L., Scarff, K., Satariano, S., Lim, M., & Anand, G. (2020). Evolving Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Neurologically Stable Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome. Children, 7(9), 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090103