Method Standardization for Conducting Innate Color Preference Studies in Different Zebrafish Strains
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Animal Ethics and Animal Used in the Study
2.2. Color Preference Assay
2.3. Data Analysis
2.4. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Overview of Experimental Design and Instrument Setting
3.2. Experiment 1: Light Source Position on Zebrafish Color Preferences
3.3. Experiment 2: Tank Size (Animal Density) on Zebrafish Color Preferences
3.4. Experiment 3 and 4: Social Interaction and Gender on Zebrafish Color Preference
3.5. Experiment 5: Age Effect on Zebrafish Color Preferences
3.6. Experiment 6: The Strain- and Species-Specific Effect on Zebrafish Color Preference
3.7. Experiment 7: Effect of Ethanol on Zebrafish Color Preference
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Color | Bottom Light Intensity (Lux) | Top Light Intensity (Lux) |
---|---|---|
Red | 440 | 430 |
Yellow | 450 | 533 |
Green | 430 | 497 |
Blue | 410 | 424 |
Color | Wavelength Spectrum (nm) and Maximum Wavelength | Reflectance (%) | Irradiance (uWatt/nm) |
---|---|---|---|
Red | 625–740 (625) | 97 | 0.000489 |
Yellow | 565–590 (572) | 99 | 0.000587 |
Green | 500–565 (541) | 100 | 0.000376 |
Blue | 450–485 (456) | 98 | 0.000358 |
White | 380–700 (561) | 100 | 0.000691 |
Gray | 400–700 (564) | 96 | 0.000207 |
Black | 500–700 (588) | 80 | 0.0000342 |
Illumination Direction | Tank Type | Experimental Design | Fish Gender | Fish Strain | Color Preferences Ranking | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Top | T-Maze with colored plastic sleeves | Single fish | N.D. | AB | Red = Green > Yellow = Blue = No color | [11] |
Two-chambered PP (23 × 15 × 15 cm) | n = 12 | |||||
Bottom (LED plate) | Transparent acrylic plastic sheeting with a thickness of 3 mm. The dimensions of the tank 230 × 150 × 150 mm | Single fish | N.D. | AB | Blue > White > Red | [13] |
n = 18 | ||||||
Top | T-Maze | Single Fish | Male and Female | AB | Blue > Purple > Green > Yellow = Orange > Blank | [3] |
n = 7–10 | ||||||
Bottom | T-maze setup | n = 12 | N.D. | AB | Blue > Red > Green > Yellow | [7] |
(Noldus IT (Information Technology)) | ||||||
Bottom | Cross maze | Larvae | N.D. | Wild-type purchased from local pet stores | Blue > Red > Green | [6] |
n = 40 | ||||||
Top | 20 l glass aquaria | Group of 10 fish | N.D. | Zebrafish obtained from a commercial supplier | Red > Green > >White > Blue | [2] |
(Colored Light) | (40 × 25 × 30 cm) | |||||
Bottom | 50 cm diameter transparent plastic tanks were divided into four laterals compartments of a similar size of 7 cm | n = 12 | N.D. | Zebrafish obtained from a local fish farm | Blue = Green > Red = Yellow | [1] |
Top | Cross-maze with sidearm covered in different colors | Single fish | N.D. | AB | Blue > Red = Green > Yellow | [14] |
n minimum = 8 |
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Siregar, P.; Juniardi, S.; Audira, G.; Lai, Y.-H.; Huang, J.-C.; Chen, K.H.-C.; Chen, J.-R.; Hsiao, C.-D. Method Standardization for Conducting Innate Color Preference Studies in Different Zebrafish Strains. Biomedicines 2020, 8, 271. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8080271
Siregar P, Juniardi S, Audira G, Lai Y-H, Huang J-C, Chen KH-C, Chen J-R, Hsiao C-D. Method Standardization for Conducting Innate Color Preference Studies in Different Zebrafish Strains. Biomedicines. 2020; 8(8):271. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8080271
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiregar, Petrus, Stevhen Juniardi, Gilbert Audira, Yu-Heng Lai, Jong-Chin Huang, Kelvin H.-C. Chen, Jung-Ren Chen, and Chung-Der Hsiao. 2020. "Method Standardization for Conducting Innate Color Preference Studies in Different Zebrafish Strains" Biomedicines 8, no. 8: 271. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8080271