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Biomedicines
Volume 14
Issue 3
10.3390/biomedicines14030581
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Review

Clinical Applications and Mathematical Models of Bowel Sounds

by
Wanying Geng
1,2,†,
Xinyuan Cao
2,†,
Wanying Liao
2 and
Yingyun Yang
2,*
1
4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
2
Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Biomedicines 2026, 14(3), 581; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14030581
Submission received: 1 February 2026 / Revised: 25 February 2026 / Accepted: 27 February 2026 / Published: 5 March 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular and Translational Medicine)
Versions Notes

Abstract

As a non-invasive, quantitative, and objective evaluation method, the analysis of bowel sounds has shown significant potential in clinical practice. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of signal processing techniques and analysis methods, research on bowel sounds has made significant progress. In this review, we discuss the main clinical applications of bowel sounds and summarize the commonly used analysis methods for bowel sounds at present. It is necessary to explore more comprehensive and effective signal processing technologies and methods in the future, and also establish a well-organized bowel sound database and scientific classification standards. This will promote better application of bowel sounds in clinical practice.
Keywords: bowel sounds; clinical applications; mathematical models bowel sounds; clinical applications; mathematical models

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Geng, W.; Cao, X.; Liao, W.; Yang, Y. Clinical Applications and Mathematical Models of Bowel Sounds. Biomedicines 2026, 14, 581. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14030581

AMA Style

Geng W, Cao X, Liao W, Yang Y. Clinical Applications and Mathematical Models of Bowel Sounds. Biomedicines. 2026; 14(3):581. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14030581

Chicago/Turabian Style

Geng, Wanying, Xinyuan Cao, Wanying Liao, and Yingyun Yang. 2026. "Clinical Applications and Mathematical Models of Bowel Sounds" Biomedicines 14, no. 3: 581. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14030581

APA Style

Geng, W., Cao, X., Liao, W., & Yang, Y. (2026). Clinical Applications and Mathematical Models of Bowel Sounds. Biomedicines, 14(3), 581. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14030581

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