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Biomedicines
Volume 13
Issue 12
10.3390/biomedicines13122912
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

The Role and Research Progress of CD8+ T Cells in Sepsis

by
Xianwen Wang
1,2,
Qihang Huang
1,2,
Zhihong Zuo
1,2,
Zhanwen Wang
1,2,
Lina Zhang
1,2,* and
Zhaoxin Qian
1,2,*
1
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
2
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2025, 13(12), 2912; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122912 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 10 October 2025 / Revised: 24 November 2025 / Accepted: 26 November 2025 / Published: 27 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Immunology and Immunotherapy)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by infection, characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and responsible for over 11 million deaths worldwide annually. Recent studies have demonstrated that immune dysfunction represents a core element in the pathophysiology of sepsis, in which cluster of differentiation 8–positive (CD8+) T cells, as key executors of cellular immunity, play a critical role in immune dysregulation. This review systematically elaborates on the quantitative changes, functional status, and molecular regulatory mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in sepsis, including abnormalities in metabolic reprogramming, cell death pathways, transcriptional regulation, and intercellular communication. Additionally, it explores potential therapeutic strategies targeting CD8+ T cells, such as immune checkpoint modulation, cell death intervention, and metabolic regulation, and offers an outlook on future research directions, aiming to provide novel insights for immunotherapy in sepsis.
Keywords: CD8+ T cells; sepsis; immune dysfunction; immune checkpoints; metabolic reprogramming CD8+ T cells; sepsis; immune dysfunction; immune checkpoints; metabolic reprogramming

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, X.; Huang, Q.; Zuo, Z.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, L.; Qian, Z. The Role and Research Progress of CD8+ T Cells in Sepsis. Biomedicines 2025, 13, 2912. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122912

AMA Style

Wang X, Huang Q, Zuo Z, Wang Z, Zhang L, Qian Z. The Role and Research Progress of CD8+ T Cells in Sepsis. Biomedicines. 2025; 13(12):2912. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122912

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Xianwen, Qihang Huang, Zhihong Zuo, Zhanwen Wang, Lina Zhang, and Zhaoxin Qian. 2025. "The Role and Research Progress of CD8+ T Cells in Sepsis" Biomedicines 13, no. 12: 2912. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122912

APA Style

Wang, X., Huang, Q., Zuo, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, L., & Qian, Z. (2025). The Role and Research Progress of CD8+ T Cells in Sepsis. Biomedicines, 13(12), 2912. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122912

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