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Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/biomedicines13102559
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Specific microRNAs for Heart Failure: Reference Values in Whole Blood

by
Radka Sigutova
1,2,3,*,
Lukas Evin
4,5,
Pavlina Kusnierova
1,2,
David Stejskal
1,2,
Frantisek Vsiansky
1,
Eva Bace
6,
Eliska Kufova
4,5,
Gabriela Kubikova
1,
Zdenek Svagera
1,2,
Marian Branny
4,5 and
Jan Vaclavik
4,5
1
Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
2
Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic
3
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic
4
Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
5
Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic
6
BioVendor—Laboratory Medicine Inc., 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2025, 13(10), 2559; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102559
Submission received: 11 September 2025 / Revised: 10 October 2025 / Accepted: 15 October 2025 / Published: 20 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MicroRNAs in Precision Medicine: Regulation, Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutics)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to validate reference values for eight selected microRNAs (miRNAs) in a population of healthy individuals. The selected miRNAs (hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-142-5p and hsa-miR-126-3p, hsa-miR-499a-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-29a-3p) have an important role in heart failure. Methods: Ninety-nine individuals were selected for this study. Specific microRNAs were isolated from whole blood and quantified using the microRNA enzymatic immunoassay (miREIA) method. Reference intervals were evaluated with respect to age and sex. Statistical analyses were performed using MedCalc (v22.021) and R software, Version 4.1.2. Results: Reference values (2.5th and 97.5th percentile values and their 90% confidence intervals) were determined for hsa-miR-21-5p: 1.45 to 96.3 pmol/L, hsa-miR-23a-3p: 13.0 to 432 pmol/L, hsa-miR-126-3p: 5.67 to 66.5 pmol/L, hsa-miR-142-5p: 37.4 to 293 pmol/L, hsa-miR-195-5p: 11.5 to 254 pmol/L, hsa-miR-1-3p: 50.6 to 1800 pmol/L, hsa-miR-499a-5p: 8.90 to 82.5 pmol/L and hsa-miR-29a-3p: 22.9 to 210 pmol/L. The median age of the included individuals was 44 years (range: 23–75 years). No sex-related differences were observed in the reference intervals of the microRNAs (p < 0.05). Except for hsa-miR-21-5p (RS = −0.208; p = 0.043), no significant age-related associations were found for the other microRNAs (p < 0.05). However, due to the limited number of individuals in the stratified subgroups, reference intervals were not calculated for these subgroups. Conclusions: In this study, reference intervals for eight specific miRNAs associated with heart failure were determined. The results are unique for assessment in further clinical research, given that reference intervals in absolute values have not yet been published.
Keywords: miRNA (microRNA); heart failure; reference values; microRNA enzymatic immunoassay (miREIA) method miRNA (microRNA); heart failure; reference values; microRNA enzymatic immunoassay (miREIA) method

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sigutova, R.; Evin, L.; Kusnierova, P.; Stejskal, D.; Vsiansky, F.; Bace, E.; Kufova, E.; Kubikova, G.; Svagera, Z.; Branny, M.; et al. Specific microRNAs for Heart Failure: Reference Values in Whole Blood. Biomedicines 2025, 13, 2559. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102559

AMA Style

Sigutova R, Evin L, Kusnierova P, Stejskal D, Vsiansky F, Bace E, Kufova E, Kubikova G, Svagera Z, Branny M, et al. Specific microRNAs for Heart Failure: Reference Values in Whole Blood. Biomedicines. 2025; 13(10):2559. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102559

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sigutova, Radka, Lukas Evin, Pavlina Kusnierova, David Stejskal, Frantisek Vsiansky, Eva Bace, Eliska Kufova, Gabriela Kubikova, Zdenek Svagera, Marian Branny, and et al. 2025. "Specific microRNAs for Heart Failure: Reference Values in Whole Blood" Biomedicines 13, no. 10: 2559. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102559

APA Style

Sigutova, R., Evin, L., Kusnierova, P., Stejskal, D., Vsiansky, F., Bace, E., Kufova, E., Kubikova, G., Svagera, Z., Branny, M., & Vaclavik, J. (2025). Specific microRNAs for Heart Failure: Reference Values in Whole Blood. Biomedicines, 13(10), 2559. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102559

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