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Volume 12
Issue 4
10.3390/biomedicines12040850
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Article

Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Diathermy Neuromodulation Added to Supervised Therapeutic Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with Six Months of Follow-Up

by
Manuel Albornoz-Cabello
1,
Alfonso Javier Ibáñez-Vera
2,*,
Cristo Jesús Barrios-Quinta
3,
Luis Espejo-Antúnez
4,
Inmaculada Carmen Lara-Palomo
5 and
María de los Ángeles Cardero-Durán
4
1
Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain
2
Department of Health Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, 23009 Jaén, Spain
3
Andalusian Health Service, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
4
Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
5
Department of Nursing, Physical Therapy and Medicine, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2024, 12(4), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040850
Submission received: 2 March 2024 / Revised: 25 March 2024 / Accepted: 9 April 2024 / Published: 11 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Neurostimulation and Neuromodulation Research)
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Abstract

The evidence-based treatment of patellofemoral pain (PFP) suggests that therapeutic exercise (TE) focused on improving muscle strength and motor control be the main conservative treatment. Recent research determined that the success of the TE approach gets improved in the short term by the addition of neuromodulation via radiofrequency diathermy (RFD). As there is no follow up data, the objective of this research is to assess the long-term effects of adding RFD to TE for the pain, function and quality of life of PFP patients. To this aim, a single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 86 participants diagnosed of PFP. Participants who met the selection criteria were randomized and allocated into either a TE group or an RFD + TE group. TE consisted of a 20 min daily supervised exercise protocol for knee and hip muscle strengthening, while RFD consisted of the application of neuromodulation using a radiofrequency on the knee across 10 sessions. Sociodemographic data, knee pain and lower limb function outcomes were collected. The RFD + TE group obtained greater improvements in knee pain (p < 0.001) than the TE group. Knee function showed statistically significant improvements in Kujala (p < 0.05) and LEFS (p < 0.001) in the RFD + TE group in the short and long term. In conclusion, the addition of RFD to TE increases the beneficial effects of TE alone on PFP, effects that remain six months after treatment.
Keywords: neuromodulation; radiofrequency therapy; knee pain; patellofemoral pain syndrome; diathermy; therapeutic exercise; physical therapy modalities neuromodulation; radiofrequency therapy; knee pain; patellofemoral pain syndrome; diathermy; therapeutic exercise; physical therapy modalities

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MDPI and ACS Style

Albornoz-Cabello, M.; Ibáñez-Vera, A.J.; Barrios-Quinta, C.J.; Espejo-Antúnez, L.; Lara-Palomo, I.C.; de los Ángeles Cardero-Durán, M. Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Diathermy Neuromodulation Added to Supervised Therapeutic Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with Six Months of Follow-Up. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040850

AMA Style

Albornoz-Cabello M, Ibáñez-Vera AJ, Barrios-Quinta CJ, Espejo-Antúnez L, Lara-Palomo IC, de los Ángeles Cardero-Durán M. Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Diathermy Neuromodulation Added to Supervised Therapeutic Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with Six Months of Follow-Up. Biomedicines. 2024; 12(4):850. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040850

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albornoz-Cabello, Manuel, Alfonso Javier Ibáñez-Vera, Cristo Jesús Barrios-Quinta, Luis Espejo-Antúnez, Inmaculada Carmen Lara-Palomo, and María de los Ángeles Cardero-Durán. 2024. "Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Diathermy Neuromodulation Added to Supervised Therapeutic Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with Six Months of Follow-Up" Biomedicines 12, no. 4: 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040850

APA Style

Albornoz-Cabello, M., Ibáñez-Vera, A. J., Barrios-Quinta, C. J., Espejo-Antúnez, L., Lara-Palomo, I. C., & de los Ángeles Cardero-Durán, M. (2024). Non-Invasive Radiofrequency Diathermy Neuromodulation Added to Supervised Therapeutic Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with Six Months of Follow-Up. Biomedicines, 12(4), 850. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040850

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