Effects of Thoracic Mobilization and Extension Exercise on Thoracic Alignment and Shoulder Function in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Protocol
2.3.1. Mobilization Group
2.3.2. Exercise Group
2.3.3. Combination Group
2.4. Evaluation
2.4.1. Thoracic Kyphosis
2.4.2. Muscles Tone
2.4.3. Shoulder Joint ROM Measurements
2.4.4. Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Classification | Joint Mobilization Group (n = 10) | Exercise Group (n = 10) | Combination Group (n = 10) |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (male/female) | 3/7 | 3/7 | 3/7 |
Affected side (left/right) | 4/6 | 6/4 | 4/6 |
Age (years) a | 49.20 ± 9.48 a | 50.90 ± 9.10 | 50.20 ± 8.99 |
Height (cm) a | 163.20 ± 10.03 | 165.00 ± 6.32 | 164.20 ± 6.58 |
Weight (kg) a | 60.90 ± 11.04 | 66.90 ± 9.64 | 61.90 ± 10.42 |
Measure/Group | Baseline Test a | After-Test a | % | Effect Size | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thoracic kyphosis angle (°) | |||||
Mobilization group | 44.50 ± 2.07 a | 41.00 ± 2.36 | −7.87 | 2.78 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 44.10 ± 1.85 | 41.40 ± 2.72 | −6.12 | 1.40 | 0.002 |
Combination group | 45.20 ± 2.20 | 40.10 ± 2.23 | −11.28 | 2.97 | 0.001 |
UT muscles tone (HZ) | |||||
Mobilization group | 15.66 ± 1.07 | 14.50 ± 0.86 | −7.41 | 2.00 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 15.46 ± 1.09 | 14.40 ± 1.39 | −6.86 | 1.58 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 15.54 ± 0.87 | 13.71 ± 1.58 | −11.78 | 2.15 | 0.001 |
UT muscles stiffness (N/m) | |||||
Mobilization group | 257.90 ± 29.03 | 232.50 ± 20.49 | −9.85 | 1.89 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 257.70 ± 19.33 | 236.10 ± 27.27 | −8.38 | 1.68 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 257.50 ± 25.61 | 223.00 ± 32.83 | −13.40 | 2.32 | 0.001 |
PM muscles tone (HZ) | |||||
Mobilization group | 14.50 ± 1.36 | 13.72 ± 1.27 | −5.38 | 2.44 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 14.26 ± 1.02 | 13.50 ± 1.18 | −5.33 | 1.90 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 14.31 ± 1.52 | 13.43 ± 1.69 | −6.15 | 3.38 | 0.001 |
PM muscles stiffness (N/m) | |||||
Mobilization group | 229.90 ± 27.18 | 212.70 ± 25.63 | −7.48 | 2.97 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 226.80 ± 21.73 | 211.40 ± 22.32 | −6.79 | 2.25 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 224.40 ± 31.22 | 207.20 ± 33.74 | −7.66 | 3.12 | 0.001 |
Measure/Group | Baseline Test | After-Test | % | Effect Size | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Affected side shoulder flexion ROM (°) | |||||
Mobilization group | 138.40 ± 19.31 | 146.20 ± 20.65 | 5.64 | 2.01 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 140.60 ± 16.57 | 148.50 ± 16.24 | 5.62 | 1.85 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 133.80 ± 16.40 | 146.50 ± 15.91 | 9.49 | 2.76 | 0.001 |
Affected side shoulder abduction ROM (°) | |||||
Mobilization group | 104.60 ± 14.05 | 112.40 ± 14.88 | 7.46 | 2.28 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 106.90 ± 9.01 | 114.30 ± 10.31 | 6.92 | 1.77 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 111.70 ± 19.32 | 122.30 ± 19.80 | 9.49 | 3.03 | 0.001 |
Affected side shoulder medial rotation ROM (°) | |||||
Mobilization group | 48.00 ± 9.59 | 50.50 ± 9.34 | 5.21 | 1.28 | 0.003 |
Exercise group | 51.20 ± 10.51 | 54.10 ± 10.66 | 5.66 | 1.27 | 0.003 |
Combination group | 42.40 ± 14.36 | 47.60 ± 15.22 | 12.26 | 2.10 | 0.001 |
Affected side shoulder lateral rotation ROM (°) | |||||
Mobilization group | 70.30 ± 7.13 | 72.50 ± 6.85 | 3.13 | 1.05 | 0.009 |
Exercise group | 69.60 ± 7.46 | 72.10 ± 8.91 | 3.59 | 0.98 | 0.013 |
Combination group | 62.40 ± 8.77 | 67.90 ± 9.65 | 8.81 | 1.70 | 0.001 |
SPADI—pain (point) | |||||
Mobilization group | 51.60 ± 12.47 | 38.60 ± 11.35 | −25.19 | 4.81 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 54.00 ± 12.65 | 40.20 ± 12.84 | −25.55 | 5.37 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 50.20 ± 10.43 | 31.60 ± 8.32 | −37.05 | 4.65 | 0.001 |
SPADI—disability (point) | |||||
Mobilization group | 52.13 ± 15.75 | 40.38 ± 13.79 | −22.54 | 2.87 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 53.50 ± 15.75 | 43.13 ± 15.45 | −19.38 | 3.60 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 51.38 ± 14.54 | 34.63 ± 10.21 | −32.60 | 3.00 | 0.001 |
SPADI—total (point) | |||||
Mobilization group | 51.92 ± 14.47 | 39.69 ± 12.81 | −23.55 | 3.59 | 0.001 |
Exercise group | 53.69 ± 14.51 | 42.00 ± 14.35 | −21.77 | 4.62 | 0.001 |
Combination group | 50.92 ± 12.86 | 33.46 ± 9.39 | −34.29 | 3.83 | 0.001 |
Measure/Group | Value Difference | F | p | Post-Hoc (LSD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thoracic kyphosis angle (°) | ||||
Mobilization group | −3.5 ± 1.26 a | 5.340 | 0.011 * | C > A, B |
Exercise group | −2.7 ± 1.94 | |||
Combination group | −5.10 ± 1.72 | |||
UT muscles tone (HZ) | ||||
Mobilization group | −1.16 ± 0.58 | 3.463 | 0.046 * | C > A, B |
Exercise group | −1.06 ± 0.67 | |||
Combination group | −1.83 ± 0.85 | |||
UT muscles stiffness (N/m) | ||||
Mobilization group | −25.40 ± 13.42 | 2.319 | 0.118 | |
Exercise group | −21.60 ± 12.89 | |||
Combination group | −34.50 ± 14.89 | |||
PM muscles tone (HZ) | ||||
Mobilization group | −0.78 ± 0.32 | 0.358 | 0.702 | |
Exercise group | −0.76 ± 0.40 | |||
Combination group | −0.88 ± 0.26 | |||
PM muscles stiffness (N/m) | ||||
Mobilization group | −17.20 ± 5.80 | 0.292 | 0.749 | |
Exercise group | −15.40 ± 6.85 | |||
Combination group | −17.20 ± 5.51 |
Measure/Group | Value Difference | F | p | Post-Hoc (LSD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Affected side shoulder flexion ROM (°) | ||||
Mobilization group | 7.80 ± 3.88 | 4.264 | 0.025 * | C > A, B |
Exercise group | 7.90 ± 4.28 | |||
Combination group | 12.70 ± 4.66 | |||
Affected side shoulder abduction ROM (°) | ||||
Mobilization group | 7.80 ± 3.42 | 2.192 | 0.131 | |
Exercise group | 7.40 ± 4.19 | |||
Combination group | 10.60 ± 3.50 | |||
Affected side shoulder medial rotation ROM (°) | ||||
Mobilization group | 2.50 ± 1.95 | 4.185 | 0.026 * | C > A, B |
Exercise group | 2.90 ± 2.28 | |||
Combination group | 5.20 ± 2.48 | |||
Affected side shoulder lateral rotation ROM (°) | ||||
Mobilization group | 2.20 ± 2.09 | 4.668 | 0.018 * | C > A, B |
Exercise group | 2.50 ± 2.54 | |||
Combination group | 5.50 ± 3.24 | |||
SPADI—pain (point) | ||||
Mobilization group | −13.00 ± 2.70 | 9.173 | 0.001 ** | C > A, B |
Exercise group | −13.80 ± 2.57 | |||
Combination group | −18.60 ± 4.00 | |||
SPADI—disability (point) | ||||
Mobilization group | −11.75 ± 4.09 | 5.986 | 0.007 ** | C > A, B |
Exercise group | −10.37 ± 2.88 | |||
Combination group | −16.75 ± 5.59 | |||
SPADI—total (point) | ||||
Mobilization group | −12.23 ± 3.41 | 7.846 | 0.002 ** | C > A, B |
Exercise group | −11.69 ± 2.53 | |||
Combination group | −17.46 ± 4.55 |
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Park, S.J.; Kim, S.H.; Kim, S.H. Effects of Thoracic Mobilization and Extension Exercise on Thoracic Alignment and Shoulder Function in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Healthcare 2020, 8, 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030316
Park SJ, Kim SH, Kim SH. Effects of Thoracic Mobilization and Extension Exercise on Thoracic Alignment and Shoulder Function in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Healthcare. 2020; 8(3):316. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030316
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Shin Jun, Seok Hyeon Kim, and Soon Hee Kim. 2020. "Effects of Thoracic Mobilization and Extension Exercise on Thoracic Alignment and Shoulder Function in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study" Healthcare 8, no. 3: 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030316