Drug-Related Problems Detected in Complex Chronic Patients by Community Pharmacists of Catalonia: Perception of the Person-Centred Approach Necessity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Study Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Ethics Approval and Informed Consent
3. Results
3.1. Patient Profile
3.2. Prevalence and Type of Drug-Related Problem
3.3. Adherence
3.4. Pharmacists’ Interventions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MDS (n = 95) | No MDS (n = 51) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (±SD) | 80 (7.4) | 77 (6.6) | 0.0075 * |
Age (stratified), n (%) | |||
51–64 | 3 (3.20) | 3 (5.90) | 0.0205 * |
65–74 | 18 (18.90) | 13 (25.50) | |
75–84 | 40 (42.10) | 29 (56.90) | |
≥85 | 34 (35.80) | 6 (11.80) | |
Men, n (%) | 44 (46.30) | 28 (54.90) | 0.4147 |
No. of medications, mean (±SD) | 11.6 (4.1) | 10.7 (4.7) | 0.1067 |
No. of medications (stratified), n (%) | |||
<5 medications | 5 (5.30) | 6 (11.80) | 0.5196 |
5–10 medications | 46 (48.40) | 25 (49.00) | |
11–14 medications | 25 (26.30) | 11 (21.60) | |
>14 medications | 19 (20.00) | 9 (17.60) | |
Patients with hypertension, n (%) | 77 (81.10) | 47 (92.20) | 0.1222 |
Patients with metabolic disorders (Lipoproteins and lipidaemia), n (%) | 58 (61.10) | 34 (66.70) | 0.6241 |
Patients with diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 51 (53.70) | 27 (52.90) | 1 |
Patients with osteoarthritis, n (%) | 42 (44.20) | 21 (41.20) | 0.859 |
Patients with heart failure, n (%) | 29 (30.50) | 11 (21.60) | 0.3359 |
Patients with extremity or joint pain, n (%) | 22 (23.20) | 8 (15.70) | 0.3951 |
Patients with severe depressive disorders, n (%) | 24 (25.30) | 8 (15.70) | 0.2611 |
Patients with COPD, n (%) | 14 (14.70) | 12 (23.50) | 0.2726 |
Patients with osteoporosis, n (%) | 17 (17.90) | 5 (9.80) | 0.289 |
Patients with anaemia, n (%) | 19 (20.00) | 6 (11.80) | 0.3035 |
Patients with rheumatic pathology, n (%) | 15 (15.80) | 6 (11.80) | 0.6793 |
Type of DRP | MDS | No MDS | Total |
---|---|---|---|
1: Inappropriate drug administration, n (%) | 59 (10.9) | 23 (15.4) | 82 (11.90) |
2: Personal characteristics, n (%) | 26 (4.8) | 5 (3.4) | 31 (4.50) |
3: Inappropriate drug conservation, n (%) | 52 (9.6) | 0 (0.0) | 52 (7.55) |
4: Contraindication, n (%) | 6 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.87) |
5: Inadequate dose, schedule and/or duration, n (%) | 50 (9.3) | 14 (9.4) | 64 (9.29) |
6: Duplications, n (%) | 8 (1.5) | 7 (4.7) | 15 (2.18) |
7: Dispensing errors, n (%) | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.44) |
8: Errors in prescription, n (%) | 4 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.58) |
9: Non-adherence, n (%) | 182 (33.7) | 33 (22.1) | 215 (31.20) |
10: Drug interactions, n (%) | 57 (10.6) | 25 (16.8) | 82 (11.90) |
11: Unnecessary drug therapy, n (%) | 19 (3.5) | 5 (3.4) | 24 (3.48) |
12: Other health problems affecting medication, n (%) | 8 (1.5) | 7 (4.7) | 15 (2.18) |
13: Probability of adverse drug reactions, n (%) | 40 (7.4) | 16 (10.7) | 56 (8.13) |
14: Undertreated health problem, n (%) | 6 (1.1) | 6 (4.0) | 12 (1.74) |
15: Others, n (%) | 20 (3.7) | 8 (5.4) | 28 (4.06) |
MDS (n = 95) | No MDS (n = 51) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline Visit | Last Visit | p | Baseline Visit | Last Visit | p-Value | |
Morisky Green test—medication adherent patient, n (%) | 49 (51.6) | 69 (72.6) | 0.0008 * | 31 (60.8) | 39 (76.5) | 0.0990 |
Possession index—% medication adherence, (<60%), n (%) | 13 (13.7) | 10 (10.5) | 0.1242 | 5 (9.8) | 6 (11.8) | 0.4131 |
Possession index—% medication adherence, (60%, 70%), n (%) | 4 (4.2) | 7 (7.4) | 8 (15.7) | 2 (3.9) | ||
Possession index—% medication adherence, (70%, 80%), n (%) | 6 (6.3) | 17 (17.9) | 6 (11.8) | 9 (17.6) | ||
Possession index—% medication adherence, (≥80%), n (%) | 72 (75.8) | 61 (64.2) | 32 (62.7) | 34 (66.7) | ||
Possession index—% medication adherence (continuous) **, mean (±SD) | 84.7 (20.4) | 83.1 (18.5) | 0.4052 | 82.4 (19.4) | 83.7 (19.7) | 0.6754 |
Type of Intervention | MDS (n = 572) | No MDS (n = 156) |
---|---|---|
Facilitate PDI, n (%) | 261 (45.6) | 78 (50.0) |
Offer health education, n (%) | 215 (37.6) | 45 (28.8) |
Propose lifestyle changes, n (%) | 57 (10.0) | 8 (5.1) |
Report in pharmacovigilance, n (%) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) |
Refer to the primary care physician and communicate DRPs, n (%) | 38 (6.6) | 25 (16.0) |
Non-Adherent (n = 66) | Adherent (n = 80) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
No. of DRPs, mean (±SD) | 7.83 (17.47) | 2.15 (6.04) | 0.014 * |
No. of interventions, mean (±SD) | 8.08 (18.12) | 2.44 (6.05) | 0.018 * |
No. of DRPs that caused referral, mean (±SD) | 0.56 (1.15) | 0.33 (0.671) | 0.145 |
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Torres-Novellas, B.; Rius, P.; Figueiredo-Escribá, C.; Mariño, E.L.; Modamio, P. Drug-Related Problems Detected in Complex Chronic Patients by Community Pharmacists of Catalonia: Perception of the Person-Centred Approach Necessity. Healthcare 2024, 12, 240. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12020240
Torres-Novellas B, Rius P, Figueiredo-Escribá C, Mariño EL, Modamio P. Drug-Related Problems Detected in Complex Chronic Patients by Community Pharmacists of Catalonia: Perception of the Person-Centred Approach Necessity. Healthcare. 2024; 12(2):240. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12020240
Chicago/Turabian StyleTorres-Novellas, Berta, Pilar Rius, Carlos Figueiredo-Escribá, Eduardo L. Mariño, and Pilar Modamio. 2024. "Drug-Related Problems Detected in Complex Chronic Patients by Community Pharmacists of Catalonia: Perception of the Person-Centred Approach Necessity" Healthcare 12, no. 2: 240. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12020240