Evaluation of the Potential Risk of Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Patients According to the Charlson Comorbidity Index
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Sample Size Calculation
2.3. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Patients with COVID-19 and Obesity (n = 157) | Patients with COVID-19 without Obesity (n = 220) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Risk factors | ||||
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 49 (31.2) | 49 (22.2) | 1.583 (0.996–2.517) | 0.05 |
COPD | 10 (6.3) | 16 (10.1) | 0.867 (0.383–1.965) | 0.733 |
Tobaccoism | 12 (7.6) | 28 (12.7) | 0.567 (0.279–1.154) | 0.114 |
Chronic renal disease | 6 (3.8) | 3(1.3) | 2.874 (0.708–11.671) | 0.123 |
Heart disease | 3 (1.9) | 10 (4.5) | 0.409 (0.111–1.511) | 0.167 |
HIV/AIDS | 0 (0.0) | 1(0.4) | N.A. | - |
Asthma | 4 (2.5) | 4 (1.8) | 1.412 (0.348–5.732) | 0.628 |
Immunosuppression | 10 (6.3) | 12 (5.4) | 1.179 (0.496–2.802) | 0.709 |
Hypertension | 72 (45.8) | 71 (32.2) | 1.778 (1.165–2.712) | 0.007 |
Symptoms | ||||
Anosmia | 62 (39.4) | 83 (37.7) | 1.077 (0.708–1.640) | 0.729 |
Dysgeusia | 62 (39.4) | 72 (32.7) | 1.342 (0.876–2.055) | 0.176 |
Cyanosis | 42 (26.7) | 50 (22.7) | 1.242 (0.773–1.994) | 0.370 |
Conjunctivitis | 8 (5.0) | 17 (8.5) | 0.641 (0.270–1.525) | 0.311 |
Abdominal pain | 39 (24.8) | 44 (20.0) | 1.322 (0.810–2.158) | 0.263 |
Vomiting | 23 (14.6) | 25 (11.3) | 1.339 (0.729–2.458) | 0.345 |
Polypnea | 101 (64.3) | 110 (50.0) | 1.804 (1.185–2.745) | 0.006 |
Fever | 136 (86.6) | 179 (81.3) | 1.483 (0.838–2.626) | 0.174 |
Myalgia | 113 (71.9) | 154 (70.0) | 1.101 (0.700–1.730) | 0.678 |
Arthralgia | 102 (64.9) | 136 (61.8) | 1.145 (0.748–1.754) | 0.532 |
Rhinorrhea | 37 (23.5) | 61 (27.7) | 0.804 (0.501–1.289) | 0.364 |
Attack to the general state | 137 (87.2) | 176 (80.0) | 1.713 (0.965–3.040) | 0.064 |
Headache | 126 (80.2) | 186 (84.5) | 0.743 (0.434–1.271) | 0.277 |
Calophries | 83 (52.8) | 110 (50.0) | 1.122 (.744–1.690) | 0.583 |
Diarrhea | 40 (25.4) | 53 (24.0) | 1.077 (0.671–1.730) | 0.758 |
Thoracic pain | 103 (65.6) | 120 (54.4) | 1.590 (1.041–2.426) | 0.031 |
Cough | 140 (89.1) | 189 (85.9) | 1.351 (0.719–2.538) | 0.349 |
Odynophagia | 83 (52.8) | 115 (52.2) | 1.024 (.680–1.543) | 0.909 |
Dyspnea | 132 (84.0) | 158 (71.8) | 2.072 (1.233–3.480) | 0.005 |
Irritability | 11 (7.0) | 13 (5.9) | 1.200 (0.523–2.752) | 0.667 |
Mechanical ventilation (Intubation) | 28 (17.8) | 17 (7.7) | 2.592 (1.364–4.924) | 0.003 |
Age Group (Years) | Patients Who Died of COVID-19 (n = 132) | Charlson Comorbidity Index * | COVID-19 Survivors (n = 220) | Charlson Comorbidity Index * | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
18–30 | 4 | 2.9 ± 0.65 | 10 | 1.7 ± 0.86 | 0.013 |
31–40 | 4 | 3.3 ± 1.40 | 35 | 1.75 ± 0.37 | 0.008 |
41–50 | 21 | 7.1 ± 3.46 | 43 | 4.8 ± 0.73 | 0.003 |
51–60 | 34 | 30.02 ± 7.55 | 53 | 10.11 ± 1.4 | 0.005 |
61–70 | 30 | 42.12 ± 5.58 | 48 | 25.4 ± 4.15 | 0.007 |
71–80 | 22 | 63.5 ± 11.37 | 17 | 29.4 ± 11.03 | 0.001 |
81–90 | 15 | 61.5 ± 14.30 | 11 | 62.22 ± 11.33 | 0.661 |
91–100 | 2 | 88.19 ± 55.46 | 3 | 78.54 ± 10.30 | 0.020 |
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Gutierrez-Camacho, J.R.; Avila-Carrasco, L.; Murillo-Ruíz-Esparza, A.; Garza-Veloz, I.; Araujo-Espino, R.; Martinez-Vazquez, M.C.; Trejo-Ortiz, P.M.; Rodriguez-Sanchez, I.P.; Delgado-Enciso, I.; Castañeda-López, M.E.; et al. Evaluation of the Potential Risk of Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Patients According to the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Healthcare 2022, 10, 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020362
Gutierrez-Camacho JR, Avila-Carrasco L, Murillo-Ruíz-Esparza A, Garza-Veloz I, Araujo-Espino R, Martinez-Vazquez MC, Trejo-Ortiz PM, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Delgado-Enciso I, Castañeda-López ME, et al. Evaluation of the Potential Risk of Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Patients According to the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Healthcare. 2022; 10(2):362. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020362
Chicago/Turabian StyleGutierrez-Camacho, Jose Roberto, Lorena Avila-Carrasco, Alberto Murillo-Ruíz-Esparza, Idalia Garza-Veloz, Roxana Araujo-Espino, Maria Calixta Martinez-Vazquez, Perla M. Trejo-Ortiz, Iram Pablo Rodriguez-Sanchez, Iván Delgado-Enciso, Maria E. Castañeda-López, and et al. 2022. "Evaluation of the Potential Risk of Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospitalized Patients According to the Charlson Comorbidity Index" Healthcare 10, no. 2: 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020362