Technological Factors That Influence the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Education
1.2. The Influence of ICT on Educational Performance
1.3. Justification
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Procedure
- Transformation of dataset into a h2o class object;
- Partition of the dataset into three segments, i.e., training, validation, and testing;
- Application of the DALEX algorithm, and creation of a customized function, followed by the implementation of a general linear model, random forest, and gradient boosting machine, initially, each model using h2o was calculated and, subsequently, that model was incorporated into the DALEX algorithm;
- Calculation of the predictions and the residual values (see Figure 1).
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dimension | Indicator | Code | Items |
---|---|---|---|
A. General students’ data | A.1 Students’ data | NST | What mark did you get in the second trimester? |
ECC | Are you a boy or a girl? | ||
NEC | Educational level | ||
D. ICT uses and resources | D.2 ICT uses | UMC | Do you use a mobile phone while studying at home? |
UOE | Do you use a computer while studying at home? | ||
D.4 Daily ICT consumption | LJC | From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate each day to cyber chats (Whatsapp, Telegram ...)? | |
LJR | From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate to social media, (Instagram, Facebook…) | ||
LJV | From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate to playing video games? | ||
LJB | From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate each day to searching for material on the Internet for the sole purpose of studying or doing class work? | ||
E. ICT and mathematics learning | E.1 At home | RTC | Do you use the technological resources that you have at home to study mathematics? |
E.3 Perception | TTM | Do you think you work on mathematics more and better using ICT? |
NST Second Trimester Marks (a priori probabilities) | |||||||
Fail | Adequate | Good | Merit | Outstanding | Graph | ||
0.2721923 | 0.2069642 | 0.1760667 | 0.2265817 | 0.1181952 | |||
Conditional Probability/NST | |||||||
TTM Do you think you work on mathematics more and better with ICT? | |||||||
None | A Little | Enough | A Lot | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.2000000 | 0.3045045 | 0.3603604 | 0.1351351 | |||
Adequate | 0.1729858 | 0.3293839 | 0.3270142 | 0.1706161 | |||
Good | 0.1727019 | 0.3175487 | 0.3147632 | 0.1949861 | |||
Merit | 0.2077922 | 0.2943723 | 0.3636364 | 0.1341991 | |||
Outstanding | 0.2406639 | 0.2738589 | 0.3568465 | 0.1286307 | |||
UOE Do you use a computer while studying at home? | |||||||
None | A Little | Enough | A Lot | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.39099099 | 0.34234234 | 0.19099099 | 0.07567568 | |||
Adequate | 0.36966825 | 0.34834123 | 0.19431280 | 0.08767773 | |||
Good | 0.32033426 | 0.33983287 | 0.23398329 | 0.10584958 | |||
Merit | 0.31168831 | 0.31818182 | 0.26406926 | 0.10606061 | |||
Outstanding | 0.32365145 | 0.28215768 | 0.25311203 | 0.14107884 | |||
LJB From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate each day to searching for material on the Internet for the sole purpose of studying or doing class work? | |||||||
None | 1–2 h | 3–4 h | >4 h | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.42522523 | 0.34054054 | 0.14234234 | 0.09189189 | |||
Adequate | 0.41232227 | 0.35545024 | 0.16113744 | 0.07109005 | |||
Good | 0.37883008 | 0.37604457 | 0.16155989 | 0.08356546 | |||
Merit | 0.43506494 | 0.33549784 | 0.16233766 | 0.06709957 | |||
Outstanding | 0.50207469 | 0.31535270 | 0.12448133 | 0.05809129 | |||
UMC Do you use a mobile phone while studying at home? | |||||||
None | A Little | Enough | A Lot | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.2036036 | 0.3099099 | 0.2540541 | 0.2324324 | |||
Adequate | 0.2014218 | 0.3222749 | 0.2274882 | 0.2488152 | |||
Good | 0.2172702 | 0.2813370 | 0.2813370 | 0.2200557 | |||
Merit | 0.2034632 | 0.2900433 | 0.2770563 | 0.2294372 | |||
Outstanding | 0.2323651 | 0.2074689 | 0.3360996 | 0.2240664 | |||
LJC From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate each day to cyber-chat (Whatsapp, Telegram, etc.)? | |||||||
None | 1–2 h | 3–4 h | >4 h | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.1459459 | 0.4072072 | 0.1765766 | 0.2702703 | |||
Adequate | 0.1279621 | 0.3886256 | 0.1990521 | 0.2843602 | |||
Good | 0.1671309 | 0.4261838 | 0.1559889 | 0.2506964 | |||
Merit | 0.1212121 | 0.4610390 | 0.1796537 | 0.2380952 | |||
Outstanding | 0.1410788 | 0.4315353 | 0.1867220 | 0.2406639 | |||
LJR From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate to social media, (Instagram, Facebook, etc.)? | |||||||
None | 1–2 h | 3–4 h | >4 h | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.1171171 | 0.3513514 | 0.2216216 | 0.3099099 | |||
Adequate | 0.1374408 | 0.3222749 | 0.2298578 | 0.3104265 | |||
Good | 0.1309192 | 0.3509749 | 0.2618384 | 0.2562674 | |||
Merit | 0.1406926 | 0.3593074 | 0.2554113 | 0.2445887 | |||
Outstanding | 0.2157676 | 0.3236515 | 0.2157676 | 0.2448133 | |||
LJV From Monday to Thursday, how many hours do you dedicate to playing video games? | |||||||
None | 1–2 h | 3–4 h | >4 h | Graphs | |||
Fail | 0.5135135 | 0.2558559 | 0.1081081 | 0.1225225 | |||
Adequate | 0.4786730 | 0.2867299 | 0.1066351 | 0.1279621 | |||
Good | 0.4679666 | 0.2646240 | 0.1392758 | 0.1281337 | |||
Merit | 0.5043290 | 0.2554113 | 0.1341991 | 0.1060606 | |||
Outstanding | 0.5435685 | 0.2365145 | 0.1120332 | 0.1078838 | |||
RTC Do you use technological resources that you have at home to study mathematics? | |||||||
Fail | Adequate | Good | Merit | Outstanding | |||
NO | 0.4018018 | 0.3388626 | 0.3036212 | 0.3658009 | 0.3900415 | ||
YES | 0.5981982 | 0.6611374 | 0.6963788 | 0.6341991 | 0.6099585 | ||
NEC Educational Level. | |||||||
1ºESO | 2ºESO | 3ºESO | 4ºESO | 1ºBach | 2ºBach | Graphs | |
Fail | 0.18198198 | 0.23783784 | 0.17297297 | 0.26666667 | 0.10990991 | 0.03063063 | |
Adequate | 0.21563981 | 0.21327014 | 0.23696682 | 0.21327014 | 0.08767773 | 0.03317536 | |
Good | 0.22284123 | 0.24512535 | 0.22284123 | 0.16155989 | 0.10863510 | 0.03899721 | |
Merit | 0.20562771 | 0.23593074 | 0.18181818 | 0.18831169 | 0.13203463 | 0.05627706 | |
Outstanding | 0.22821577 | 0.24481328 | 0.15767635 | 0.15767635 | 0.15352697 | 0.05809129 |
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Gómez-García, M.; Hossein-Mohand, H.; Trujillo-Torres, J.M.; Hossein-Mohand, H.; Aznar-Díaz, I. Technological Factors That Influence the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students. Mathematics 2020, 8, 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8111935
Gómez-García M, Hossein-Mohand H, Trujillo-Torres JM, Hossein-Mohand H, Aznar-Díaz I. Technological Factors That Influence the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students. Mathematics. 2020; 8(11):1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8111935
Chicago/Turabian StyleGómez-García, Melchor, Hassan Hossein-Mohand, Juan Manuel Trujillo-Torres, Hossein Hossein-Mohand, and Inmaculada Aznar-Díaz. 2020. "Technological Factors That Influence the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students" Mathematics 8, no. 11: 1935. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8111935