Alternative Generation of the Output Voltage Waveform in an Asymmetric Transformer-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter under Fault Conditions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Studied Multilevel Inverter and Control
3. Inverter Stage Failure Characterization
4. Alternatives for Inverter Reconfiguration
4.1. Generation of Each Missing Level Using a Single Pulse
4.2. Generation of Each Missing Level Using Two Pulses
4.3. Generation of Consecutive Missing Levels Using a Single Pulse
5. Simulation Results
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage Failure | THD [%] | RMS Voltage [V] | Amplitude for Harmonic Order [V] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | |||
None | 2.62 | 10.63 | 15.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
6 | 63.16 | 9.35 | 11.18 | 3.04 | 1.05 | 2.52 | 1.78 | 4.04 | 1.87 |
7 | 53.97 | 9.03 | 11.23 | 3.87 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.71 | 0.23 | 2.55 |
8 | 60.52 | 9.35 | 11.32 | 0.46 | 2.35 | 0.95 | 0.08 | 0.39 | 2.73 |
9 | 80.34 | 10.3 | 11.35 | 1.21 | 1.83 | 3.92 | 1.11 | 3.43 | 2.08 |
6–7 | 100.04 | 7.39 | 7.39 | 0.8 | 0.47 | 3.01 | 1.06 | 3.82 | 0.67 |
6–8 | 131.02 | 8.7 | 7.47 | 2.61 | 1.28 | 3.45 | 1.84 | 3.65 | 4.61 |
6–9 | 108.1 | 7.82 | 7.51 | 4.27 | 2.91 | 1.42 | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.19 |
7–8 | 108.85 | 7.86 | 7.52 | 4.3 | 2.93 | 1.44 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.18 |
7–9 | 129.21 | 8.73 | 7.56 | 2.63 | 1.25 | 3.43 | 1.83 | 3.66 | 4.62 |
8–9 | 96.5 | 7.51 | 7.64 | 0.77 | 0.5 | 2.99 | 1.05 | 3.82 | 0.66 |
Level | Failure in | Failure in | Failure in | Failure in | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 1 |
2 | −1 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 1 |
3 | X | X | X | −1 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 1 | X | X | X |
4 | X | X | X | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | −1 | X | X | X |
5 | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | −1 | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | −1 |
6 | 1 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 1 | 1 |
10 | −1 | 1 | 1 | X | X | X | −1 | 1 | 1 | X | X | X |
11 | X | X | X | −1 | 1 | 1 | X | X | X | X | X | X |
12 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
13 | X | X | X | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
14 | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 0 | X | X | X | 1 | 0 | 1 |
15 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Failed Inverter Stage | Degree of Freedom 1 | Degree of Freedom 2 | Degree of Freedom 3 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Start | End | Start | End | Start | End | |
9.59° | 21.51° | 44.43° | 75.17° | - | - | |
13.49° | 17.46° | 39.30° | 44.43° | 50.05° | 64.17° | |
17.46° | 21.51° | 44.43° | 56.44° | 64.17° | 75.17° | |
9.59° | 17.46° | 39.30° | 56.44° | - | - |
Failed Inverter Stage | Base Configuration | One Pulse | Two Pulse | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opt. | Inw. | Outw. | Inw. | Outw. | Inw. | Outw. | |
9.22 | 21.95 | 9.88 | 15.32 | 12.41 | 14.65 | 13.21 | |
4.95 | 8.72 | 5.01 | 7.58 | 5.46 | 7.10 | 6.06 | |
4.94 | 8.76 | 5.10 | 7.80 | 5.48 | 7.28 | 6.14 | |
6.45 | 12.98 | 6.51 | 9.89 | 7.69 | 9.39 | 8.30 |
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Inostroza-Osses, M.A.; López-Santos, O.; Aldana-Rodríguez, Y.A.; Forero, M.G. Alternative Generation of the Output Voltage Waveform in an Asymmetric Transformer-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter under Fault Conditions. Mathematics 2022, 10, 3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10193463
Inostroza-Osses MA, López-Santos O, Aldana-Rodríguez YA, Forero MG. Alternative Generation of the Output Voltage Waveform in an Asymmetric Transformer-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter under Fault Conditions. Mathematics. 2022; 10(19):3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10193463
Chicago/Turabian StyleInostroza-Osses, Mauricio A., Oswaldo López-Santos, Yeison A. Aldana-Rodríguez, and Manuel G. Forero. 2022. "Alternative Generation of the Output Voltage Waveform in an Asymmetric Transformer-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter under Fault Conditions" Mathematics 10, no. 19: 3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10193463
APA StyleInostroza-Osses, M. A., López-Santos, O., Aldana-Rodríguez, Y. A., & Forero, M. G. (2022). Alternative Generation of the Output Voltage Waveform in an Asymmetric Transformer-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter under Fault Conditions. Mathematics, 10(19), 3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10193463