Development of In Vivo Haploid Inducer Lines for Screening Haploid Immature Embryos in Maize
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Validating the Effectiveness of MAS for qhir1 and qhir8
2.2. Selection for HIR and Number of Haploids per Ear (NHPE)
2.3. Relationship between the NHPE, HIR, and Number of Kernels per Ear (NKPE)
2.4. Evaluating the HIR among the Different Varieties
2.5. Evaluation of the Pigmentation in Crossing Embryos and Identification of the Haploid Embryos
2.6. Agronomic Traits
3. Discussion
3.1. MAS for Multiple Loci Related to Haploid Induction
3.2. Development of an Efficient Haploid Inducer Lines
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Breeding Scheme
4.3. Verification of the MAS for qhir1 and qhir8 during the Selection for HIR
4.4. Haploid Identification Based on the Pigmentation of Crossing Embryos
4.5. Assessment of the Agronomic Performance
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inducer | Tester | Total Number | NHPE | NKPE | EmAR (%) | HIR (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CAU3 | ZD958 | 475 | 10.00 ± 3.11 | 95.00 ± 26.89 | 3.14 ± 1.42 | 11.22 ± 1.79 |
CAU5 | ZD958 | 1843 | 17.00 ± 2.70 | 131.64 ± 12.82 | 10.96 ± 0.50 | 11.89 ± 0.77 |
CS1 | ZD958 | 3341 | 20.71 ± 1.45 ** | 196.53 ± 7.56 **** | 6.72 ± 0.67 * | 10.62 ± 0.68 |
CS2 | ZD958 | 4059 | 33.93 ± 3.42 ** | 289.93 ± 16.44 **** | 6.31 ± 0.59 * | 11.54 ± 0.87 |
CS3 | ZD958 | 3107 | 33.18 ± 3.39 ** | 282.45 ± 17.56 **** | 5.47 ± 0.91 ** | 11.71 ± 1.01 |
CS1 | DK653 | 1358 | 24.57 ± 2.64 | 194.00 ± 19.95 | 5.35 ± 0.76 | 12.62 ± 0.61 |
JK968 | 993 | 19.33 ± 3.73 | 165.50 ± 22.29 | 7.67 ± 1.29 | 11.56 ± 1.16 | |
ND372 | 1244 | 16.89 ± 2.34 | 138.22 ± 10.20 | 9.34 ± 1.87 | 11.97 ± 1.07 | |
ND678 | 1324 | 24.71 ± 3.04 | 189.14 ± 11.84 | 8.77 ± 1.11 | 13.25 ± 1.57 | |
XY335 | 439 | 13.00 ± 4.93 | 146.33 ± 39.08 | 5.56 ± 0.84 | 8.29 ± 1.35 | |
CS2 | DK653 | 3167 | 29.93 ± 3.49 | 211.13 ± 17.20 | 5.68 ± 0.72 | 13.72 ± 0.78 |
JK968 | 1612 | 26.63 ± 5.37 | 201.50 ± 27.60 | 7.54 ± 1.04 | 12.59 ± 1.46 | |
ND372 | 2648 | 27.42 ± 2.01 | 220.67 ± 10.67 | 9.61 ± 0.61 | 12.49 ± 0.84 | |
ND678 | 2741 | 30.00 ± 3.18 | 195.79 ± 16.20 | 6.86 ± 0.69 | 15.54 ± 1.00 | |
XY335 | 3685 | 39.18 ± 3.25 | 335.00 ± 20.03 | 5.46 ± 1.01 | 11.70 ± 0.68 | |
CS3 | DK653 | 2933 | 25.86 ± 2.78 | 209.50 ± 14.41 | 4.35 ± 0.59 | 12.27 ± 0.94 |
JK968 | 3674 | 31.90 ± 2.37 | 367.40 ± 13.62 | 2.88 ± 0.47 | 8.66 ± 0.54 | |
ND372 | 3762 | 23.77 ± 2.37 | 289.38 ± 16.35 | 5.11 ± 0.64 | 8.14 ± 0.58 | |
ND678 | 2135 | 18.21 ± 2.26 | 152.50 ± 16.15 | 4.24 ± 0.91 | 11.82 ± 0.73 | |
XY335 | 3340 | 34.42± 3.62 | 278.33 ± 16.31 | 5.87 ± 1.03 | 12.28 ± 0.99 |
Inducer | Days to Anthesis | Plant Height (cm) | Ear Height (cm) | Tassel Branches Number | Tassel Size Score | Number of Kernels per Ear |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CAU3 | 66.40 ± 0.60 | 174.80 ± 1.43a | 50.60 ± 1.55 | 5.80 ± 0.25 | 4.00 ± 0.00 | 49.00 ± 2.34 |
CAU5 | 59.80 ± 0.72 | 149.00 ± 1.13 | 32.60 ± 0.82 | 9.80 ± 0.86 | 3.20 ± 0.13 | 37.20 ± 3.16 |
CS1 | 67.80 ± 0.37 | 196.80 ± 6.26 * | 94.40 ± 3.08 **** | 9.20 ± 0.80 ** | 3.20 ± 0.20 ** | 86.00 ± 8.64 ** |
CS2 | 66.60 ± 0.75 | 198.00 ± 3.15 *** | 82.60 ± 1.21 **** | 9.20 ± 0.37 *** | 3.00 ± 0.00 ** | 103.00 ± 7.46 *** |
CS3 | 62.00 ± 0.32 | 162.80 ± 2.24 *** | 45.80 ± 2.01 *** | 28.20 ± 1.11 **** | 1.20 ± 0.20 *** | 110.60 ± 3.44 **** |
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Chen, C.; Xiao, Z.; Zhang, J.; Li, W.; Li, J.; Liu, C.; Chen, S. Development of In Vivo Haploid Inducer Lines for Screening Haploid Immature Embryos in Maize. Plants 2020, 9, 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060739
Chen C, Xiao Z, Zhang J, Li W, Li J, Liu C, Chen S. Development of In Vivo Haploid Inducer Lines for Screening Haploid Immature Embryos in Maize. Plants. 2020; 9(6):739. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060739
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Chen, Zijian Xiao, Junwen Zhang, Wei Li, Jinlong Li, Chenxu Liu, and Shaojiang Chen. 2020. "Development of In Vivo Haploid Inducer Lines for Screening Haploid Immature Embryos in Maize" Plants 9, no. 6: 739. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060739