Effects of the Ratio of Substituting Mineral Fertilizers with Manure Nitrogen on Soil Properties and Vegetable Yields in China: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Vegetable Yield
2.2. Total Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Soil Properties in Vegetable Fields
2.3. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Soil C and N in Vegetable Fields
2.4. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Available Phosphorus and Potassium in Vegetable Fields
2.5. Driving Factors and the Relationships between Soil Properties and Vegetable Yield under Different SRs
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Data Collection
3.2. Variables and Grouping
3.3. Data Analysis
3.4. Meta-Analysis
3.5. Statistical Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Vegetable Yield
4.2. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Soil C and N in Vegetable Fields
4.3. Effect of Manure N Substitution Ratio on Soil-Available Phosphorus and Potassium in Vegetable Fields
4.4. Uncertainties in Quantifying the Ratio of Substituting Mineral Fertilizers with Manure N
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Index | Low SR (n = 168) | Medium SR (n = 163) | High SR (n = 103) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qb | p | Qb | p | Qb | p | |
MAP | 5.82 | 0.188 | 6.10 | 0.102 | 5.62 | 0.103 |
MAT | 4.80 | 0.209 | 1.68 | 0.492 | 3.87 | 0.166 |
Climate zone | 2.58 | 0.203 | 0.12 | 0.807 | 3.37 | 0.075 |
pH | 48.00 | 0.001 | 37.42 | 0.03 | 44.97 | 0.001 |
SOC | 64.29 | 0.001 | 13.18 | 0.042 | 20.31 | 0.004 |
Soil texture | 24.83 | 0.007 | 12.75 | 0.037 | 13.56 | 0.014 |
Vegetable type Cultivation type | 4.61 10.59 | 0.341 0.012 | 7.92 7.78 | 0.161 0.014 | 5.66 1.57 | 0.266 0.243 |
Planting years | 36.00 | 0.002 | 2.27 | 0.668 | 1.98 | 0.606 |
N application | 13.98 | 0.009 | 5.78 | 0.125 | 4.04 | 0.19 |
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Wang, S.; Lv, R.; Yin, X.; Feng, P.; Hu, K. Effects of the Ratio of Substituting Mineral Fertilizers with Manure Nitrogen on Soil Properties and Vegetable Yields in China: A Meta-Analysis. Plants 2023, 12, 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040964
Wang S, Lv R, Yin X, Feng P, Hu K. Effects of the Ratio of Substituting Mineral Fertilizers with Manure Nitrogen on Soil Properties and Vegetable Yields in China: A Meta-Analysis. Plants. 2023; 12(4):964. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040964
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Shaobo, Rui Lv, Xinhua Yin, Puyu Feng, and Kelin Hu. 2023. "Effects of the Ratio of Substituting Mineral Fertilizers with Manure Nitrogen on Soil Properties and Vegetable Yields in China: A Meta-Analysis" Plants 12, no. 4: 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040964