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Review

Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos

by
Tatsuo Michiue
* and
Kohei Tsukano
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Dev. Biol. 2022, 10(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb10030035
Submission received: 25 July 2022 / Revised: 19 August 2022 / Accepted: 24 August 2022 / Published: 26 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Cell to Embryo: A Theme Issue Honoring Professor Dr. Roberto Mayor)
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Abstract

Intracellular signaling pathways are essential to establish embryonic patterning, including embryonic axis formation. Ectodermal patterning is also governed by a series of morphogens. Four ectodermal regions are thought to be controlled by morphogen gradients, but some perturbations are expected to occur during dynamic morphogenetic movement. Therefore, a mechanism to define areas precisely and reproducibly in embryos, including feedback regulation of signaling pathways, is necessary. In this review, we outline ectoderm pattern formation and signaling pathways involved in the establishment of the pre-placodal ectoderm (PPE). We also provide an example of feedback regulation of signaling pathways for robust formation of the PPE, showing the importance of this regulation.
Keywords: morphogen; feedback regulation; signaling pathway; ectoderm; placode morphogen; feedback regulation; signaling pathway; ectoderm; placode

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MDPI and ACS Style

Michiue, T.; Tsukano, K. Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos. J. Dev. Biol. 2022, 10, 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb10030035

AMA Style

Michiue T, Tsukano K. Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos. Journal of Developmental Biology. 2022; 10(3):35. https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb10030035

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michiue, Tatsuo, and Kohei Tsukano. 2022. "Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos" Journal of Developmental Biology 10, no. 3: 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb10030035

APA Style

Michiue, T., & Tsukano, K. (2022). Feedback Regulation of Signaling Pathways for Precise Pre-Placodal Ectoderm Formation in Vertebrate Embryos. Journal of Developmental Biology, 10(3), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/jdb10030035

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