KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Basic Characteristics of Human Chromosome 11p15.5 and lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 Gene
3. KCNQ1OT1 in Human Cancers
3.1. Colorectal Cancer
3.2. Glioma
3.3. Oral Cancer
3.3.1. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3.3.2. Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3.3.3. Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3.4. Acute Myeloid Leukemia
3.5. Osteosarcoma
3.6. Breast Cancer
3.7. Liver Cancer
3.7.1. Hepatocellular Carcinoma
3.7.2. Cholangiocarcinoma
3.8. Bladder Cancer
3.9. Lung Cancer
3.10. Melanoma
3.11. Ovarian Cancer
3.12. Cervical Cancer
3.13. Gastric Cancer
4. Regulatory Mechanisms of KCNQ1OT1
4.1. Impact of KCNQ1OT1 on microRNA Regulation
4.2. Impact of KCNQ1OT1 on Cell Signaling Pathways
5. Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cancer | Expression Level | Role | Associated Clinical Features † | Functional Role † | Regulatory Molecule and Pathway [Reference] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colorectal cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological differentiation, adjuvant therapy, primary tumor site, OS, DFS | Proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion, aerobic glycolysis, methotrexate resistance, adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy | miR-217/ZEB1 [1]; miR-34a/Atg4B [2]; miR-760/PPP1R1B [3]; miR-329-3p/CTNND1 [4]; miR-216b-5p/ZNF146 [5]; HK2 [6]; PI3K/AKT [7]; CD155 [8] |
Ovarian cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | OS | Proliferation, invasion, | miR-142-5p/CAPN10 [9] |
Cervical cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Proliferation, metastasis, and radioresistance | miR-491-5p/PKM2 [10] |
Glioma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Histopathological grade | Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion | miR-370/CCNE2 [11] |
Neuroblastoma | not investigated | Suppressor | not investigated | Apoptosis | miR-296-5p/Bax [12] |
Sarcoma | not investigated | not investigated | Histological type, metastasis, tumor depth, necrosis | not investigated | miR-29c-3p)/JARID2/CDK8/DNMT3A/TET1 [13] |
Oral squamous cell carcinoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Apoptosis, migration, invasion | miR-185-5p/Rab14 [14] |
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Clinical stage, node metastasis, survival status, cisplastin sensitivity | Proliferation, migration, invasion, cisplatin resistance | miR-211-5p/Ezrin/Fak/Src [15]; miR-124-3p/TRIM14 [16] |
Maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Viability, migration, invasion, | miR-204/EphA7 [17] |
Acute myeloid leukemia | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Proliferation, apoptosis, PMA-induced differentiation | miR-326/c-Myc [18] |
Osteosarcoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, EMT, aerobic gylcosis, fluorouracil resistance, | β-catenin [19]; KCNQ1/DNMT1 [20]; miR-4458/CCND2 [21]; miR-34c-5p/ALDOA [22]; miR-192-5p/LARP1 [23] |
Chordoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Multidrug resistance | miR-27b-3p/ATF2 [24] |
Breast cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Tumor size, tumor count, tumor stage | Proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration | miR-145/CCNE2 [25]; miR-107 [26] |
Cholangiocarcinoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Tumor site, differentiation grade, tumor stage, TMN stage, lymph node metastasis, postoperative recurrence | Proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, EMT | miR-140-5p/SOX4 [27] |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Proliferation, viability, survival, apoptosis, migration, invasion, metastasis, oxaliplatin and sorafenib resistance | miR-7-5p/ABCC1 [28]; miR-149/S1PR1/PI3K/AKT [29]; miR-506/PD-L1 [30]; miR-148a-3p/IGF1R [31] |
Bladder cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Poor prognosis | Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion | miR-145-5p/PCBP2 [32] |
Lung cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Tumor size, TNM stage, disease stage, lymph node metastasis, histological differentiation, smoking history, OS | Proliferation, cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis, migration, invasion, aerobic glycolysis, multidrug resistance, irradiation resistance | miR-204-5p/ATG3 [33]; MDR1 [34]; miR-27b-3p/HSP90AA1 [35]; miR-129-5p/JAG1 [36]; miR-372-3p/ATG5/ATG12 [37]; JAK2/STAT3 [38]; TGF-β1 [39] |
Lung cancer | Upregulated | Suppressor | Clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis | Proliferation | not investigated [40] |
Melanoma | Upregulated | Oncogenic | Poor prognosis | Proliferation, metastasis | miR-153/MET [41] |
Prostate cancer | Upregulated | Oncogenic | not investigated | Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, metastasis | miR-15a/PD-L1 [42]; miR-211-5p/CHI3L1 [43] |
Gastric cancer | Upregulated/Downregulated | Oncogenic/Suppressor | TNM stage, local invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, histological grade | Proliferation, viability, survival, apoptosis, migration, invasion | miR-9/LMX1A [44]; miR-145-5p/ARF6 [45]; miR-43198/DRAM2 [46] |
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Cagle, P.; Qi, Q.; Niture, S.; Kumar, D. KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11111602
Cagle P, Qi Q, Niture S, Kumar D. KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA. Biomolecules. 2021; 11(11):1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11111602
Chicago/Turabian StyleCagle, Patrice, Qi Qi, Suryakant Niture, and Deepak Kumar. 2021. "KCNQ1OT1: An Oncogenic Long Noncoding RNA" Biomolecules 11, no. 11: 1602. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11111602