A Scoping Review of Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Antidepressants: An Association Not to Be Overlooked
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia
1.2. Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia
1.3. The Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Granulocytes
1.4. Classification of Antidepressants
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.2. Selection Process of Papers and Case Studies
3. Results
3.1. Presentation of the Included Studies
3.2. Analysis
3.2.1. Presentation of Patients
3.2.2. Patterns in Course of Symptoms
3.2.3. Diagnostic Approaches
3.2.4. Treatment
3.2.5. Clinical Outcome and Remission
3.3. Limitations of Data Reported in the Clinical Cases
4. Discussion
5. Limitations of the Review
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Eosinophilic Pneumonias of Known Cause: |
- Parasitic eosinophilic pneumonias |
- Eosinophilic pneumonias of other infectious causes |
- Drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonias (acute, chronic) |
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and related syndromes |
Eosinophilic Pneumonias of Unknown Cause: |
Idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia: |
- Acute eosinophilic pneumonia |
- Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia |
Eosinophilic Pneumonias Associated with Systemic Syndromes: |
- Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA, formerly known as Churg–Strauss Syndrome) |
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome |
Other Lung Diseases with Possible Eosinophilia: |
- Organizing pneumonia |
- Bronchial asthma |
- Desquamative interstitial pneumonia |
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
- Malignant diseases |
- Sarcoidosis |
Antidepressant | Classification | Number of Cases |
---|---|---|
Sertraline | SSRI | 5 [9,10,11,12,31] |
Desipramine | SSRI | 3 [13,34,35] |
Venlafaxine | SNRI | 3 [11,36,37] |
Clomipramine | Tricyclic | 2 [31,38] |
Imipramine | Tricyclic | 2 [32,33] |
Trazodone | SARI | 1 [39] |
Duloxetine | SNRI | 1 [15] |
Trimipramine | Tricyclic | 1 [16] |
Amitriptyline | Tricyclic | 1 [40] |
Vortioxetine | SMS | 1 [41] |
Maprotiline | Tetracyclic | 1 [14] |
References | Medication | Lung Involvement | Dosage of Drug | Duration to Symptom Onset | Patient Age | Sex | History of Smoking | Asthma | BAL Eos | CXR/CT | Treatment Dosage | Treatment Duration | ICU/Intubation | Oxygen Therapy | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brancaleone P. et al. [12] | Sertraline | CEP* | 100 mg | 10 months | 69 | F | no | n/m | 18% | yes | Sertraline cessation | - | - | - | Remission |
Adhikari P. et al. [9] | Sertraline | AEP* | 200 mg | 2 months | 76 | F | no | no | 25% | yes | MP (3 gr) to PD (60 mg) | n/m | yes/no | yes | Remission |
Muftah M. et al. [10] | Sertraline | AEP | 100 mg | 6 months | 49 | F | no | n/m | 41% | yes | PD 40 mg | 3 days | no/no | yes | Remission |
Tsigkaropoulou et al. [11] | Sertraline | AEP | - | - | 80 | F | no | n/m | n/m | n/m | n/m | 7+ days | no/no | n/m | Remission |
Barnes M.T. et al. [31] | Sertraline Clomipramine | AEP | 50 mg 50 mg | 1 week 4 weeks | 40 | F | no | no | n/p | yes | SSRI cessation | - | no/no | n/m | Remission |
Cimen P. et al. [38] | Clomipramine | AEP | 75 mg | 6 days | 38 | F | yes | no | 30% | yes | MP 60 mg | 4 weeks | yes/no | NIV | Remission |
Panuska J.R. et al. [13] | Desipramine | CEP | 200 mg | 3 weeks | 52 | M | no | no | n/m | yes | Aminophylline/ inhaled β2 agonist | n/m | no/no | n/m | Remission |
Kraus R.P. et al. [34] | Desipramine | AEP | 150 mg | 13 days | 67 | F | no | no | n/m | yes | Desipramine cessation | - | no/no | yes | Remission |
Mutnick A. et al. [35] | Desipramine | AEP | 150 mg | 7 days | 39 | F | no | no | n/p | yes | MP 60 mg PD 20 mg | n/m | no/no | yes | Remission |
Tsigkaropoulou et al. [11] | Venlafaxine | AEP | 225 mg | 1 month | 80 | F | no | n/m | 28% | yes | PD 10 mg | n/m | no/no | yes | Remission |
Paparrigopoulos et al. [37] | Venlafaxine | AEP | 6.3 g overdose | 2 days | 27 | M | no | no | 80% | yes | MP (1.8 g) to PD (60 mg) | 3 months | yes/yes | yes | Remission |
Fleisch M.C. et al. [36] | Venlafaxine | AEP | 75 mg | 2 weeks | 41 | M | yes | no | 25% | yes | MP 3 g | 3 days | yes/no | yes | Remission |
Wilson I.C et al. [33] | Imipramine | Löffler’s syndrome | 300 mg | 11 days | 43 | F | n/m | n/m | n/p | yes | Imipramine cessation | - | no/no | no | Remission |
Amsterdam J.D. [32] | Imipramine | Löffler’s syndrome | 300 mg | 30 days | 36 | F | n/m | yes | n/p | yes | Imipramine cessation | - | no/no | no | Remission |
Gaudenz R. et al.≠ [14] | Maprotiline | CEP | 3 months | 74 | M | yes | Maprotiline cessation | Remission | |||||||
Espeleta V.J. et al. [15] | Duloxetine | CEP | - | 4 months | 32 | M | no | no | 15% | yes | Duloxetine cessation | - | no/no | no | Remission |
Salerno S.M. et al. [39] | Trazodone | AEP | 1.5 g overdose | 5 days | 31 | F | no | no | 80% | yes | MP (dose n/m) | 7 days | yes/yes | yes | Remission |
Noh H. et al. [40] | Amitriptyline | AEP | 5 mg | 8 days | 26 | F | n/m | no | 38% | yes | Amitriptyline cessation | - | no/no | n/m | Remission |
Eigenmann A.K. et al. [16] | Trimipramine | CEP | 300 mg | 5 weeks | 55 | M | no | no | n/m | yes | PD 50 mg | n/m | no/no | n/m | Remission |
O’Brien T.M. et al. [41] | Vortioxetine | AEP | 10 mg | 3 weeks | 35 | M | n/m | no | n/p | yes | MP—500 mg | 2 days | Yes/no | yes | Remission |
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Steiner, J.; Steuernagel, L.; Drakopanagiotakis, F.; Bonelis, K.; Steiropoulos, P. A Scoping Review of Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Antidepressants: An Association Not to Be Overlooked. Diseases 2025, 13, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13010013
Steiner J, Steuernagel L, Drakopanagiotakis F, Bonelis K, Steiropoulos P. A Scoping Review of Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Antidepressants: An Association Not to Be Overlooked. Diseases. 2025; 13(1):13. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13010013
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteiner, Jaron, Leonie Steuernagel, Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Konstantinos Bonelis, and Paschalis Steiropoulos. 2025. "A Scoping Review of Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Antidepressants: An Association Not to Be Overlooked" Diseases 13, no. 1: 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13010013
APA StyleSteiner, J., Steuernagel, L., Drakopanagiotakis, F., Bonelis, K., & Steiropoulos, P. (2025). A Scoping Review of Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Antidepressants: An Association Not to Be Overlooked. Diseases, 13(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases13010013