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Article

Building Trust and Cybersecurity Awareness in Saudi Arabia: Key Drivers of AI-Powered Smart Home Device Adoption

by
Mohammad Mulayh Alshammari
* and
Yaser Hasan Al-Mamary
*
Department of Management and Information Systems, College of Business Administration, University of Ha’il, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Systems 2025, 13(10), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13100863
Submission received: 21 August 2025 / Revised: 27 September 2025 / Accepted: 28 September 2025 / Published: 30 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Artificial Intelligence and Digital Systems Engineering)

Abstract

Smart home technologies are increasingly powered by artificial intelligence (AI), offering convenience, energy efficiency, and security, but also raising serious concerns around privacy and cybersecurity. This study seeks to explore the factors that affect the adoption of AI-powered smart home devices by extending the Trust in Technology Model (TTM) to incorporate cybersecurity awareness. The objective is to better understand how users’ trust in technology, institutions, and specific devices, combined with their cybersecurity awareness, influences adoption behavior. A quantitative research design was used, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the assumed relationships among the variables. The results confirm that propensity to trust, in general, technology significantly enhances institution-based trust, which in turn positively influences trust in specific technologies. Trust in specific technologies and cybersecurity awareness were both found to strongly increase users’ intention to adopt AI-powered smart home devices. Moreover, users’ intentions showed the strongest effect on deep structure use, highlighting that positive behavioral intention is a key driver of actual, advanced utilization of these technologies. These results highlight the importance of trust-building and awareness initiatives for fostering wider adoption. This research extends the current literature on technology adoption and provides a framework that can help explain the user’s adoption of AI-powered smart home devices. Its originality lies in integrating cybersecurity awareness into the TTM, offering both theoretical contributions and practical implications for policymakers, developers, and marketers.
Keywords: AI-powered smart home devices; technology adoption; cybersecurity awareness; trust AI-powered smart home devices; technology adoption; cybersecurity awareness; trust

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Alshammari, M.M.; Al-Mamary, Y.H. Building Trust and Cybersecurity Awareness in Saudi Arabia: Key Drivers of AI-Powered Smart Home Device Adoption. Systems 2025, 13, 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13100863

AMA Style

Alshammari MM, Al-Mamary YH. Building Trust and Cybersecurity Awareness in Saudi Arabia: Key Drivers of AI-Powered Smart Home Device Adoption. Systems. 2025; 13(10):863. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13100863

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alshammari, Mohammad Mulayh, and Yaser Hasan Al-Mamary. 2025. "Building Trust and Cybersecurity Awareness in Saudi Arabia: Key Drivers of AI-Powered Smart Home Device Adoption" Systems 13, no. 10: 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13100863

APA Style

Alshammari, M. M., & Al-Mamary, Y. H. (2025). Building Trust and Cybersecurity Awareness in Saudi Arabia: Key Drivers of AI-Powered Smart Home Device Adoption. Systems, 13(10), 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13100863

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