Preparation and Characterization of Ultrasound Treated Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan/DMC Antimicrobial Films
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. PVA/CS and PVA/CS/DMC Films Preparation
2.3. Fourier-Transform Infrared Experiment
2.4. Thickness
2.5. Water Vapor Permeability
2.6. Light Transmittance
2.7. Color Properties
2.8. Tensile Properties
2.9. Density Test
2.10. Biodegradability in Soil
2.11. Moisture Content
2.12. Antimicrobial Experiment
2.13. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FTIR Analysis of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.2. Morphology of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.3. Water Vapor Permeability of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.4. The Light Transmittance of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.5. The Measurement of Color Properties and Opacity of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.6. Mechanical Properties of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.7. Density Test of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.8. Moisture Contents of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.9. Degradation Percentages of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
3.10. Antibacterial Properties of PVA/CS/DMC Composite Films
4. Conclusion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | DMC (g) | CS (g) | PVA (g) | Gly (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PVA | 0 | 0 | 26 | 2 |
PVA/CS | 0 | 6 | 20 | 2 |
PVA/CS/DMC-1% | 2 | 6 | 20 | 2 |
PVA/CS/DMC-2% | 4 | 6 | 20 | 2 |
PVA/CS/DMC-3% | 6 | 6 | 20 | 2 |
PVA/CS/DMC-4% | 8 | 6 | 20 | 2 |
Film | L* | a* | b* | △E* |
---|---|---|---|---|
PVA/CS-0 | 88.17 ± 0.65Aa | 1.26 ± 0.21Aa | -5.51 ± 0.4Bb | 1.40 ± 0.39Ac |
PVA/CS-30 | 88.45 ± 0.11Aa | 0.73 ± 0.08Ba | -4.79 ± 0.11Aa | 1.82 ± 0.11Ab |
PVA/CS-60 | 88.38 ± 0.19Aa | 0.72 ± 0.15Ba | -4.61 ± 0.15Ac | 1.96 ± 0.25Ac |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-0 | 88.30 ± 0.09Aa | 0.73 ± 0.15Aab | -4.47 ± 0.05Aa | 0.82 ± 0.09Ad |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-30 | 87.86 ± 0.28Aa | 0.40 ± 0.14Aab | -4.36 ± 0.19Abc | 0.41 ± 0.24Ac |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-60 | 88.01 ± 0.27Aab | 0.48 ± 0.20Aab | -4.39 ± 0.28Ac | 0.61 ± 0.20Ad |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-0 | 88.48 ± 0.17Aa | 0.64 ± 0.16Aab | -4.42 ± 0.18Aa | 2.12 ± 0.27Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-30 | 88.42 ± 0.15Aa | 0.39 ± 0.18Aab | -4.16 ± 0.20Aab | 2.48 ± 0.27Aab |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-60 | 88.16 ± 0.55Aa | 0.23 ± 0.34Aabc | -3.94 ± 0.31Ab | 2.83 ± 0.63Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-0 | 88.14 ± 0.18Aa | 0.23 ± 0.39Ab | -4.32 ± 0.13Ba | 0.72 ± 0.22Ad |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-30 | 87.78 ± 0.28Aa | 0.19 ± 0.19Aab | -3.93 ± 0.12ABab | 0.57 ± 0.16Ac |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-60 | 87.92 ± 0.26Aab | 0.04 ± 0.12Abc | -3.76 ± 0.13Ab | 0.79 ± 0.05Ad |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-0 | 88.46 ± 0.21Aa | 0.17 ± 0.15Aab | -4.01 ± 0.17Ba | 2.72 ± 0.26Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-30 | 87.71 ± 0.33ABa | −0.11 ± 0.28Ab | −3.78 ± 0.30ABc | 3.27 ± 0.49Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-60 | 87.37 ± 0.27Bb | −0.15 ± 0.18Ac | −3.29 ± 0.31Aa | 3.81 ± 0.35Aa |
Samples | Stress (MPa) | Strain (%) | Thickness (mm) | Density (g/cm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PVA/CS-0 | 21.91 ± 0.34Aa | 240.44 ± 6.19Bb | 0.05 ± 0.01Aa | 1.24 ± 0.02Ab |
PVA/CS-30 | 22.07 ± 0.35Aa | 281.76 ± 0.30Ba | 0.10 ± 0.02Aa | 1.39 ± 0.01Aa |
PVA/CS-60 | 22.01 ± 0.18Aa | 256.83 ± 9.49Ab | 0.07 ± 0.01Ca | 1.28 ± 0.02ABb |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-0 | 13.28 ± 0.11Ba | 75.27 ± 2.97Ca | 0.11 ± 0.01Ab | 1.24 ± 0.01Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-30 | 16.34 ± 2.67Ca | 60.23 ± 6.54Ca | 0.14 ± 0.02Aa | 1.35 ± 0.02Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-1-60 | 13.56 ± 0.59ABa | 78.93 ± 7.39Ba | 0.11 ± 0.01ABab | 1.26 ± 0.02ABb |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-0 | 11.65 ± 0.21Ca | 273.70 ± 4.86Ab | 0.10 ± 0.02Aa | 1.31 ± 0.03Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-30 | 17.35 ± 2.72Ba | 347.06 ± 21.31Aa | 0.10 ± 0.02Aa | 1.40 ± 0.02Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-2-60 | 15.00 ± 0.65Aa | 277.85 ± 15.14Ab | 0.08 ± 0.02BCa | 1.31 ± 0.02Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-0 | 10.46 ± 0.06Da | 44.24 ± 0.05Db | 0.12 ± 0.02Aa | 1.23 ± 0.02Ab |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-30 | 10.70 ± 0.01Da | 44.14 ± 0.05Cb | 0.10 ± 0.02Aa | 1.35 ± 0.02Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-3-60 | 10.49 ± 0.26Ba | 83.43 ± 7.07Ba | 0.13 ± 0.02Aa | 1.27 ± 0.01ABb |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-0 | 3.19 ± 0.62Ea | 55.40 ± 2.29Da | 0.11 ± 0.02Ab | 1.22 ± 0.04Aa |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-30 | 4.63 ± 0.18Ea | 62.44 ± 1.00Ca | 0.08 ± 0.02Aa | 1.24 ± 0.02Ba |
PVA/CS/DMC-4-60 | 3.81 ± 0.62Ca | 67.83 ± 10.54Ba | 0.08 ± 0.02BCb | 1.22 ± 0.02Aba |
Sample | S. aureus | E. coli |
---|---|---|
PVA/CS | 52.88 ± 2.50c | 45.19 ± 2.12c |
PVA/CS/DMC-2%-0 min | 62.12 ± 1.35b | 54.04 ± 0.67b |
PVA/CS/DMC-2%-30 min | 79.23 ± 1.92a | 72.31 ± 1.35a |
PVA/CS/DMC-2%-60 min | 81.15 ± 0.38a | 74.42 ± 1.06a |
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Li, R.; Wang, Y.; Xu, J.; Ahmed, S.; Liu, Y. Preparation and Characterization of Ultrasound Treated Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan/DMC Antimicrobial Films. Coatings 2019, 9, 582. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9090582
Li R, Wang Y, Xu J, Ahmed S, Liu Y. Preparation and Characterization of Ultrasound Treated Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan/DMC Antimicrobial Films. Coatings. 2019; 9(9):582. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9090582
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Rui, Yue Wang, Jie Xu, Saeed Ahmed, and Yaowen Liu. 2019. "Preparation and Characterization of Ultrasound Treated Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan/DMC Antimicrobial Films" Coatings 9, no. 9: 582. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9090582