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Antibiotics
Volume 10
Issue 2
10.3390/antibiotics10020099
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Article

Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria

by
Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril
1,2,
Iruka N. Okeke
3,
Anders Dalsgaard
1,4,
Vanesa García Menéndez
1,5 and
John Elmerdahl Olsen
1,*
1
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
2
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto 234840, Nigeria
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 234200, Nigeria
4
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
5
Laboratorio de Referencia de Escherichia coli (LREC), Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), 27002 Lugo, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020099
Received: 4 December 2020 / Revised: 6 January 2021 / Accepted: 19 January 2021 / Published: 20 January 2021
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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern, and resistance genes in Salmonella, especially those located on mobile genetic elements, are part of the problem. This study used phenotypic and genomic methods to identify antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes, as well as the plasmids that bear them, in Salmonella isolates obtained from poultry in Nigeria. Seventy-four isolates were tested for susceptibility to eleven commonly used antimicrobials. Plasmid reconstruction and identification of resistance and virulence genes were performed with a draft genome using in silico approaches in parallel with plasmid extraction. Phenotypic resistance to ciprofloxacin (50.0%), gentamicin (48.6%), nalidixic acid (79.7%), sulphonamides (71.6%) and tetracycline (59.5%) was the most observed. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) detected in genomes corresponded well with these observations. Commonly observed ARGs included sul1, sul2, sul3, tet (A), tet (M), qnrS1, qnrB19 and a variety of aminoglycoside-modifying genes, in addition to point mutations in the gyrA and parC genes. Multiple ARGs were predicted to be located on IncN and IncQ1 plasmids of S. Schwarzengrund and S. Muenster, and most qnrB19 genes were carried by Col (pHAD28) plasmids. Seventy-two percent (19/24) of S. Kentucky strains carried multidrug ARGs located in two distinct variants of Salmonella genomic island I. The majority of strains carried full SPI-1 and SPI-2 islands, suggesting full virulence potential. View Full-Text
Keywords: resistance; plasmids; Salmonella; poultry; Salmonella genomic islands; whole genome sequence; Nigeria resistance; plasmids; Salmonella; poultry; Salmonella genomic islands; whole genome sequence; Nigeria
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MDPI and ACS Style

Jibril, A.H.; Okeke, I.N.; Dalsgaard, A.; Menéndez, V.G.; Olsen, J.E. Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020099

AMA Style

Jibril AH, Okeke IN, Dalsgaard A, Menéndez VG, Olsen JE. Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria. Antibiotics. 2021; 10(2):99. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020099

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jibril, Abdurrahman H., Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard, Vanesa G. Menéndez, and John E. Olsen. 2021. "Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria" Antibiotics 10, no. 2: 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020099

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