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Nanomaterials
Volume 7
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10.3390/nano7050108
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Article

Surface Modification and Damage of MeV-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation on Gold Nanowires

by
Yaxiong Cheng
1,2,
Huijun Yao
1,*,
Jinglai Duan
1,
Lijun Xu
1,
Pengfei Zhai
1,
Shuangbao Lyu
1,
Yonghui Chen
1,
Khan Maaz
1,3,
Dan Mo
1,
Youmei Sun
1 and
Jie Liu
1,*
1
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
2
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
3
Nanomaterials Research Group, Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Krasimir Vasilev
Nanomaterials 2017, 7(5), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7050108
Received: 23 January 2017 / Revised: 17 April 2017 / Accepted: 20 April 2017 / Published: 15 May 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoengineered Interfaces, Coatings and Structures by Plasma Techniques)
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Abstract

Gold nanowires with diameters ranging from 20 to 90 nm were fabricated by the electrochemical deposition technique in etched ion track polycarbonate templates and were then irradiated by Xe and Kr ions with the energy in MeV range. The surface modification of nanowires was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations. Different craters with and without protrusion on the gold nanowires were analyzed, and the two corresponding formation mechanisms, i.e., plastic flow and micro-explosion, were investigated. In addition, the sputtered gold nanoparticles caused by ion irradiation were studied and it was confirmed that the surface damage produced in gold nanowires was increased as the diameter of the nanowires decreased. It was also found that heavy ion irradiation can also create stacking fault tetrahedrons (SFTs) in gold nanowires and three different SFTs were confirmed in irradiated nanowires. A statistical analysis of the size distribution of SFTs in gold nanowires proved that the average size distribution of SFT was positively related to the nuclear stopping power of incident ions, i.e., the higher nuclear stopping power of incident ions could generate SFT with a larger average size in gold nanowires. View Full-Text
Keywords: gold nanowires; ion irradiation; surface modification; stacking fault tetrahedrons gold nanowires; ion irradiation; surface modification; stacking fault tetrahedrons
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cheng, Y.; Yao, H.; Duan, J.; Xu, L.; Zhai, P.; Lyu, S.; Chen, Y.; Maaz, K.; Mo, D.; Sun, Y.; Liu, J. Surface Modification and Damage of MeV-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation on Gold Nanowires. Nanomaterials 2017, 7, 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7050108

AMA Style

Cheng Y, Yao H, Duan J, Xu L, Zhai P, Lyu S, Chen Y, Maaz K, Mo D, Sun Y, Liu J. Surface Modification and Damage of MeV-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation on Gold Nanowires. Nanomaterials. 2017; 7(5):108. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7050108

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheng, Yaxiong, Huijun Yao, Jinglai Duan, Lijun Xu, Pengfei Zhai, Shuangbao Lyu, Yonghui Chen, Khan Maaz, Dan Mo, Youmei Sun, and Jie Liu. 2017. "Surface Modification and Damage of MeV-Energy Heavy Ion Irradiation on Gold Nanowires" Nanomaterials 7, no. 5: 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7050108

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