Pearson-Fisher Chi-Square Statistic Revisited
1
“Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 6 Louis Pasteur, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania
2
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
3
Fruit Research Station, 3-5 Horticultorilor, Cluj-Napoca 400454, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Information 2011, 2(3), 528-545; https://doi.org/10.3390/info2030528
Received: 22 July 2011
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Revised: 20 August 2011
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Accepted: 8 September 2011
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Published: 15 September 2011
(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory and Methodology)
The Chi-Square test (χ2 test) is a family of tests based on a series of assumptions and is frequently used in the statistical analysis of experimental data. The aim of our paper was to present solutions to common problems when applying the Chi-square tests for testing goodness-of-fit, homogeneity and independence. The main characteristics of these three tests are presented along with various problems related to their application. The main problems identified in the application of the goodness-of-fit test were as follows: defining the frequency classes, calculating the X2 statistic, and applying the χ2 test. Several solutions were identified, presented and analyzed. Three different equations were identified as being able to determine the contribution of each factor on three hypothesizes (minimization of variance, minimization of square coefficient of variation and minimization of X2 statistic) in the application of the Chi-square test of homogeneity. The best solution was directly related to the distribution of the experimental error. The Fisher exact test proved to be the “golden test” in analyzing the independence while the Yates and Mantel-Haenszel corrections could be applied as alternative tests.
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Keywords:
Chi-square statistics; Fisher exact test; Chi-square distribution; 2 × 2 contingency table
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bolboacă, S.D.; Jäntschi, L.; Sestraş, A.F.; Sestraş, R.E.; Pamfil, D.C. Pearson-Fisher Chi-Square Statistic Revisited. Information 2011, 2, 528-545. https://doi.org/10.3390/info2030528
AMA Style
Bolboacă SD, Jäntschi L, Sestraş AF, Sestraş RE, Pamfil DC. Pearson-Fisher Chi-Square Statistic Revisited. Information. 2011; 2(3):528-545. https://doi.org/10.3390/info2030528
Chicago/Turabian StyleBolboacă, Sorana D., Lorentz Jäntschi, Adriana F. Sestraş, Radu E. Sestraş, and Doru C. Pamfil. 2011. "Pearson-Fisher Chi-Square Statistic Revisited" Information 2, no. 3: 528-545. https://doi.org/10.3390/info2030528
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