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Volume 13
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Study on Cavitation Flow Structure Evolution in the Hump Region of Water-Jet Pumps Under the Valley Condition

by
Yingying Zheng
1,
Yun Long
2,
Min Liu
2,
Hanqiao Han
2,*,
Kai Wang
2,
Jinqing Zhong
1 and
Yun Long
1,*
1
National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2
R&D Department, Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1598; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081598
Submission received: 26 June 2025 / Revised: 31 July 2025 / Accepted: 20 August 2025 / Published: 21 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

During the hydraulic performance experiment, significant vibration and noise were observed in the mixed-flow pump operating in the hump region. Cavitation occurrence in the impeller flow channels was confirmed through the transparent chamber. To analyze cavitation flow structure evolution in the mixed-flow pump, this paper integrates numerical and experimental approaches, capturing cavitation flow structures under the valley condition through high-speed photography technology. During the various stages of cavitation development, the cavitation forms are mostly vortex cavitation, cloud cavitation, and perpendicular vortex cavitation. Impeller rotation induces downstream transport of shedding cloud cavitation shedding structures. Flow blockage occurs when cavitation vortexes obstruct specific passages, accelerating cavitation growth that culminates in head reduction through energy dissipation mechanisms. Vortex evolution analysis revealed enhanced density of small-scale vortex structures with stronger localized core intensity in the impeller and diffuser. Despite larger individual vortex scales, reduced core intensity persists throughout the full flow domain. Concurrently, velocity profile characteristics across flow rates and blade sections (spanwise from tip to root) indicate heightened predisposition to flow separation, recirculation zones, and low-velocity regions during off-design operation. This study provides scientific guidance for enhancing anti-cavitation performance in the hump region.
Keywords: valley condition; cavitation; mixed-flow pump; flow structure; hump region valley condition; cavitation; mixed-flow pump; flow structure; hump region

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, Y.; Long, Y.; Liu, M.; Han, H.; Wang, K.; Zhong, J.; Long, Y. Study on Cavitation Flow Structure Evolution in the Hump Region of Water-Jet Pumps Under the Valley Condition. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081598

AMA Style

Zheng Y, Long Y, Liu M, Han H, Wang K, Zhong J, Long Y. Study on Cavitation Flow Structure Evolution in the Hump Region of Water-Jet Pumps Under the Valley Condition. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(8):1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081598

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Yingying, Yun Long, Min Liu, Hanqiao Han, Kai Wang, Jinqing Zhong, and Yun Long. 2025. "Study on Cavitation Flow Structure Evolution in the Hump Region of Water-Jet Pumps Under the Valley Condition" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 8: 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081598

APA Style

Zheng, Y., Long, Y., Liu, M., Han, H., Wang, K., Zhong, J., & Long, Y. (2025). Study on Cavitation Flow Structure Evolution in the Hump Region of Water-Jet Pumps Under the Valley Condition. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(8), 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081598

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