A Method to Study the Influence of the Pesticide Load on the Detailed Distribution Law of Downwash for Multi-Rotor UAV
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. UAV Research Models and Methods
2.1. Physical Structure Model
2.2. Governing Equations of the Downwash Flow Field
2.3. Turbulence Model and Solution Method of Downwash Airflow
3. Study on the Influence of Load on the Distribution of Downwash Flow Field
3.1. Reliability Verification of Numerical Calculation for Downwash Flow Field
3.2. Effect of Load on Longitudinal and Transverse Wind Speed Distribution of Downwash
3.3. Effect of Load on Flow Characteristics of Downwash
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The errors between the calculated and the experimental values of wind speed in the vertical direction for the critical observation points were within 11%, the calculated values of the rotor pulling force were in good agreement with the design values, and the y+ value of the rotor wall was within a reasonable range.
- (2)
- Spray height of this multi-rotor plant protection UAV was recommended to be 2.5 m or higher, and the influence area of the downwash at the height of 2.5 m was dissipated into the focused circle.
- (3)
- The nozzles were recommended to be installed directly under the two rotors along the y-direction, the centrifugal nozzle with positive y-axis rotate counterclockwise, and the centrifugal nozzle with negative y-axis rotate clockwise, so that the droplets can be induced by the same turning rotor to the underside of the rotorcraft body and effectively dispersed. In addition, further work will focus on the influence mechanism of wind field, droplet, and crop interaction on the canopy deposition.
- (4)
- Compared with the four-rotor plant protection UAV [29], the six-rotor plant protection UAV had obvious inter wing interference. Under the influence of wing interference caused by the opposite velocity of adjacent rotor, the turbulent effect of down wash flow was obvious, and the “airflow inlet” and “airflow outlet” region appeared between the wings area at the cross section.
- (5)
- The results show that the pesticide load had an obvious effect on the longitudinal distribution of downwash airflow. As the load increased, the longitudinal distribution of flow field transited from “shrinkage–expansion–shrinkage” to “shrinkage–expansion”.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Load (kg) | Simulated Lift Values of Single Rotors (N) | Total Simulated Lift (N) | Total Designed Lift (N) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rotor 1 | Rotor 2 | Rotor 3 | Rotor 4 | Rotor 5 | Rotor 6 | |||
0 | 9.8827 | 9.8813 | 9.8805 | 9.8755 | 9.8738 | 9.8675 | 59.2613 | 58.8 |
1 | 11.5341 | 11.5359 | 11.5311 | 11.5358 | 11.5276 | 11.5263 | 69.1908 | 68.6 |
2 | 13.0190 | 13.0234 | 13.0279 | 13.0184 | 13.0150 | 13.0049 | 78.1086 | 78.4 |
3 | 14.6091 | 14.6117 | 14.6063 | 14.6111 | 14.5991 | 14.5974 | 87.6347 | 88.2 |
4 | 16.3081 | 16.3037 | 16.3053 | 16.3077 | 16.2957 | 16.2952 | 97.8157 | 98.0 |
5 | 17.9452 | 17.9497 | 17.9487 | 17.9448 | 17.9453 | 17.9487 | 107.6824 | 107.8 |
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Yang, F.; Zhou, H.; Ru, Y.; Chen, Q.; Zhou, L. A Method to Study the Influence of the Pesticide Load on the Detailed Distribution Law of Downwash for Multi-Rotor UAV. Agriculture 2022, 12, 2061. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122061
Yang F, Zhou H, Ru Y, Chen Q, Zhou L. A Method to Study the Influence of the Pesticide Load on the Detailed Distribution Law of Downwash for Multi-Rotor UAV. Agriculture. 2022; 12(12):2061. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122061
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Fengbo, Hongping Zhou, Yu Ru, Qing Chen, and Lei Zhou. 2022. "A Method to Study the Influence of the Pesticide Load on the Detailed Distribution Law of Downwash for Multi-Rotor UAV" Agriculture 12, no. 12: 2061. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122061