The Role of Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Vascular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(9), 1325; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091325
Received: 25 July 2019
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Revised: 16 August 2019
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Accepted: 25 August 2019
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Published: 28 August 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Immunopathogenesis to Treatment Strategies)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune syndrome of unknown etiology, characterized by multi-organ inflammation and clinical heterogeneity. SLE affects mostly women and is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. As the therapeutic management of SLE improved, a pattern of early atherosclerotic disease became one of the hallmarks of late disease morbidity and mortality. Neutrophils emerged as important players in SLE pathogenesis and they are associated with increased risk of developing atherosclerotic disease and vascular damage. Enhanced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation was linked to vasculopathy in both SLE and non-SLE subjects and may promote enhanced coronary plaque formation and lipoprotein dysregulation. Foundational work provided insight into the complex relationship between NETs and immune and tissue resident cells within the diseased artery. In this review, we highlight the mechanistic link between neutrophils, NETs, and atherosclerosis within the context of both SLE and non-SLE subjects. We aim to identify actionable pathways that will drive future research toward translational therapeutics, with the ultimate goal of preventing early morbidity and mortality in SLE.
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Keywords:
neutrophils; atherosclerosis; interferon; vascular damage
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MDPI and ACS Style
O’Neil, L.J.; Kaplan, M.J.; Carmona-Rivera, C. The Role of Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Vascular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091325
AMA Style
O’Neil LJ, Kaplan MJ, Carmona-Rivera C. The Role of Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Vascular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(9):1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091325
Chicago/Turabian StyleO’Neil, Liam J., Mariana J. Kaplan, and Carmelo Carmona-Rivera. 2019. "The Role of Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Vascular Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 9: 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091325
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