Predictors of Antenatal Care Service Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Research Question
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Eligibility Criteria to Include Studies
2.3. Search Strategy
2.4. Method of Study Selection
2.5. Quality Assessment (Risk of Bias)
2.6. Data Abstraction or Extraction
2.7. Definition of Variables
2.8. Statistical Data Analysis Methods
3. Results
3.1. Database Search Findings
3.2. Description of Included Study Features
3.3. Predictors of ANC Service Utilization
3.4. Systematic Review Finding
3.5. Publication Bias
3.6. Effect Modification
4. Discussion
4.1. Discussion of Main Findings
4.2. Limitations of the Study
4.3. Practical Implications of This Study
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ANC | Antenatal Care |
AOR | Adjusted Odds Ratio |
CI | Confidence Interval |
C.S | Cross-sectional |
EDHS | Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey |
HCPs | Health Care Providers |
H.F | Health Facilities |
KA-HDSS | Kilite-Awlaelo Health and Demographic Surveillance System |
K.M | Kilometer |
LMIC | Low and Middle-Income Countries |
MHS | Maternal Health Service |
MHSU | Maternal Health Service Utilization |
NOS | Newcastle–Ottawa scale |
ODS | Obstetric Danger Signs |
PNC | Postnatal Care |
PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses |
SBA | Skilled Birth Attendant |
SDG | Sustainable Development Goal |
SNNPRS | South Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional State |
WHO | World Health Organization |
WRA | Women of Reproductive Age |
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Predictors | No of Included in the Analysis | Categories | Pooled AOR with 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Place of residence | 12 | urban | 1.02 (0.82–1.21) |
rural | 1 | ||
Wealth rank | 6 | Highest | 1.92 (1.53–2.31) |
Lowest | 1 | ||
Women’s education status | 7 | Have formal | 2.40 (1.75–3.06) |
No schooling | 1 | ||
husband’s education status | 8 | Have formal | 1.49 (1.31–1.66) |
No schooling | 1 | ||
Women age groups | 7 | ≥20 years | 1.75 (1.47–2.17) |
<20 years | 1 | ||
Marital status | 5 | Married | 0.97 (0.69, 1.25) |
Others | 1 | ||
Parity | 6 | 1–4 | 0.91 (0.76–1.06) |
>4 | 1 | ||
Media exposure | 7 | Yes | 1.44 (1.21–1.66) |
No | 1 | ||
Knowledge about pregnancy complications | 6 | Adequate | 1.49 (1.11–1.88) |
Inadequate | 1 | ||
Planned pregnancy | 10 | Yes | 1.59 (1.28–1.91) |
No | 1 | ||
women’s autonomy to decide | 4 | Yes | 1.42 (1.23–1.62) |
No | 1 | ||
Perceived the importance of ANC follow-up | 4 | Yes | 2.68 (0.27–5.09) |
No | 1 | ||
Husband’s attitude | 5 | Positive | 1.42 (1.23–1.62) |
Negative | 1 |
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Yoseph, A.; Mutwiri, G.; Guillen-Grima, F. Predictors of Antenatal Care Service Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072517
Yoseph A, Mutwiri G, Guillen-Grima F. Predictors of Antenatal Care Service Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(7):2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072517
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoseph, Amanuel, G. Mutwiri, and Francisco Guillen-Grima. 2025. "Predictors of Antenatal Care Service Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 7: 2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072517
APA StyleYoseph, A., Mutwiri, G., & Guillen-Grima, F. (2025). Predictors of Antenatal Care Service Utilization Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(7), 2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072517