Goal Achievement in 3017 Patients at Very High Cardiovascular Risk Based on Different LDL Cholesterol Calculations and Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels—Shortcomings of the Use of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Target Depending on Triglyceride Levels
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Patient Enrolment
2.2. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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V1 | V2 | V3 | p-Values (V1 vs. V3) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patient number; n | 3017 | |||
Female; n(%) | 1405 (47) | |||
Male; n(%) | 1612 (53) | |||
Age (yrs) | 65 ± 10 | |||
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.87 ± 1.19 | 4.44 ± 1.04 | 4.11 ± 0.87 | <0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.41 ± 0.44 | 1.46 ± 0.42 | 1.47 ± 0.39 | <0.001 |
Non-HDL-C (mmol/L) | 4.46 ± 1.15 | 2.98 ± 1.00 | 2.64 ± 0.85 | <0.001 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2.08 ± 0.89 | 1.73 ± 0.62 | 1.61 ± 0.54 | <0.001 |
MH-LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.64 ± 1.05 | 2.33 ± 0.92 | 2.04 ± 0.78 | <0.001 |
F-LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.52 ± 1.12 | 2.20 ± 0.96 | 1.91 ± 0.81 | <0.001 |
S-LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.61 ± 1.06 | 2.29 ± 0.94 | 2.00 ± 0.81 | <0.001 |
Remnant cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.91 ± 0.26 | 0.65 ± 0.17 | 0.60 ± 0.14 | <0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 77.0 ± 11.6 | 77.6 ± 11.2 | 78.4 ± 18.8 | <0.001 |
TSH (mIU/L) | 2.27 ± 0.96 | - | - | |
Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.25 ± 1.02 | 6.21 ± 0.92 | 6.27 ± 0.89 | <0.001 |
hsCRP (mg/L) | 6.43 ± 5.1 | 5.21 ± 3.4 | 5.23 ± 3.5 | <0.001 |
AST (U/L) | 27 ± 13 | 26 ± 10 | 26 ± 10 | 0.002 |
ALT (U/L) | 28 ± 15 | 28 ± 13 | 27 ± 11 | 0.009 |
Creatine kinase (IU/L) | 89 ± 51 | 87 ± 50 | 88 ± 49 | 0.322 |
Rosuvastatin n (%); 5–15 mg | 416 (14) | 52 (2) | 42 (1.5) | |
Rosuvastatin n (%); 20–40 mg | 1183 (59) | 605 (20) | 575 (19) | |
Atorvastatin n (%); 10–30 mg | 503 (17) | 0 | 0 | |
Atorvastatin n (%); 40–80 mg | 523 (17) | 0 | 0 | |
Other statin n (%) | 151 (5) | 0 | 0 | |
Statin naive n (%) | 241 (8) | - | - | |
Rosuvastatin/eze (SP) | - | 1940 (64) | 1922 (63.7) | |
Rosuvastatin/eze (DP) | - | 420 (14) | 477 (15.7) |
All | TG < 1.2 | TG 1.2–1.69 | TG 1.7–2.29 | TG ≥ 2.3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients n (%) | 3017 | 523 (17) | 1274 (42) | 981 (33) | 239 (8) |
MH-LDL-C | 2.04 ± 0.78 | 1.85 ± 0.69 | 2.04 ± 0.69 | 2.08 ± 0.79 | 2.23 ± 1.20 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 48% | 55% | 45% | 48% | 47% |
<1.4 mmol/L | 19% | 28% | 15% | 18% | 24% |
F-LDL-C | 1.91 ± 0.81 | 1.83 ± 0.70 | 1.96 ± 0.71 | 1.89 ± 0.84 | 1.82 ± 1.29 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 55% * | 57% | 51% * | 58% * | 60% * |
<1.4 mmol/L | 28% * | 29% | 20% * | 31% * | 49% * |
S-LDL-C | 2.00 ± 0.81 | 1.86 ± 0.72 | 2.03 ± 0.71 | 2.02 ± 0.82 | 2.02 ± 1.26 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 49% | 53% | 45% | 51% | 55% |
<1.4 mmol/L | 20% | 26% | 15% | 22% | 32% |
∆MH-F-LDL-C | 7% 9% | 2% 1% | 6% 5% | 10% 13% | 13% 25% |
∆MH-S-LDL-C | 1% 1% | 2% 2% | 0% 0% | 3% 4% | 8% 8% |
∆F-S-LDL-C | 6% 8% | 4% 3% | 6% 5% | 7% 9% | 5% 17% |
non-HDL-C | 2.54 ± 0.85 | 2.29 ± 0.71 | 2.61 ± 0.72 | 2.75 ± 0.84 | 3.15 ± 1.37 |
<2.6 mmol/L | 57% * | 72% * | 57% * | 53% | 42% |
<2.2 mmol/L | 28% * | 46% * | 26% * | 24% | 21% |
All | Rosu | SP Rosu/Eze | DP Rosu/Eze | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patients n (%) | 3017 | 618 (20) | 1922 (64) | 477 (16) |
MH-LDL-C | 2.04 ± 0.78 | 2.16 ± 0.70 | 1.99 ± 0.79 | 2.07 ± 0.79 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 48% | 37% | 52% * | 45% * |
<1.4 mmol/L | 19% | 11% | 22% * | 18% * |
F-LDL-C | 1.91 ± 0.81 | 2.05 ± 0.74 | 1.86 ± 0.83 | 1.94 ± 0.82 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 55% | 46% | 58% * | 54% * |
<1.4 mmol/L | 28% | 17% | 31% * | 28% * |
S-LDL-C | 2.00 ± 0.81 | 2.13 ± 0.73 | 1.95 ± 0.82 | 2.03 ± 0.81 |
<1.8 mmol/L | 49% | 38% | 53% * | 47% * |
<1.4 mmol/L | 20% | 12% | 23% * | 19% * |
non-HDL-C | 2.54 ± 0.85 | 2.76 ± 0.75 | 2.59 ± 0.87 | 2.69 ± 0.88 |
<2.6 mmol/L | 57% | 47% | 61% * | 56% * |
<2.2 mmol/L | 28% | 18% | 32% * | 26% * |
TG < 1.2 | TG 1.2–1.69 | TG 1.7–2.29 | TG ≥ 2.3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patients (n) | 523 | 1274 | 981 | 239 |
non-HDL-C < 2.6 | ||||
LDL-C < 1.8 | ||||
F-LDL-C | 78.8% * | 89.4% * | 100% | 100% |
MH-LDL-C | 76.7% * | 78.4% * | 89.1% * | 100% |
S-LDL-C | 73.8% * | 78.2% * | 94.5% * | 100% |
non-HDL-C < 2.2 | ||||
LDL-C < 1.4 | ||||
F-LDL-C | 63.2% * | 78.2% * | 99.6% | 100% |
MH-LDL-C | 61.1% * | 60.0% * | 76.2% * | 100% |
S-LDL-C | 56.5% * | 59.4% * | 90.5% * | 100% |
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Reiber, I.; Mark, L.; Lőrincz, H.; Együd, F.; Mező, I.; Paragh, G. Goal Achievement in 3017 Patients at Very High Cardiovascular Risk Based on Different LDL Cholesterol Calculations and Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels—Shortcomings of the Use of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Target Depending on Triglyceride Levels. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 5003. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145003
Reiber I, Mark L, Lőrincz H, Együd F, Mező I, Paragh G. Goal Achievement in 3017 Patients at Very High Cardiovascular Risk Based on Different LDL Cholesterol Calculations and Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels—Shortcomings of the Use of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Target Depending on Triglyceride Levels. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(14):5003. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145003
Chicago/Turabian StyleReiber, István, Laszlo Mark, Hajnalka Lőrincz, Ferenc Együd, Izabella Mező, and György Paragh. 2025. "Goal Achievement in 3017 Patients at Very High Cardiovascular Risk Based on Different LDL Cholesterol Calculations and Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels—Shortcomings of the Use of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Target Depending on Triglyceride Levels" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 14: 5003. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145003
APA StyleReiber, I., Mark, L., Lőrincz, H., Együd, F., Mező, I., & Paragh, G. (2025). Goal Achievement in 3017 Patients at Very High Cardiovascular Risk Based on Different LDL Cholesterol Calculations and Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels—Shortcomings of the Use of Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Target Depending on Triglyceride Levels. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(14), 5003. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145003