Tissue Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand1 (PD-L1) in Biopsies of Transplant Livers of Pediatric Patients as a Possible Marker of Acute Cellular Rejection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Histopathology
2.3. Statistic Analysis
- -
- PD-L1 expression in endothelium, inflammatory infiltrates, and hepatocytes in both groups;
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- Severity of fibrosis in relation to PD-L1 expression in endothelial and inflammatory infiltrates;
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- Laboratory test results (GGT, AST, ALT, bilirubin) at the time of biopsy against to the last available results taken at the time of the follow-up visit.
3. Results
Clinical Features
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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RAI Score | Number of Patients |
---|---|
2 | 1 |
3 | 6 |
4 | 4 |
5 | 4 |
6 | 3 |
8 | 1 |
Ishak Score | Protocol | ACR |
---|---|---|
0 | 12 | 3 |
1 | 10 | 2 |
2 | 14 | 4 |
3 | 5 | 2 |
4 | 8 | 2 |
5 | 4 | 2 |
6 | 2 | 0 |
Protocol | ACR | |
---|---|---|
Numer of patients | 55 | 14 * |
Age at transplantation (years) | 0.12–17.9 | 0.53–16.5 |
mean 5.13 | Mean 4.44 | |
mead 2.97 | Mead 1.99 | |
Age at biopsy (years) | 2.37–18.9 | 1.48–17.51 |
Mean 12.74 | Mean 9.49 | |
Mead 13.87 | Mead 7.93 | |
Diagnosis: | ||
Biliary atresia | 32 | 5 |
Biliary cirrhosis other than BA | 5 | 0 |
reLtx/rereLtx | 4 | 4 |
AIH/PSC | 2 | 1 |
ALF | 3 | 2 |
Liver tumor | 4 | 1 |
Other | 5 | 1 |
Elective transplantation | 33 | 6 |
Urgent transplantation | 5 | 3 |
Acute on chronic | 14 | 4 |
Oncological reason | 3 | 1 |
Time from Tx to liver biopsy (years) | 0.97–16.96 | 0.62–14.39 |
Mean 7.62 | Mean 3.52 | |
Median 8.36 | Median 1.33 |
Protocol | ACR | |
---|---|---|
55 | 14 * | |
Primary immunosuppression | ||
Double drugs (CNI + steroids) | 15 | 3 |
Double drugs (CNI + MMF) | 32 | 7 |
Triple | 8 | 4 |
Immunosuppression during biopsy | ||
Monotherapy (CNI or m-Tor inh) | 32 | 3 |
Steroids monotherapy | 1 | 2 |
Double (CNI + streroids) | 5 | 3 |
Double (other) | 13 | 1 |
Triple | 3 | 5 |
Missing data | 1 | 0 |
Actual immunosuppression | ||
Monotherapy (CNI or m-Tor inh) | 25 | 0 |
Steroids monotherapy | 1 | 0 |
Double (CNI/m-Tor inh + streroids) | 15 | 6 |
Double (other) | 8 | 0 |
Triple | 6 | 8 |
Protocol | ACR | |
---|---|---|
55 | 14 * | |
Total bilirubine (mg/dl) | 0.13–36 | 0.21–11.8 |
Mean | 2.56 | 2.37 |
Median | 0.58 | 1.17 |
sGOT | 9–79 | 20–346 |
Mean | 31.38 | 117.26 |
Median | 26 | 80 |
sGPT | 5–117 | 15–569 |
Mean | 27.89 | 170.05 |
Median | 20 | 140 |
GGTP | 0.41–509 | 10–1239 |
Mean | 40.44 | 261.21 |
Median | 23 | 183 |
INR | 0.47–2.1 | 0.88–1.6 |
Mean | 1.09 | 1.08 |
Median | 1.08 | 1.06 |
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Szymanska, S.; Markiewicz-Kijewska, M.; Pyzlak, M.; Karkucinska-Wienckowska, A.; Ciopinski, M.; Czubkowski, P.; Kaliciński, P. Tissue Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand1 (PD-L1) in Biopsies of Transplant Livers of Pediatric Patients as a Possible Marker of Acute Cellular Rejection. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134269
Szymanska S, Markiewicz-Kijewska M, Pyzlak M, Karkucinska-Wienckowska A, Ciopinski M, Czubkowski P, Kaliciński P. Tissue Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand1 (PD-L1) in Biopsies of Transplant Livers of Pediatric Patients as a Possible Marker of Acute Cellular Rejection. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(13):4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134269
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymanska, Sylwia, Malgorzata Markiewicz-Kijewska, Michal Pyzlak, Agnieszka Karkucinska-Wienckowska, Mateusz Ciopinski, Piotr Czubkowski, and Piotr Kaliciński. 2023. "Tissue Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand1 (PD-L1) in Biopsies of Transplant Livers of Pediatric Patients as a Possible Marker of Acute Cellular Rejection" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 13: 4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134269
APA StyleSzymanska, S., Markiewicz-Kijewska, M., Pyzlak, M., Karkucinska-Wienckowska, A., Ciopinski, M., Czubkowski, P., & Kaliciński, P. (2023). Tissue Expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand1 (PD-L1) in Biopsies of Transplant Livers of Pediatric Patients as a Possible Marker of Acute Cellular Rejection. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(13), 4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134269