A Personalized Approach to Determining the Caloric Needs of Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome Treated with Growth Hormone
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Variables
2.3. Measurements
2.3.1. Auxological Variables
2.3.2. Daily Caloric Intake
2.3.3. Physical Activity
2.3.4. Total Energy Expenditure
2.4. Total Energy Expenditure = Henry BMR × Activity Factor Ethics
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sedentary (PAL * 1.0–1.39) | Low Active (PAL * 1.4–1.59) | Active (PAL * 1.6–1.89) | Very Active (PAL * 1.9–2.5) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Typical daily living activities (e.g., household tasks, walking to the bus) | Typical daily living activities PLUS 30–60 min of daily moderate activity (e.g., walking at 5–7 km/h) | Typical daily living activities PLUS at least 60 min of daily moderate activity | Typical daily living activities PLUS at least 60 min of daily moderate activity PLUS an additional 60 min of vigorous activity or 120 min of moderate activity | |
Boys 3–18 y | 1.00 | 1.13 | 1.26 | 1.42 |
Girls 3–18 y | 1.00 | 1.16 | 1.31 | 1.56 |
Men 19 y+ | 1.00 | 1.11 | 1.25 | 1.48 |
Women 19 y+ | 1.00 | 1.12 | 1.27 | 1.45 |
Variable | Statistics |
---|---|
Age (years) | 6.72 ± 2.81 |
Age at start of GH (years) * | 1.40 (0.78; 2.29) |
Weight (kg) * | 24.6 (16.6; 33.7) |
Height or length (cm) * | 122.0 (105.0; 137.0) |
BMI (kg/m2) * | 16.8 (15.1; 20.4) |
BMI z-score * | −0.10 (−0.75; 1.50) |
Caloric intake (kcal/d) | 1208 ± 186 |
Grams protein/kg/d | 2.44 ± 0.92 |
%Proteins | 19.1 ± 2.90 |
%Lipids | 34.1 ± 6.55 |
%Carbohydrates | 46.8 ± 7.47 |
BMR (kcal/d) | 1290 ± 317 |
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Couto-Rosende, Y.; Garcia-Tirado, D.; Palacio-Marco, M.; Caixàs, A.; Corripio, R. A Personalized Approach to Determining the Caloric Needs of Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome Treated with Growth Hormone. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 3967. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123967
Couto-Rosende Y, Garcia-Tirado D, Palacio-Marco M, Caixàs A, Corripio R. A Personalized Approach to Determining the Caloric Needs of Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome Treated with Growth Hormone. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(12):3967. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123967
Chicago/Turabian StyleCouto-Rosende, Yolanda, Diana Garcia-Tirado, Mónica Palacio-Marco, Assumpta Caixàs, and Raquel Corripio. 2023. "A Personalized Approach to Determining the Caloric Needs of Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome Treated with Growth Hormone" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 12: 3967. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123967