Impact of a Femoral Fracture on Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury—A Matched-Pair Analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU®
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Outcome Variable | Group 1 TBI only | Group 2 TBI + femoral fracture | p—Value |
---|---|---|---|
Number of Patients | 3,381 | 1,127 | |
Result presented as median and (IQR) | |||
ICU length of stay in days | 3 (1–7) | 4 (2–11) | <0.001 |
Length of hospital stay in days *1 | 10 (6–18) | 18 (10–27) | < 0.001 |
Results presented as number of patients and in % per group | |||
Neurosurgical intervention *2 | 268 (10.3) | 186 (22.4) | <0.001 |
Multi-organ failure *3 | 214 (22.1) | 177 (30.6) | <0.001 |
Sepsis *4 | 51 (5.4) | 34 (5.9) | 0.652 |
Thromboembolic event *5 | 21 (2.2) | 15 (2.6) | 0.568 |
Outcome | <0.001 | ||
Death | 452 (13.4) | 181 (16.1) | 0.024 |
—within 6 h | 52 (1.5) | 36 (3.2) | 0.001 |
—within 24 h | 189 (5.6) | 89 (7.9) | 0.005 |
Unresponsive *6 | 62 (1.9) | 25 (2.3) | - |
Severe disability *6 | 281 (8.5) | 115 (10.4) | - |
Moderate disability *6 | 716 (21.7) | 326 (29.4) | - |
Good recovery *6 | 1792 (54.3) | 461 (41.6) | - |
Discharge from hospital | <0.001 | ||
—Discharge to home | 1,667 (49.3) | 419 (37.2) | - |
—Discharge to rehabilitation facility | 864 (25.6) | 363 (32.2) | - |
—Transfer to other hospital | 281 (8.3) | 99 (8.8) | - |
—Other | 117 (3.5) | 65 (5.8) | - |
Patient Characteristics | Group 1 TBI only | Group 2 TBI + femoral fracture | p—Value |
---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 3,381 | 1,127 | |
Results presented as means (SD) | |||
Age (years) | 56.1 (22.7) | 53.9 (25.4) | 0.012 |
ISS | 15.9 (7.5) | 23.4 (7.6) | <0.001 |
Time from accident to hospital in minutes *1 | 61.0 (34.4) | 68.4 (34.0) | <0.001 |
Results presented as number of patients in % per group | |||
Mechanism of injury *2 | <0.001 | ||
—Traffic, overall | 1,191 (36.4) | 667 (59.8) | <0.001 |
—Traffic, car passenger | 400 (12.2) | 266 (23.9) | - |
—Traffic, motorcyclists/socius | 182 (5.6) | 181 (16.2) | - |
—Traffic, bicycle | 430 (13.1) | 103 (9.2) | - |
—Traffic, pedestrian | 159 (4.9) | 101 (9.1) | - |
—High fall ≥3 m | 448 (13.7) | 139 (12.5) | - |
—Low fall <3 m | 1,301 (39.7) | 277 (24.8) | - |
—Other | 353 (10.8) | 48 (4.3) | - |
Level of care *3 | <0.001 | ||
—Level 1 (supra-regional) | 1,890 (55.9) | 756 (67.1) | - |
—Level 2 (regional) | 1,230 (36.4) | 286 (25.4) | - |
—Level 3 (local) | 261 (7.7) | 85 (7.5) | - |
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Paul, M.M.; Mieden, H.J.; Lefering, R.; Kupczyk, E.K.; Jordan, M.C.; Gilbert, F.; Meffert, R.H.; Sirén, A.-L.; Hoelscher-Doht, S. Impact of a Femoral Fracture on Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury—A Matched-Pair Analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU®. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 3802. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113802
Paul MM, Mieden HJ, Lefering R, Kupczyk EK, Jordan MC, Gilbert F, Meffert RH, Sirén A-L, Hoelscher-Doht S. Impact of a Femoral Fracture on Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury—A Matched-Pair Analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU®. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(11):3802. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113802
Chicago/Turabian StylePaul, Mila M., Hannah J. Mieden, Rolf Lefering, Eva K. Kupczyk, Martin C. Jordan, Fabian Gilbert, Rainer H. Meffert, Anna-Leena Sirén, and Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht. 2023. "Impact of a Femoral Fracture on Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury—A Matched-Pair Analysis of the TraumaRegister DGU®" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 11: 3802. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113802