COVID-19 Prevention Guidance and the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving TAC Chemotherapy with Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient Selection
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Treatment
2.4. Definitions
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Redig, A.J.; McAllister, S.S. Breast cancer as a systemic disease: A view of metastasis. J. Intern. Med. 2013, 274, 113–126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Fontanella, C.; Bolzonello, S.; Lederer, B.; Aprile, G. Management of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia or febrile neutropenia. Breast Care 2014, 9, 239–245. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Crawford, J. Risk assessment and guidelines for first-cycle colony-stimulating factor use in the management of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Oncology 2006, 20, 22–28. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Martin, M.; Lluch, A.; Segui, M.A.; Ruiz, A.; Ramos, M.; Adrover, E.; Rodriguez-Lescure, A.; Grosse, R.; Calvo, L.; Fernandez-Chacon, C.; et al. Toxicity and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant docetaxel, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (TAC) or 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC): Impact of adding primary prophylactic granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to the TAC regimen. Ann. Oncol. 2006, 17, 1205–1212. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kuderer, N.M.; Dale, D.C.; Crawford, J.; Lyman, G.H. Impact of primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on febrile neutropenia and mortality in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: A systematic review. J. Clin. Oncol. 2007, 25, 3158–3167. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Smith, T.J.; Bohlke, K.; Lyman, G.H.; Carson, K.R.; Crawford, J.; Cross, S.J.; Goldberg, J.M.; Khatcheressian, J.L.; Leighl, N.B.; Perkins, C.L.; et al. Recommendations for the Use of WBC Growth Factors: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J. Clin. Oncol. 2015, 33, 3199–3212. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Schnipper, L.E.; Smith, T.J.; Raghavan, D.; Blayney, D.W.; Ganz, P.A.; Mulvey, T.M.; Wollins, D.S. American Society of Clinical Oncology identifies five key opportunities to improve care and reduce costs: The top five list for oncology. J. Clin. Oncol. 2012, 30, 1715–1724. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Aapro, M.S.; Bohlius, J.; Cameron, D.A.; Dal Lago, L.; Donnelly, J.P.; Kearney, N.; Lyman, G.H.; Pettengell, R.; Tjan-Heijnen, V.C.; Walewski, J.; et al. 2010 update of EORTC guidelines for the use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in adult patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and solid tumours. Eur. J. Cancer 2011, 47, 8–32. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- von Minckwitz, G.; Kummel, S.; du Bois, A.; Eiermann, W.; Eidtmann, H.; Gerber, B.; Hilfrich, J.; Huober, J.; Costa, S.D.; Jackisch, C.; et al. Pegfilgrastim +/- ciprofloxacin for primary prophylaxis with TAC (docetaxel/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy for breast cancer. Results from the GEPARTRIO study. Ann. Oncol. 2008, 19, 292–298. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Lee, J.E.; Kim, Z.; Han, S.W.; Hur, S.M.; Kim, S.Y.; Lee, M.H.; Lim, C.W. Pegfilgrastim for primary prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia in breast cancer patients undergoing TAC chemotherapy. Ann. Surg. Treat. Res. 2018, 94, 223–228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, W.; Jiang, Z.; Wang, L.; Li, C.; Xia, J. An open-label, randomized, multicenter dose-finding study of once-per-cycle pegfilgrastim versus daily filgrastim in Chinese breast cancer patients receiving TAC chemotherapy. Med. Oncol. 2015, 32, 147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jeon, Y.W.; Lim, S.T.; Gwak, H.; Park, S.Y.; Suh, Y.J. Clinical Impact of Primary Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Docetaxel-Doxorubicin-Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy. J. Breast Cancer 2020, 23, 521–532. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Meidani, M.; Mirmohammad Sadeghi, S.A. Respiratory Viruses in Febrile Neutropenic Patients with Respiratory Symptoms. Adv. Biomed. Res. 2018, 7, 5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ellis, M. Febrile neutropenia. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2008, 1138, 329–350. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, M.C.; Kweon, O.J.; Lim, Y.K.; Choi, S.H.; Chung, J.W.; Lee, M.K. Impact of social distancing on the spread of common respiratory viruses during the coronavirus disease outbreak. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0252963. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Howard, J.; Huang, A.; Li, Z.; Tufekci, Z.; Zdimal, V.; van der Westhuizen, H.M.; von Delft, A.; Price, A.; Fridman, L.; Tang, L.H.; et al. An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2021, 118, e2014564118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- So, J.Y.; O’Hara, N.N.; Kenaa, B.; Williams, J.G.; de Borja, C.L.; Slejko, J.F.; Zafari, Z.; Sokolow, M.; Zimand, P.; Deming, M.; et al. Population Decline in COPD Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic Associated with Lower Burden of Community Respiratory Viral Infections. Am. J. Med. 2021, 134, 1252–1259.e1253. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Oken, M.M.; Creech, R.H.; Tormey, D.C.; Horton, J.; Davis, T.E.; McFadden, E.T.; Carbone, P.P. Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 1982, 5, 649–655. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Heymann, D.L.; Shindo, N.; Scientific, W.H.O.; Technical Advisory Group for Infectious, H. COVID-19: What is next for public health? Lancet 2020, 395, 542–545. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Eiermann, W.; Pienkowski, T.; Crown, J.; Sadeghi, S.; Martin, M.; Chan, A.; Saleh, M.; Sehdev, S.; Provencher, L.; Semiglazov, V.; et al. Phase III study of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide with concomitant versus sequential docetaxel as adjuvant treatment in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-normal, node-positive breast cancer: BCIRG-005 trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29, 3877–3884. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Ahn, M.H.; Jang, Y.H.; Lee, E.J.; Park, J.H.; Rho, J.; Kim, Z.; Kim, H.M.; Han, S.W.; Lim, C.; et al. Toxicity and quality of life of Korean breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel-containing chemotherapy without primary G-CSF prophylaxis. Breast Cancer 2014, 21, 670–676. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kuderer, N.M.; Dale, D.C.; Crawford, J.; Cosler, L.E.; Lyman, G.H. Mortality, morbidity, and cost associated with febrile neutropenia in adult cancer patients. Cancer 2006, 106, 2258–2266. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cho, B.J.; Kim, K.M.; Bilegsaikhan, S.E.; Suh, Y.J. Machine learning improves the prediction of febrile neutropenia in Korean inpatients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 14803. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
COVID-19 Prevention and Control | |||
---|---|---|---|
No (n = 43) | Yes (n = 42) | p-Value | |
Age (years) | 52.3 ± 8.3 | 53.7 ± 8.6 | 0.452 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.6 | 24.7 ± 3.7 | 0.924 |
BSA (m2) | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.962 |
Age (years) | |||
<60 | 33 (76.7) | 28 (66.7) | 0.342 |
≥60 | 10 (23.3) | 14 (33.3) | |
Type of surgery | |||
BCS | 39 (90.7) | 41 (97.6) | 0.360 |
Mastectomy | 4 (9.3) | 1 (2.4) | |
T stage | |||
I | 26 (60.5) | 16 (38.1) | 0.074 |
II | 15 (34.9) | 25 (59.5) | |
III, IV | 2 (4.7) | 1 (2.4) | |
N stage | |||
0 | 7 (16.3) | 9 (21.4) | 0.257 |
I | 27 (62.8) | 19 (45.2) | |
II, III | 9 (20.9) | 14 (33.3) | |
Histological type | |||
IDC | 37 (86.0) | 34 (81.0) | 0.531 |
ILC | 2 (4.7) | 1 (2.4) | |
Others | 4 (9.3) | 7 (16.7) | |
Histologic grade | |||
G1, G2 | 28 (65.1) | 17 (42.9) | 0.051 |
G3 | 15 (34.9) | 24 (57.1) | |
Estrogen receptor | |||
Positive | 33 (76.7) | 22 (52.4) | 0.024 |
Negative | 10 (23.3) | 20 (47.6) | |
Progesterone receptor | |||
Positive | 18 (41.9) | 12 (28.6) | 0.258 |
Negative | 25 (58.1) | 30 (71.4) | |
HER2 | |||
Positive | 8 (18.6) | 11 (26.2) | 0.444 |
Negative | 35 (81.4) | 31 (73.8) | |
Comorbidity | |||
No | 38 (88.4) | 35 (83.3) | |
HTN | 1 (2.3) | 6 (14.3) | |
DM | 2 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
HTN+DM | 2 (4.7) | 1 (2.4) | 0.111 |
Smoking | |||
Yes | 0 (0) | 1 (2.4) | 0.494 |
No | 43 (100) | 41 (97.6) |
COVID-19 Prevention and Control | |||
---|---|---|---|
No (n = 43) | Yes (n = 42) | p-Value | |
Neutropenia (grade 3 or 4) | 43 (100) | 40 (95.2) | 0.241 |
Neutropenia (grade 4) | 40 (93.0%) | 38 (90.5) | 0.713 |
FN | 12 (27.9%) | 4 (9.5%) | 0.050 |
Admission | 17 (39.5) | 9 (21.4%) | 0.099 |
Hospitalization duration (days) | 2.0 ± 3.8 | 0.7 ± 1.5 | 0.041 |
Outpatient costs (USD) | 227.0 ± 166.7 | 253.8 ± 58.7 | 0.325 |
Inpatient costs (USD) | 137.7 ± 186.4 | 26.4 ± 60.1 | 0.001 |
Total cost (USD) | 364.7 ± 271.6 | 279.6 ± 42.6 | 0.049 |
Dose reduction or delay | 7 (16.3) | 3 (7.1) | 0.313 |
Anemia | 3 (7.0) | 1 (2.4) | 0.616 |
Thrombocytopenia | 8 (18.6) | 6 (14.3) | 0.771 |
Liver function abnormality | 5 (11.6%) | 7 (16.7) | 0.549 |
Renal failure | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
Transfusion | 4 (9.3) | 2 (4.8) | 0.676 |
Infection | 5 (11.6) | 4 (9.5) | 1.000 |
Death | 2 (4.7) | 0 | 0.494 |
Variable | OR | 95% Confidence Interval | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||
<60 | 1 | ||
≥60 | 1.700 | 0.540–5.347 | 0.364 |
Menopause | |||
Premenopausal | 1 | ||
Menopausal | 0.947 | 0.307–2.917 | 0.924 |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
<25 | 1 | ||
≥25 | 0.688 | 0.248–1.903 | 0.471 |
IPC guidance | |||
Yes | 1 | ||
No | 3.677 | 1.078–12.543 | 0.038 |
Comorbidities | |||
No | 1 | ||
Yes | 4.026 | 1.081–14.990 | 0.038 |
Histologic type | |||
IDC | 1 | ||
ILC | 2.231 | 0.188–26.496 | 0.525 |
Others | 0.991 | 0.191–5.142 | 0.992 |
T stage | |||
T1 | 1 | ||
T2 | 0.524 | 0.159–1.726 | 0.288 |
T3–T4 | 7.333 | 0.595–90.332 | 0.120 |
N stage | |||
0 | 1 | ||
1 | 2.545 | 0.503–12–891 | 0.259 |
2 | 2.154 | 0.336–13.804 | 0.418 |
3 | 1.400 | 0.103–19.012 | 0.800 |
Estrogen receptor | |||
Negative | 1 | ||
Positive | 1.268 | 0.426–3.775 | 0.669 |
Progesterone receptor | |||
Negative | 1 | ||
Positive | 0.610 | 0.195–1.905 | 0.395 |
HER2 | |||
Negative | 1 | ||
Positive | 1.301 | 0.400–4.234 | 0.662 |
Variable | OR | 95% Confidence Interval | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
IPC guidance | |||
Yes | 1 | 0.023 | |
No | 4.668 | 1.238–17.602 | |
Comorbidities | |||
No | 1 | 0.021 | |
Yes | 5.554 | 1.294–23.843 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Gwak, H.; Lim, S.-T.; Jeon, Y.-W.; Park, H.S.; Kim, S.H.; Suh, Y.-J. COVID-19 Prevention Guidance and the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving TAC Chemotherapy with Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 7053. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237053
Gwak H, Lim S-T, Jeon Y-W, Park HS, Kim SH, Suh Y-J. COVID-19 Prevention Guidance and the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving TAC Chemotherapy with Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(23):7053. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237053
Chicago/Turabian StyleGwak, Hongki, Seung-Taek Lim, Ye-Won Jeon, Hyung Soon Park, Seong Hwan Kim, and Young-Jin Suh. 2022. "COVID-19 Prevention Guidance and the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving TAC Chemotherapy with Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23: 7053. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237053