Measles Immunization Policies and Vaccination Coverage in EU/EEA Countries over the Last Decade
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Incidence of Measles in Europe
3.2. Measles Vaccination Coverage in Europe
3.3. Comparison between Countries with Different Vaccination Policies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Country | Measles Cases per Million | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
Austria | 12 | 2.3 | 8.9 | 13.3 | 35.2 | 3.1 | 10.9 | 8.8 |
Belgium | 51 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 7.1 | 32.5 | 10.6 |
Bulgaria | 21 | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 23.2 | 1.8 |
Croatia | n.a. | n.a. | 0.2 | 3.3 | 51.6 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 5.5 |
Cyprus | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 11.6 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 | 17.6 |
Czech Republic | 2 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 21.1 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 13.8 | 19.1 |
Denmark | 15 | 0.4 | 3.0 | 5.2 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
Estonia | 5 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 7.6 |
Finland | 5 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 2.7 |
France | 234 | 13.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 1.2 | 7.8 | 43.5 |
Germany | 20 | 2.0 | 21.7 | 5.4 | 30.5 | 4.0 | 11.3 | 6.6 |
Greece | 4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 89.7 | 212.9 |
Hungary | 1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.7 | 1.4 |
Iceland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.1 | 0 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 0 |
Ireland | 68 | 23.9 | 12.4 | 9.1 | 1.5 | 9.3 | 5.3 | 18.8 |
Italy | 85 | 11.2 | 36.4 | 28.1 | 4.1 | 14.2 | 84.0 | 41.5 |
Latvia | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0 | 17.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.8 |
Lithuania | 2 | 0.6 | 11.6 | 3.7 | 17.0 | 7.6 | 0.7 | 10.5 |
Luxemburg | 12 | 3.9 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 6.9 | 6.8 |
Malta | 10 | 0 | 4.8 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 10.9 |
Netherlands | 3 | 0.6 | 149.4 | 8.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.4 |
Norway | 8 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 2.7 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.3 |
Poland | 1 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 8.9 |
Portugal | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.3 | 16.6 |
Romania | 187 | 179.5 | 50.3 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 123.1 | 283.8 | 55.3 |
Slovakia | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 105.2 |
Slovenia | 11 | 1 | 0.5 | 25.3 | 8.7 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 4.4 |
Spain | 43 | 9.7 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 1 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 4.8 |
Sweden | 3 | 3.2 | 5.5 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 |
United Kingdom | 17 | 30.4 | 30.7 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 8.7 | 4.3 | 14.5 |
EU/EEA | 60 | 16.2 | 20.1 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 9.0 | 28.3 | 23.9 |
Country | Variation in Vaccination Coverage for the Second Dose of Measles-Containing Vaccine (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
2010–2018 | 2010–2016 | 2016–2018 | |
Czech Republic | −14 | −5 | −9 |
Romania | −12 | −17 | +5 |
Bulgaria | −9 | −8 | −1 |
Estonia | −7 | −3 | −4 |
Norway | −4 | −6 | +2 |
Netherlands | −3 | −1 | −2 |
Croatia | −3 | −2 | −1 |
Lithuania | −3 | −3 | 0 |
Poland | −2 | −1 | −1 |
Slovakia | −2 | −2 | 0 |
Slovenia | −2 | −3 | +1 |
Cyprus | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Germany | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Hungary | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Sweden | +1 | +1 | 0 |
Portugal | +1 | 0 | +1 |
Latvia | +1 | −4 | +5 |
Spain | +2 | +3 | −1 |
Belgium | +2 | +2 | 0 |
Iceland | +3 | +3 | 0 |
United Kingdom | +4 | +5 | −1 |
Denmark | +5 | 0 | +5 |
Greece | +6 | +6 | 0 |
Malta | +10 | +1 | +9 |
Austria | +15 | +20 | −5 |
France | +19 | +19 | 0 |
Luxemburg | n.a. | n.a. | +4 |
Italy | n.a. | n.a. | +7 |
Finland | n.a. | n.a. | +8 |
Ireland | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
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Montalti, M.; Kawalec, A.; Leoni, E.; Dallolio, L. Measles Immunization Policies and Vaccination Coverage in EU/EEA Countries over the Last Decade. Vaccines 2020, 8, 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010086
Montalti M, Kawalec A, Leoni E, Dallolio L. Measles Immunization Policies and Vaccination Coverage in EU/EEA Countries over the Last Decade. Vaccines. 2020; 8(1):86. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010086
Chicago/Turabian StyleMontalti, Marco, Anna Kawalec, Erica Leoni, and Laura Dallolio. 2020. "Measles Immunization Policies and Vaccination Coverage in EU/EEA Countries over the Last Decade" Vaccines 8, no. 1: 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010086